scholarly journals Characterization of the microbiome of the invasive Asian toad in Madagascar across the expansion range and comparison with a native co-occurring species

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11532
Author(s):  
Bárbara Santos ◽  
Molly C. Bletz ◽  
Joana Sabino-Pinto ◽  
Walter Cocca ◽  
Jean Francois Solofoniaina Fidy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Microhabitat Selection ◽  
Common Toad ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Expansion Range ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
Adaptation Processes

Biological invasions are on the rise, with each invader carrying a plethora of associated microbes. These microbes play important, yet poorly understood, ecological roles that can include assisting the hosts in colonization and adaptation processes or as possible pathogens. Understanding how these communities differ in an invasion scenario may help to understand the host’s resilience and adaptability. The Asian common toad, Duttaphrynus melanostictus is an invasive amphibian, which has recently established in Madagascar and is expected to pose numerous threats to the native ecosystems. We characterized the skin and gut bacterial communities of D. melanostictus in Toamasina (Eastern Madagascar), and compared them to those of a co-occurring native frog species, Ptychadena mascareniensis, at three sites where the toad arrived in different years. Microbial composition did not vary among sites, showing that D. melanostictus keeps a stable community across its expansion but significant differences were observed between these two amphibians. Moreover, D. melanostictus had richer and more diverse communities and also harboured a high percentage of total unique taxa (skin: 80%; gut: 52%). These differences may reflect the combination of multiple host-associated factors including microhabitat selection, skin features and dietary preferences.

CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE SOIL OF OASIS LARSEMANN HILLS, EASTERN ANTARCTICA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. CHEKIN ◽  
◽  
A.G. KUDINOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Larsemann Hills

Molecular characterization of the bacterial communities present in sheep's milk and cheese produced in South Brazilian Region via 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding sequencing

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 111579
Author(s):  
Creciana M. Endres ◽  
Ícaro Maia S. Castro ◽  
Laura D. Trevisol ◽  
Juliana M. Severo ◽  
Michele B. Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Rrna Gene

scholarly journals New Insights on the Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) Bacteriome

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 659
Author(s):  
Elias Asimakis ◽  
Panagiota Stathopoulou ◽  
Apostolis Sapounas ◽  
Kanjana Khaeso ◽  
Costas Batargias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Mutual Exclusion ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Host Diet ◽  
Dominant Bacteria ◽  
High Degree

Various factors, including the insect host, diet, and surrounding ecosystem can shape the structure of the bacterial communities of insects. We have employed next generation, high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA to characterize the bacteriome of wild Zeugodacus (Bactrocera) cucurbitae (Coquillett) flies from three regions of Bangladesh. The tested populations developed distinct bacterial communities with differences in bacterial composition, suggesting that geography has an impact on the fly bacteriome. The dominant bacteria belonged to the families Enterobacteriaceae, Dysgomonadaceae and Orbaceae, with the genera Dysgonomonas, Orbus and Citrobacter showing the highest relative abundance across populations. Network analysis indicated variable interactions between operational taxonomic units (OTUs), with cases of mutual exclusion and copresence. Certain bacterial genera with high relative abundance were also characterized by a high degree of interactions. Interestingly, genera with a low relative abundance like Shimwellia, Gilliamella, and Chishuiella were among those that showed abundant interactions, suggesting that they are also important components of the bacterial community. Such knowledge could help us identify ideal wild populations for domestication in the context of the sterile insect technique or similar biotechnological methods. Further characterization of this bacterial diversity with transcriptomic and metabolic approaches, could also reveal their specific role in Z. cucurbitae physiology.

The first sequenced Sphaerotilus natans bacteriophage– characterization and potential to control its filamentous bacterium host

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rute Ferreira ◽  
Rui Amado ◽  
Jorge Padrão ◽  
Vânia Ferreira ◽  
Nicolina M Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Lytic Phage ◽  
Filamentous Bacterium ◽  
Sphaerotilus Natans ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

ABSTRACT Bacteriophages (phages) are ubiquitous entities present in every conceivable habitat as a result of their bacterial parasitism. Their prevalence and impact in the ecology of bacterial communities and their ability to control pathogens make their characterization essential, particularly of new phages, improving knowledge and potential application. The isolation and characterization of a new lytic phage against Sphaerotilus natans strain DSM 6575, named vB_SnaP-R1 (SnaR1), is here described. Besides being the first sequenced genome of a Sphaerotilus natans infecting phage, 99% of its 41507 bp genome lacks homology with any other sequenced phage, revealing its uniqueness and previous lack of knowledge. Moreover, SnaR1 is the first Podoviridae phage described infecting this bacterium. Sphaerotilus natans is an important filamentous bacterium due to its deleterious effect on wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and thus, phages may play a role as novel biotechnological tools against filamentous overgrowth in WWTP. The lytic spectrum of SnaR1 was restricted to its host strain, infecting only one out of three S. natans strains and infection assays revealed its ability to reduce bacterial loads. Results suggest SnaR1 as the prototype of a new phage genus and demonstrates its potential as a non-chemical alternative to reduce S. natans DSM 6575 cells.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of amphibian SLC26A5 using RNA-Seq

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongying Wang ◽  
Qixuan Wang ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Zhiwu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
American Bullfrog ◽  
Frog Species

Abstract Background Prestin (SLC26A5) is responsible for acute sensitivity and frequency selectivity in the vertebrate auditory system. Limited knowledge of prestin is from experiments using site-directed mutagenesis or domain-swapping techniques after the amino acid residues were identified by comparing the sequence of prestin to those of its paralogs and orthologs. Frog prestin is the only representative in amphibian lineage and the studies of it were quite rare with only one species identified. Results Here we report a new coding sequence of SLC26A5 for a frog species, Rana catesbeiana (the American bullfrog). In our study, the SLC26A5 gene of Rana has been mapped, sequenced and cloned successively using RNA-Seq. We measured the nonlinear capacitance (NLC) of prestin both in the hair cells of Rana’s inner ear and HEK293T cells transfected with this new coding gene. HEK293T cells expressing Rana prestin showed electrophysiological features similar to that of hair cells from its inner ear. Comparative studies of zebrafish, chick, Rana and an ancient frog species showed that chick and zebrafish prestin lacked NLC. Ancient frog’s prestin was functionally different from Rana. Conclusions We mapped and sequenced the SLC26A5 of the Rana catesbeiana from its inner ear cDNA using RNA-Seq. The Rana SLC26A5 cDNA was 2292 bp long, encoding a polypeptide of 763 amino acid residues, with 40% identity to mammals. This new coding gene could encode a functionally active protein conferring NLC to both frog HCs and the mammalian cell line. While comparing to its orthologs, the amphibian prestin has been evolutionarily changing its function and becomes more advanced than avian and teleost prestin.

Seasonal Characterization of Bacterial Communities in Industrial Wastewater and Their Relationship with Flocculation Indices and Extracellular Polymeric Substances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco E. Franco ◽  
Birendra Dhungana ◽  
Kamphy Patel ◽  
Vanya Krahenbuhl ◽  
Michael Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances

Characterization of bacterial communities on stone monuments by molecular biology tools

2017 ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
F. Palla ◽  
L. Anello ◽  
S. Pecorella ◽  
R. Russo ◽  
F. Damiani
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Stone Monuments

Activated sludge population dynamics

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 159-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Selection Mechanisms ◽  
Sludge Settling

The paper briefly surveys topics covered by the IAWQ Specialist Group on Activated Sludge Population Dynamics. The activated sludge population dynamics has been formulated as a branch of water science and technology concerned with phenomena governing the relationships between activated sludge microorganisms and their functions. The characterization of organic pollution fractions in wastewaters according to their rate of biodegradation has been discussed and the role of wastewater as an inoculum stressed. The characterization of activated sludge biomass has been evaluated from two viewpoints: grouping according to metabolic abilities and identification and classification of activated sludge microorganisms. The basic selection mechanisms influencing the microbial composition of activated sludge have been described. The problems with activated sludge settling and thickening properties have been mentioned as a typical example of applied population dynamics research.

scholarly journals DNA Extraction and Host Depletion Methods Significantly Impact and Potentially Bias Bacterial Detection in a Biological Fluid

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Ganda ◽  
Kristen L. Beck ◽  
Niina Haiminen ◽  
Justin D. Silverman ◽  
Ban Kawas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Biological Fluid ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Bacterial Detection ◽  
Do So

Tracking the bacterial communities present in our food has the potential to inform food safety and product origin. To do so, the entire genetic material present in a sample is extracted using chemical methods or commercially available kits and sequenced using next-generation platforms to provide a snapshot of the microbial composition.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Gut Microbiota of Adult Mosquitoes From Eight Locations in Hainan, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Kang ◽  
Yanhong Wang ◽  
Siping Li ◽  
Xiaomei Sun ◽  
Xiangyang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Quality Filtering ◽  
And Function

The midgut microbial community composition, structure, and function of field-collected mosquitoes may provide a way to exploit microbial function for mosquito-borne disease control. However, it is unclear how adult mosquitoes acquire their microbiome, how the microbiome affects life history traits and how the microbiome influences community structure. We analyzed the composition of 501 midgut bacterial communities from field-collected adult female mosquitoes, including Aedes albopictus, Aedes galloisi, Culex pallidothorax, Culex pipiens, Culex gelidus, and Armigeres subalbatus, across eight habitats using the HiSeq 4000 system and the V3−V4 hyper-variable region of 16S rRNA gene. After quality filtering and rarefaction, a total of 1421 operational taxonomic units, belonging to 29 phyla, 44 families, and 43 genera were identified. Proteobacteria (75.67%) were the most common phylum, followed by Firmicutes (10.38%), Bacteroidetes (6.87%), Thermi (4.60%), and Actinobacteria (1.58%). The genera Rickettsiaceae (33.00%), Enterobacteriaceae (20.27%), Enterococcaceae (7.49%), Aeromonadaceae (7.00%), Thermaceae (4.52%), and Moraxellaceae (4.31%) were dominant in the samples analyzed and accounted for 76.59% of the total genera. We characterized the midgut bacterial communities of six mosquito species in Hainan province, China. The gut bacterial communities were different in composition and abundance, among locations, for all mosquito species. There were significant differences in the gut microbial composition between some species and substantial variation in the gut microbiota between individuals of the same mosquito species. There was a marked variation in different mosquito gut microbiota within the same location. These results might be useful in the identification of microbial communities that could be exploited for disease control.

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