scholarly journals Proliferations and Vulnerabilities: Hybridization of Professionalism in the Field of Cancer Medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Schnell
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Drug Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Cancer Medicine ◽  
The One

In cancer medicine, particularly in drug research and development, structural changes in professionalism can be observed as examples. This field is characterized by a strong tension between social expectations concerning the control of existential risks to health, on the one hand, and strong commercial interests of a shareholder value-driven industry, on the other hand. Based on a qualitative empirical analysis, two subfields within the field of cancer medicine are reconstructed. One of these subfields—colon cancer therapy—could be interpreted as representing a renewal of the knowledge-power nexus. The pattern of the other subfield—brain tumour research—refers to a much more vulnerable professionalism. Both fields are characterized by development in professional work, which could be described with the hybridization concept. Therefore, the contrast between the two empirical examples presented still challenges the theoretical interpretation of contemporary professionalism.

The State of the Art in Management Education Applicable to Aerospace Activities

1967 ◽  
Vol 71 (677) ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
F. H. East
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Management Education ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Development Project ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Past ◽  
Defence Budget ◽  
The One ◽  
Almost All

The Aviation Group of the Ministry of Technology (formerly the Ministry of Aviation) is responsible for spending a large part of the country's defence budget, both in research and development on the one hand and production or procurement on the other. In addition, it has responsibilities in many non-defence fields, mainly, but not exclusively, in aerospace.Few developments have been carried out entirely within the Ministry's own Establishments; almost all have required continuous co-operation between the Ministry and Industry. In the past the methods of management and collaboration and the relative responsibilities of the Ministry and Industry have varied with time, with the type of equipment to be developed, with the size of the development project and so on. But over the past ten years there has been a growing awareness of the need to put some system into the complex business of translating a requirement into a specification and a specification into a product within reasonable bounds of time and cost.

scholarly journals The man of Ernest J. Gaines' novelistic universe: between emasculation and self-assertion

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5330-5335
Author(s):  
Touré Bassamanan
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Expectations ◽  
Male Domination ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

This paper highlights the different layers of meaning that characterize the notion of manhood in Gaines’ fiction. The quest for manhood represents an imperative for the frustrated men in the framework of the social context wherein they are emasculated. Here, manhood should be grasped through a binary paradigm. On the one hand, the expression of manhood equates with male domination and violence. On the other hand, due to social expectations, manhood refers to the struggle for freedom. It undermines the white racial superiority and it claims blacks’ humanity. Manhood fosters humanistic principles. Thus, it takes on a universal dimension.

Supercooling of liquids

1952 ◽  
Vol 215 (1120) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Experimental Fact ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Complex Crystal

I shall concentrate upon reviewing the important recent change in our appreciation of the facts of supercooling which has been brought about particularly by the work of Turnbull at the General Electric Research Laboratory in Schenectady. I suppose that most of us, talking about supercooling a couple of years ago, would have divided substances into two classes, one with simple crystal structures like gold, and all the other ‘good’ metals on the one hand, and those with complex crystal structures, such as glycerol and the silicates on the other; saying that whereas the latter class can be very much supercooled, and will form glasses, the former class can only be supercooled a very few degrees. Then we would have added that there are some ‘ bad ’ metals, with moderately complex crystal structures, such as antimony or bismuth, which can be supercooled some tens of degrees, forming an intermediate class. I think we would then have added that this is quite comprehensible. In particular, that the X-ray diffraction patterns of the monatomic liquids show us that most of the atoms have the right numbers of nearest neighbours in a first co-ordination shell, all ready in place to start the growth of a crystal; which readily explains why these substances cannot be supercooled very much—a nice simple experimental fact, with a straightforward theoretical interpretation—and both are wrong.

scholarly journals The Transformation of International Trade Unionism in the Era of Globalization

Just Labour ◽  
1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reynald Bourque ◽  
Marc- Antonin Hennebert
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
World Congress ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
The One ◽  
Second World

Following the Second World Congress of the International Trade UnionConfederation (ITUC) held from June 21 to 25, 2010in Vancouver, this articleexamines the changes undergone by international trade unionism in recent years.The increasing power of multinational corporations,as a result of globalization,has led to a transformation in international tradeunionism which has produced areorganization of its structures and the emergenceof new forms of action toensure the protection of workers’ rights worldwide.The key argument of thisarticle is that the evolution of the structures andpractices of international tradeunion organizations over the last two decades has been characterized by theimplementation of strategies aimed, on the one hand, at reinforcing trade unionunity and, on the other hand, at targeting multinational corporations. Lastly,although the transformation of international tradeunionism has given rise toimportant structural changes, international trade union organizations continue toface formidable challenges in their efforts to effectively contribute to theregulation of the global economy.

Concepts, Knowledge and Language in Healthcare Information Systems: Follow-up 30 Months Later

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 312-314
Author(s):  
J.-R. Scherrer
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Healthcare Information Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
New Research ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe paper reviews the last IMIA-WG6 recommendations, issued along two themes: (1) how to better share common results and (2) how to conduct new research and development efforts. Some of the major discrepancies in the field are reviewed. The paper intends to offer insight into two areas, first, in the issue of knowledge representation and, second, in the science of meaning, incorporating the broad intersection of computational linguistics, semantics, conceptual approach, and denotation. The Ogden-Richards meaning triangle is used as a convenient organizing principle to maximize the scope of understanding among the different schools, particularly in areas of linguistics and semantics on the one side and denotation and conceptual approach on the other. In conclusion, there is a need for clarification and for more scientific pragmatism.

scholarly journals Considerations on determining the explosion risk and the areas with explosion hazard in a natural gas compressor station

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 03005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Maria Gligor ◽  
Valentin Petrescu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Transportation Networks ◽  
The Other ◽  
Explosion Hazard ◽  
Compressor Station ◽  
Work Related ◽  
The One ◽  
Explosion Risk

Compressor stations are important components within natural gas transportation networks. The current paper analyses some of the safety aspects involved in the operation of such facilities – on the one hand related to the explosion risk for employees working in compressor stations and on the other hand related to determining to the areas with increased explosion hazard in such a station, in order to help reducing work-related accidents and the occurrence of professional illnesses. The explosion risk is determined based on a method devised by the National Institute for Research and Development for Environmental Protection Bucharest, while the explosion hazard areas are determined and displayed with the help of the software package AutoCAD Plant 3D.

scholarly journals “Developmentalist Brazil” (1945-1964) as a concept: historicizing and (re)periodizing development in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-354
Author(s):  
ALEXANDRE DE FREITAS BARBOSA
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
The Other ◽  
Development Pattern ◽  
New Development ◽  
Capitalist World Economy ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT The paper presents an alternative periodization of the debate and practice of development in Brazil. It starts with a brief depiction of Rômulo Almeida’s trajectory. It states that during the second Vargas government, a group of bureaucrats - coined as “State organic intellectuals” - occupy a new social position. As the process of economic development unfolds, new contradictions arise, so as other social positions. In the second part, new categories are constructed in order to describe the different conceptions of development during the period 1945-1964. Then, after presenting the many uses of the concept of “developmentalism” over history, the paper delves into the concept of “Developmentalist Brazil” in order to get into the inner dynamic of the period. The purpose is to integrate ideas and social positions, on the one hand, and structural processes, on the other, by addressing the conflicts over development strategies. The “Post-Developmentalist” period (1964-1980) is characterized as a rupture in its attempt to put in place a new development pattern to solve the rising contradictions faced during the “Developmentalist Brazil” period (1945-1964). At the end, we put forth a research programme that could possibly lead to the understanding of Brazil’s structural changes in the context of the post-1980 new capitalist world-economy.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF DYNAMICS AND STRUCTURE OF TAX BUDGET FORMATION SOURCES IN UKRAINE

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
В. В. Мартиненко
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Current State ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Indirect Taxes ◽  
The One ◽  
Budget Revenue

The current state of the national economy development of our country raises the urgent need for a detailed analysis of the practical principles of the budget revenue formation. It was found that the excess of the level of total revenues growth to the consolidated budget of Ukraine from indirect taxes on the revenues from direct taxes has caused the structural changes in the tax sources of the state fi nancial resources formation – the increase in the indirect taxes share by 13.8 % and the reduction of the direct taxes share – by 7.6 %. The article proves that the evaluation of the dynamics and structure of tax sources budget formation is important, since, on the one hand, its results refl ect the tax system effi ciency, and, on the other hand, the level of income redistribution in the economy.

The Development of Competition Policy in the Ukraine

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-200
Author(s):  
Y. Stotyka
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Competition Policy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Independent State ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Reformation ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
The One

In 1991 Ukraine became an independent state, abandoned central planning, and started the transformation of its economy. The country inherited a highly monopolised structure of economy from the Soviet Union, therefore demonopolisation and the development of competition have been among the main areas where structural changes were necessary. The present study gives a comprehensive picture of the development of antitrust policy in the Ukraine from 1992 to 2002 through an assessment of evolving competition policy and examination of the policy's implementation. On the one hand, the development of competition policy in the Ukraine included the establishment of rules and appropriate procedures, as well as the creation of a proper institutional framework. On the other hand, the lack of a unified state approach to the reformation of the economy in general and to the problems of the development of competition in particular could be observed. The actions of different state organs were not synchronised, and competition policy in the Ukraine failed to become the main element of the economic policy setup.

scholarly journals The Impact of Advertising and R&D on Bankruptcy Survival: A Double-Edged Sword

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-40
Author(s):  
Niket Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cumulative Effects ◽  
Future Cash Flow ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Out Of Sample ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Advertising and research and development (R&D) benefit firms by increasing sales and shareholder value. However, when a firm is in bankruptcy, the cumulative effects of its past advertising and R&D can be a double-edged sword. On the one hand, they increase the firm’s expected future cash flow, which increases the likelihood that the bankruptcy court will decide the firm can survive. On the other hand, they increase the liquidation value of the firm’s assets, which decreases the likelihood that the bankruptcy court will decide that the firm can survive. The author argues that the ability of advertising and R&D to either increase or decrease bankruptcy survival is contingent on the influence that the firm’s suppliers have, relative to other creditors, on the bankruptcy court’s decision. Advertising and R&D increase (decrease) bankruptcy survival when suppliers have a high (low) level of influence. Empirical analyses, conducted on 1,504 bankruptcies, show that advertising (R&D) increases bankruptcy survival when at least 35%−38% (18%−21%) of the bankrupt firm’s debt has been borrowed from suppliers, whereas it decreases bankruptcy survival below this point. Out-of-sample machine learning validation shows that the ability to predict whether a bankrupt customer will survive is substantially improved by considering the firm’s advertising and R&D.

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