scholarly journals CBF transcription factors involved in the cold response of Camellia japonica (Naidong)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglong Fan ◽  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Qinghua Liu ◽  
Yingkun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Camellia Japonica ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Camellia Species ◽  
High Level ◽  
Supergene Family

CBFs belong to the ERF subfamily of the AP2 supergene family and often play an important role in the cold acclimation of temperate plants. However, the role of CBFs in Camellia japonica (Naidong), the only Camellia japonica population found in the temperate zones of China, remains unclear. It is very important to study the genetic composition of C. japonica (Naidong) to adapt to low temperature for Camellia species. Using full-length transcriptome data, we identified four CjCBF genes that respond to cold stress and analyzed their evolutionary relationships, domains, and expression patterns. The phylogeny of CBFs of 19 angiosperms divided the genes into three categories, and the four CjCBFs belong to a small subcluster. The strong response of CjCBF1 to cold treatment and its sustained high level of expression indicated that it plays an important role in the process of cold acclimation. A yeast two-hybrid assay revealed an interaction between CjCBF1, CjCBF2, and CjCBF5, and subcellular localization confirmed this finding. The expression of CjCBFs was tissue-specific: CBF1 was mainly expressed in leaves, and CBF3 was mainly expressed in stem. The responses of the four CjCBFs to drought and high temperature and the effect of light were also characterized. Our study provides new insight into the role of CBFs in the cold response in C. japonica (Naidong).

The PINHEAD/ZWILLE gene acts pleiotropically in Arabidopsis development and has overlapping functions with the ARGONAUTE1 gene

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lynn ◽  
A. Fernandez ◽  
M. Aida ◽  
J. Sedbrook ◽  
M. Tasaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Bilateral Symmetry ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Apical Meristems ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristems ◽  
Positional Identity ◽  
Competence Factor ◽  
High Level

Several lines of evidence indicate that the adaxial leaf domain possesses a unique competence to form shoot apical meristems. Factors required for this competence are expected to cause a defect in shoot apical meristem formation when inactivated and to be expressed or active preferentially in the adaxial leaf domain. PINHEAD, a member of a family of proteins that includes the translation factor eIF2C, is required for reliable formation of primary and axillary shoot apical meristems. In addition to high-level expression in the vasculature, we find that low-level PINHEAD expression defines a novel domain of positional identity in the plant. This domain consists of adaxial leaf primordia and the meristem. These findings suggest that the PINHEAD gene product may be a component of a hypothetical meristem forming competence factor. We also describe defects in floral organ number and shape, as well as aberrant embryo and ovule development associated with pinhead mutants, thus elaborating on the role of PINHEAD in Arabidopsis development. In addition, we find that embryos doubly mutant for PINHEAD and ARGONAUTE1, a related, ubiquitously expressed family member, fail to progress to bilateral symmetry and do not accumulate the SHOOT MERISTEMLESS protein. Therefore PINHEAD and ARGONAUTE1 together act to allow wild-type growth and gene expression patterns during embryogenesis.

scholarly journals Genes underlying cold acclimation in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 958-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Samarina ◽  
L. S. Malyukova ◽  
M. V. Gvasaliya ◽  
A. M. Efremov ◽  
V. I. Malyarovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

The article reviews the latest studies showing the diversity of genetic mechanisms and gene families underlying the increased cold and frost tolerance of tea and other plant species. It has been shown that cell responses to chilling (0…+15°C) and freezing (< 0°C) are not the same and gene expression under cold stress is genotype-specific. In recent decades, progress has been made in understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying the cold response of plants – ICE1 (inducer of CBF expression 1), CBF (C-repeat-binding factor), COR (cold-regulated genes) pathways and signaling have been discovered. The ICE, CBF and DHN gene groups play a key role in the cold acclimation of the tea plant. The accumulation of CBF transcripts occurs after 15 min of chilling induction, and longer cold stress leads to accumulation of CBF transcripts. It is shown that the transcripts of the CsDHN1, CsDHN2 and CsDHN3 genes accumulate at a higher level in resistant genotypes of tea in comparison with susceptible cultivars during freezing. CBF-independent pathways include genes involved in metabolism and transcription factors such as HSFC1, ZAT12, CZF1, PLD (phospholipase D), WRKY, HD-Zip, CsLEA, LOX, NAC, HSP, which are widely distributed in plants and are involved in the basic mechanisms of tea resistance to cold and frost. The most recent studies show an important role of miRNA in the mechanisms of response to chilling and freezing in tea. The data obtained on different plant species may correlate with the mechanisms of frost tolerance of tea and are the basis for future studies of the signaling pathways of response to cold in the tea plant. The results of the research emphasize the need to further explore the ways in which various genes regulate the tolerance of tea to cold stress to find the molecular markers of frost tolerance.

scholarly journals Comparative Physiological Analysis Reveals the Role of NR-Derived Nitric Oxide in the Cold Tolerance of Forage Legumes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peipei Zhang ◽  
Shuangshuang Li ◽  
Pengcheng Zhao ◽  
Zhenfei Guo ◽  
Shaoyun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
No Production ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Model Legume ◽  
Nr Activity

The role of nitric oxide (NO) signaling in the cold acclimation of forage legumes was investigated in this study. Medicago sativa subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang. (hereafter M. falcata) is a forage legume with a higher cold tolerance than Medicago truncatula, a model legume. Cold acclimation treatment resulted in increased cold tolerance in both M. falcata and M. truncatula, which was suppressed by pretreatment with tungstate, an inhibitor of nitrate reductase (NR), and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO), a scavenger of NO. Likely, NITRATE REDUCTASE 1 (NIA1), but not NIA2 transcript, NR activity, and NO production were increased after cold treatment. Treatments with exogenous NO donors resulted in increased cold tolerance in both species. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate-peroxidase (APX) activities and Cu,Zn-SOD2, Cu,Zn-SOD3, cytosolic APX1 (cAPX1), cAPX3 and chloroplastic APX1 (cpAPX1) transcript levels were induced in both species after cold treatment, which was suppressed by tungstate and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl 3-oxide (PTIO). Treatment with exogenous NO resulted in enhanced activities of SOD, CAT, and APX. Moreover, higher levels of NIA1 transcript, NR activity, NO production, and antioxidant enzyme activities and transcripts were observed in M. falcata as compared with M. truncatula after cold treatment. The results suggest that NR-derived NO production and upregulated antioxidant defense are involved in cold acclimation in both species, while the higher levels of NO production and its derived antioxidant enzymes are associated with the higher cold tolerance in M. falcata as compared with M. truncatula.

Molecular cloning and characterization of cold-responsive gene Cbrci35 from Capsella bursa-pastoris

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Lin ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Xuanwei Zhou ◽  
Xinglong Wang ◽  
Mingzhu Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Leucine Zipper ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sequence Motif ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Rapid Amplification ◽  
High Level

AbstractA new rare cold-inducible (RCI) gene designated Cbrci35 was cloned from Capsella bursa-pastoris, an edible wild herb, using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The full-length cDNA of Cbrci35 (Database Accession No.: AY566573) was 1300 bp and contained a 978 bp ORF encoding a precursor of 326 amino acid residues with a 23 amino acids signal peptide. The predicted Cbrci35 protein contained a peroxidase active site and proximal heme-ligand signatures, an RGD cell attachment sequence motif and two leucine zipper pattern motifs. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Cbrci35 has a high level of similarity with RCI genes from Arabidopsis thaliana and peroxidases genes from other plants. RT-PCR analysis revealed that Cbrci35 expressed only in root. A cold acclimation assay showed that Cbrci35 was expressed immediately after cold triggering, but this expression was transient, suggesting that it concerns cold acclimation. But expression was not induced exposed to dehydration, salt stress or abscisic acid, indicating that it might be subjected specifically to cold regulation. These results indicate that Cbrci35 is an analogue of RCI genes and may participate in cold-response or increasing the freezing tolerance of plants.

scholarly journals New Insights into the Roles of Osmanthus Fragrans Heat-Shock Transcription Factors in Cold and Other Stress Responses

Horticulturae ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Jing Bin ◽  
Meilin Zhu ◽  
Huifen Ding ◽  
Zhouying Zai ◽  
Tingting Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Negative Regulator ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Osmanthus Fragrans

Sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans) is an evergreen woody plant that emits a floral aroma and is widely used in the landscape and fragrance industries. However, its application and cultivation regions are limited by cold stress. Heat-shock transcription factor (HSF) family members are widely present in plants and participate in, and regulate, the defense processes of plants under various abiotic stress conditions, but now, the role of this family in the responses of O. fragrans to cold stress is still not clear. Here, 46 OfHSF members were identified in the O. fragrans genome and divided into three subfamilies on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis. The promoter regions of most OfHSFs contained many cis-acting elements involved in multiple hormonal and abiotic stresses. RNA-seq data revealed that most of OfHSF genes were differentially expressed in various tissues, and some OfHSF members were induced by cold stress. The qRT-PCR analysis identified four OfHSFs that were induced by both cold and heat stresses, in which OfHSF11 and OfHSF43 had contrary expression trends under cold stress conditions and their expression patterns both showed recovery tendencies after the cold stress. OfHSF11 and OfHSF43 localized to the nuclei and their expression patterns were also induced under multiple abiotic stresses and hormonal treatments, indicating that they play critical roles in responses to multiple stresses. Furthermore, after a cold treatment, transient expression revealed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of OfHSF11-transformed tobacco significantly increased, and the expression levels of cold-response regulatory gene NbDREB3, cold response gene NbLEA5 and ROS detoxification gene NbCAT were significantly inhibited, implying that OfHSF11 is a negative regulator of cold responses in O. fragrans. Our study contributes to the further functional characterization of OfHSFs and will be useful in developing improved cold-tolerant cultivars of O. fragrans.

scholarly journals Expression of Heat-stable and Putative Dehydrin Proteins during Nonacclimated and Cold-acclimated Conditions in Several Tuber-bearing Solanum Species

1999 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn H. Karlsson ◽  
Jiwan P. Palta
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Solanum Species ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Quantitative Expression ◽  
Stressful Environment ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Heat Stable Protein ◽  
Cold Sensitive

Recent studies suggest cold-regulated heat-stable proteins mitigate the potential damaging effects of low water activity associated with freezing. A proposed function of these proteins is stabilization of enzymes during exposure of plants to subzero temperatures. To test this hypothesis for tuber-bearing Solanum L. species we determined the quantitative expression of heat-stable proteins, the qualitative changes in dehydrin proteins, and the capacity of heat-stable proteins to cryoprotect a freeze-thaw labile enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). We used five tuber-bearing Solanum species (S. tuberosum L. `Red Pontiac', S. acaule Bitter, S. sanctae rosea Hawkes, S. commersonii Dunal, and S. cardiophyllum Bitter), which vary in nonacclimated relative freezing tolerance (NA RFT), acclimated relative freezing tolerance (AC RFT), and acclimation capacity (ACC). The protein fraction containing a mixture of heat-stable proteins demonstrated cryoprotective capacities greater or equal to other cryoprotective compounds (bovine serum albumin, polyethylene glycol, glycerol, and sucrose). Heat-stable proteins extracted from acclimated S. commersonii had superior cryoprotective capacity than those extracted from nonacclimated S. commersonii plants. Interestingly, in the presence of these proteins extracted from acclimated plants (in S. commersonii and S. sanctae rosea), LDH activity was elevated above that of unfrozen controls. No quantitative relationships were found between heat-stable protein concentration and NA RFT, AC RFT, or ACC among the five species. This was also true for dehydrin protein expression. Cold acclimation treatment resulted in increased dehydrin expression for acclimating and nonacclimating species. In three of the cold acclimating species (S. acaule, S. sanctae rosea, and S. commersonii), an increase in dehydrin expression may play a role in increased freezing tolerance during cold acclimation. In the cold sensitive, nonacclimating species (S. tuberosum and S. cardiophyllum), however, an increase in dehydrin level maybe related to the response of these species to changed (perhaps stressful) environment during cold treatment. By exploiting the genetic variation in NA RFT and ACC for five tuber-bearing species, we were able to gain new insight into the complexity of the relationship between heat-stable protein and cold response.

Conserved patterns of alternative splicing in response to cold acclimation in fish

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Healy ◽  
Patricia M. Schulte
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Qualitative Changes

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity is an important aspect of an organism’s response to environmental change that often requires the modulation of gene expression. These changes in gene expression can be quantitative as a result of increases or decreases in the amounts of specific transcripts, or qualitative as a result of the expression of alternative transcripts from the same gene (e.g., via alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs). Although the role of quantitative changes in gene expression in phenotypic plasticity is well known, relatively few studies have examined the role of qualitative changes. Here, we use skeletal muscle RNA-seq data from Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus), threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio) to investigate the extent of qualitative changes in gene expression in response to cold. Fewer genes demonstrated alternative splicing than differential expression as a result of cold acclimation; however, differences in splicing were detected for between 426 and 866 genes depending on species, indicating that large numbers of qualitative changes in gene expression are associated with cold acclimation. Many of these alternatively spliced genes were also differentially expressed, and there was functional enrichment for involvement in muscle contraction among the genes demonstrating qualitative changes in response to cold acclimation. Additionally, there was a common group of 29 genes with cold-acclimation-mediated changes in splicing in all three species, suggesting that there may be a conserved set of genes with expression patterns that respond qualitatively to prolonged cold temperatures across fishes.Summary statementQualitative changes in gene expression, such as those mediated by alternative splicing of mRNAs, are involved in phenotypic plasticity in response to prolonged cold acclimation in ectothermic animals

scholarly journals Co-regulation role of endogenous hormones and transcriptomics profiling under cold stress in Tetrastigma hemsleyanum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Peng ◽  
Wenyu Qiu ◽  
Mingjie Li ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Hongjiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Tetrastigma Hemsleyanum ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Chilling Sensitivity ◽  
Steep Decline

Abstract Background: Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg is a valuable medicinal herb, Chilling sensitivity is the dominant environmental factor limiting the artificial domestication of the plant. Hormone-related gene regulation and hormone signaling pathways in response to cold stress in T. hemsleyanum remain unknown. Results: Some key genes involved in hormones biosynthesis, such as ZEP and NCED genes of ABA biosynthesis, GA2ox, GA3ox, and GA20ox genes of GA biosynthesis, ACO genes of ET biosynthesis pathway were screened to be crucial in cold response. Consistently, the response of ABA and ABA/GA1+3 to cold stress was prior to that of GA1+3, ZR, ABA/IAA, and ABA/ZR. The increasing changes in ABA/GA1+3 turned to a steep decline with the extension of stress time, which might be one factor contributing to cold-sensitivity of T. hemsleyanum under prolonged stress. The cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum would be enhanced by ABA but repressed by GA3 when each phytohormone was applied alone. The ABA-mediated promotion and GA-mediated repression of cold tolerance could both be attenuated by the co-application of the two phytohormones within 6h. When the biosynthesis of endogenous ABA and GA were inhibited by FLU and PAC, respectively, the effects of GA and ABA treatment were reversed partially. Conclusions: In summary, we presented the first study of global expression patterns of hormone-regulated transcripts in T. hemsleyanum. This study suggested that GA and ABA could work antagonistically to balance the responses to cold in T. hemsleyanum. PAC, a GA biogenesis inhibitor, as well as exogenous ABA, might be potential plant growth regulators that can promote cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum. The study also provided valuable hints in revealing a new theoretical basis and potential candidate genes that govern cold tolerance of T. hemsleyanum.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis thaliana eIF4E1 and eIF(iso)4E Participate in Cold Response and Promote Translation of Some Stress-Related mRNAs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenia Salazar-Díaz ◽  
Mayra Aquino-Luna ◽  
Eloísa Hernández-Lucero ◽  
Brenda Nieto-Rivera ◽  
Marlon A. Pulido-Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Mrna Translation ◽  
Cold Response ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Gene Expression Control ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Processing Stability

Plant defense and adaptation to adverse environmental conditions rely on gene expression control, such as mRNA transcription, processing, stability, and translation. Sudden temperature changes are common in the era of global warming; thus, understanding plant acclimation responses at the molecular level becomes imperative. mRNA translation initiation regulation has a pivotal role in achieving the synthesis of the appropriate battery of proteins needed to cope with temperature stress. In this study, we analyzed the role of translation initiation factors belonging to the eIF4E family in Arabidopsis acclimation to cold temperatures and freezing tolerance. Using knockout (KO) and overexpressing mutants of AteIF4E1 or AteIF(iso)4E, we found that AteIF4E1 but not AteIF(iso)4E overexpressing lines displayed enhanced tolerance to freezing without previous acclimation at 4°C. However, KO mutant lines, eif(iso)4e-1 and eif4e1-KO, were more sensitive to the stress. Cold acclimation in wild-type plants was accompanied by increased levels of eIF4E1 and eIF(iso)4E transcript levels, polysomes (P) enrichment, and shifts of these factors from translationally non-active to active fractions. Transcripts, previously found as candidates for eIF(iso)4E or eIF4E1 selective translation, changed their distribution in both P and total RNA in the presence of cold. Some of these transcripts changed their polysomal distribution in the mutant and one eIF4E1 overexpressing line. According to this, we propose a role of eIF4E1 and eIF(iso)4E in cold acclimation and freezing tolerance by regulating the expression of stress-related genes.

Searching for ‘success’: generation, gender and onward migration in the Iranian diaspora

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Onward Migration ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Transnational Social Fields ◽  
High Level ◽  
Iranian Diaspora

This article uses the concepts of ‘transnational social fields’ and ‘habitus’ to explore the multifaceted role families play in shaping the aspirations of onward migrating youth. The article draws on biographical life history interviews conducted with the children of Iranian migrants who were raised in Sweden but moved to London, UK as adults. The findings of the study suggest that from a young age, all the participants were pressured by their parents to perform well academically, and to achieve high level careers. These goals were easier to achieve in London than in Sweden for several reasons. Interestingly, however, participants’ understandings of what constituted success and their motivations for onward migration were nuanced and varied considerably by gender. The study contributes to an understanding of the role of multi-sited transnational social fields in shaping the aspirations of migrant youths, as well as the strategies taken up by these migrants to achieve their goals.

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