scholarly journals Illness: Narratives, Imagery, and Politics

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 235-250
Author(s):  
Daniele Monticelli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Illness Narratives ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Sick People ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Adequate Understanding ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Academic Year

The article uses the review of a seminar, an exhibition, and a graduate conference, which took place at Tallinn University in the 2020–2021 academic year, as an occasion to reflect on the different ways in which illness has been represented in literature, the arts, and film across the history of Western culture. The specific focus of the article is on the theoretical contribution of the humanities to a more complex and adequate understanding of the phenomenon of illness. The study of illness narratives reveals different patterns and strategies of constructing the illness experience into a coherent and meaningful story, but also the resistance that the disruptive impact of illness on our everyday lives poses to narrativisation. The complex historical imagery which endows the biological fact of being sick with additional cultural and social meaning has also to be critically investigated in the humanities and social sciences. Metaphors about illness and the use of illness as a socio-political metaphor have often had a nefarious impact on sick people as well as entire social groups and communities. This is why the article also considers illness in its relations with politics and power and describes various attempts to empower sick people in their relations with medical institutions and their social environment. The article ends with a review of the “Illness: Narratives, Imagery, Politics” graduate conference (27–28 January 2021), which is a good illustration of the many literary and artistic works and of the plurality of methods that can be used in the study of the illness phenomenon from a humanities perspective.

scholarly journals The Crisis, the Humanities and Medical History

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-287
Author(s):  
Bill Luckin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Arts And Humanities ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Ideas

Non-controversially, the full version of this article argues that the crisis in British higher education will impoverish teaching and research in the arts and humanities; cut even more deeply into these areas in the post-1992 sector; and threaten the integrity of every small sub-discipline, including the history of medicine. It traces links between the Thatcherite reforms of the 1980s and the near-privatisation of universities proposed by the Browne Report and partly adopted by the coalition. The article ends by arguing that it would be mistaken to expect any government-driven return to the status quo ante. New ideas and solutions must come from within. As economic and cultural landscapes are transformed, higher education will eventually be rebuilt, and the arts and social sciences, including medical history, reshaped in wholly unexpected ways. This will only happen, however, if a more highly politicised academic community forges its own strategies for recovery.

Situating Tribes in History: Lessons from the Archives and the Social Sciences

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
Nadav Samin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Official Records

The tribe presents a problem for the historian of the modern Middle East, particularly one interested in personalities, subtleties of culture and society, and other such “useless” things. By and large, tribes did not leave their own written records. The tribal author is a phenomenon of the present or the recent past. There are few twentieth century tribal figures comparable to the urban personalities to whose writings and influence we owe our understanding of the social, intellectual, and political history of the modern Middle East. There is next a larger problem of record keeping to contend with: the almost complete inaccessibility of official records on the postcolonial Middle East. It is no wonder that political scientists and anthropologists are among the best regarded custodians of the region's twentieth century history; they know how to make creative and often eloquent use of drastically limited tools. For many decades, suspicious governments have inhibited historians from carrying out the duties of their vocation. This is one reason why the many rich and original new monographs on Saddam Hussein's Iraq are so important. If tribes are on the margins of the records, and the records themselves are off limits, then one might imagine why modern Middle Eastern tribes are so poorly conceived in the scholarly imagination.

scholarly journals IN THE LENSE OF THE ODD: CONSTRUCTING THE OTHERNESS IN MALAYSIAN HISTORY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Norena Abdul karim zamri ◽  
ADAM Abdul Karim Zamri
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Historical Knowledge ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Theoretical Contribution ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

This study provides an understanding of Otherness concept  in contemporary social and cultural thought. It tries to delves on the many histories consumed by the Malaysian publics. It is based on the premised that historical knowledge of the nation is ethnicized. This study is aware that there is no official history of the nation. What has come to be known as the nation’s history evolved over space and has been accepted currently as mainstream history. By combining the fields of postcolonial theory and culture studies, it uses a theoretical framework that attaches contemporary cultural debates regarding the representation discourse with the colonial stereotypes and racialized imageries. Through the application of qualitative content analysis and quantitative analysis,  the study strives to make a theoretical contribution and adding to the body of the knowledge. This study deduce with a review of different types of racial otherness in Sarawak, by highlighting Orientalism as a form of persistent that has been maintained by colonial binaries throughout the history of Malaysia.

scholarly journals Zakład Historii i Teorii Wychowania w Filii Akademii Świętokrzyskiej w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim oraz Piotrkowskie Koło Towarzystwa Historii Edukacji

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Andrzej Felchner
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Education Society ◽  
Theory Of Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Master’S Degree ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
History And Theory

In Piotrków Trybunalski, in the academic year of 1984-1985, a 5-year Master’s Degree Studies in Pedagogics were launched. The school, over the 25-year span, has been significantly enlarged. At present, the Institute of Pedagogic Studies forms a part of the faculty of Social Sciences of the Jan Kochanowski University of Humanities and Sciences in Kielce. From the start, the history of learning, education and pedagogical thought have been taught. The current didactic and scientific activities in this subject are conducted by the Department of History and Theory of Education. The institution was successively directed by professors: Ryszard Wołoszyński, Teresa Wróblewska, Jerzy Kukulski and today by Andrzej Felchner. Additionally, in 2007, Piotrków Trybunalski Circle of the History of Education Society was established. It groups scholars from the Branch as well as the employees of other educational institutions from Piotrków Trybunalski.

scholarly journals Dove va la storia economica? Metodi e prospettive. Secc. XIII-XVIII – Where is Economic History Going? Methods and Prospects from the 13th to the 18th Centuries

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Economic History ◽  
General Context ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
Current State ◽  
Industrial Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Over Time

The book proposes to take stock of the situation of the studies of economic history of the pre-industrial age, in an attempt to grasp what – in the current state of European research – is the cultural scope and role of the discipline among the many specialisations of history and economic science. It analyses the different approaches that have characterised the various European historiography schools over time, as well as the evolution and prospects of directions of research; it reflects on the analysis of the sources, the methods that are at the basis of their use, and the interpretative questions that they pose for the academic. Finally it proposes the inclusion of economic history within the more general context of research, through an interdisciplinary comparison between the method proper to this discipline and that of other economic and social sciences.

Legal Uses of Anthropology in France in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Audren ◽  
Laetitia Guerlain
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Legal Positivism ◽  
Legal Anthropology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human And Social Sciences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter sheds light on the long-standing history of the relationship between law and the human and social sciences in nineteenth- and twentieth-century France. This story has often been reduced to its most recent and academic development, that is, legal anthropology. However, focusing on this strictly contemporary, academic definition of anthropology risks overlooking the many and varied ways of thinking that, over the past two centuries and more, have shaped the relationship between law and the study of humanity. The authors suggest that such an approach obscures the depth and the variety of forms that this relationship took over time. This chapter documents the various ways that legal scholars in France—over the course of two centuries marked by the rise of codification and legal positivism—drew upon history, philology, ethnology, physical anthropology, and sociology, all in the pursuit of a more profound understanding of homo juridicus.

Korean Composers in Profile

Tempo ◽  
1995 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Babcock
Keyword(s):  
Visual Arts ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The People ◽  
Korean Composers ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

Ancient, ornately carved palaces in the midst of a megalopolis, the spirituality of delicate green Koryo celadon, an archaic traditional music as pungent (and delicious) as kimchi – once experienced, never forgotten. Add to these the city of Kyongju, called the ‘museum without walls’, the many reminders of a long history of suffering under Japanese oppression and the uninterrupted excellence of its poetry and visual arts, and one begins to feel Korea's special quality. The country is prosperous; education in all fields, including the arts, is given high priority. Contemporary life is vibrant and intense; the people possess a seemingly boundless capacity for hard work as well as for celebration, festivity, ceremony and mourning – and for music-making. Hardly surprising, then, that the compositional scene in the Republic of South Korea is booming, to say the least.

Depictions of the Moon in Western Visual Culture

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay M. Pasachoff ◽  
Roberta J.M. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
William Blake ◽  
Western World ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter ◽  
Caspar David Friedrich ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

Since the landmark lunar landing of Apollo 11 on July 20, 1969, NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (launched in 2009), and the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency’s Kaguya spacecraft (2007–2009), among other efforts, have now mapped the Moon’s surface. Before those technological advances and since the beginning of recorded time, people and civilizations have been entranced by Earth’s only natural satellite, which is the second-brightest celestial object visible in the sky from the surface of the planet. Selected examples, among thousands, show how the history of the Moon has been regarded, illustrated, and mapped in visual culture in the Western world. Early examples include representations of a formulaic crescent Moon in Babylonian times; later this dominant stylized depiction of the Moon gave way to more naturalistic images based on observation, culminating in Leonardo da Vinci’s manuscript drawings, which study the lunar structure and cratered surface, and Galileo Galilei’s first telescopic images of the Moon recorded in wash drawings and woodcuts for his book Sidereus Nuncius. Both the artistic and scientific visual acuity that made this evolution possible belonged to the burgeoning empiricism of the 14th through the 17th centuries, which eventually yielded modern observational astronomy and impacted lunar iconography. The subsequent dramatic mapping of the Moon’s surface and the naming of its features became a preoccupation of many astronomers and some artists, who assisted scientists in illustrating their work. With the seeming physical mapping of the Earth-facing side of the Moon well underway in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the function of Earth’s satellite as a Romantic symbol gained force in the all the arts but most dramatically in the works of landscape painters in Germany (e.g., Caspar David Friedrich and Carl Gustav Carus) and in England (e.g., Samuel Palmer). At the same time, William Blake, who was obsessed with astronomical imagery, used the Moon for expressive purposes, which reached a fever pitch later in the century in the work of Vincent Van Gogh. Along with the increasing accuracy of the Moon’s portrayal through both artists’ and scientists’ representations, the dramatic history of its mapping from Earth crescendoed with the development of photography and William Cranch Bond’s first successful daguerreotype of the Moon in 1851. Further exploration of the Moon, including its far side, has gravitated to aerospace engineers in cooperation with physicists, astronomers, mathematicians, and Apollo astronauts. Nevertheless, the Moon has remained an enduring object of fascination for artists—among the many, Surrealist Joan Miró, Veja Celmins, and Andy Warhol.

The Renaissance

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. King
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
European Expansion ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Arts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
Natural Boundaries ◽  
Classroom Use ◽  
The Middle Ages

The whole of the Oxford Bibliographies Renaissance and Reformation module is devoted to the period 1350–1650, one of the many possible time spans scholars use to denote the Renaissance era, and includes many entries pertaining to people, events, and movements associated with the Renaissance. This bibliography entry limits itself to the concept of the Renaissance: the monographs and articles that define it, debate its nature, and challenge its existence; general overviews of some aspects of the Renaissance; textbooks and sourcebooks suitable for classroom use; and journals and reference works useful for the exploration of the Renaissance as a whole. The concept of the Renaissance needs its own bibliography because its nature is not self-evident. The Renaissance does not have natural boundaries, as does Antiquity, which begins with the first civilizations and continues until the fall of Rome. Renaissance specialists do not agree on its chronological limits, although 1350 to 1650, or the somewhat longer period from Petrarch to Milton, is a designation with which many agree. Use of the term implies an interpretation of the nature of the Middle Ages, and the notion of a shift after 1300 from the main features of that era in the realms of culture, society, and politics. Most of those who employ the concept of the Renaissance see developments in thought and the arts as critical, but not as the sole elements in that transformation. Many medievalists have denied the existence of a Renaissance altogether, finding the roots of all its characteristic themes in the Middle Ages. Many scholars, especially of the later period (16th into the 18th centuries), prefer the term “early modern,” which seems to some more appropriately used when discussing European expansion, gender and sexuality, and even the modern state. But the editors of this Oxford Bibliographies module and most of its contributors find the concept of the Renaissance still to be indispensable, as denoting the era when, for the last time in the history of European civilization, the legacy of the Greco-Roman past was integrated with the firmly established Judeo-Christian one, thus reestablishing, on the threshold of modernity, its dual foundation.

scholarly journals Curiosity, interdisciplinarity, and giving back†

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1526-1535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary E Ommer
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Natural Science ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Fisheries Governance ◽  
Ocean Sciences ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Many

Abstract The pursuit of interdisciplinarity in the marine sciences is at last beginning to come into its own, but the kind of interdisciplinarity that bridges the social, human, health, and natural science realms remains rare. This article traces the evolution of my own history of interdisciplinarity from its early days when I worked in two disciplines, to the present when I have worked with many others to bring together the natural sciences, social sciences, humanities, and earth/ocean sciences in large projects that illuminate the interconnectedness of all these parts of knowledge acquisition. In the process, I have broadened my intellectual vision both in scope and scale, uncovering the many ways in which, quite pragmatically, the very local and the international are more tightly interconnected than is often realized, with all the implications for fisheries governance that that implies. This, then, is both a story and, I hope, a pathway to a rewarding way for young and middle-career fisheries scholars to pursue their research.

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