New Insights into the Roles of Osmanthus Fragrans Heat-Shock Transcription Factors in Cold and Other Stress Responses

Sweet osmanthus (Osmanthus fragrans) is an evergreen woody plant that emits a floral aroma and is widely used in the landscape and fragrance industries. However, its application and cultivation regions are limited by cold stress. Heat-shock transcription factor (HSF) family members are widely present in plants and participate in, and regulate, the defense processes of plants under various abiotic stress conditions, but now, the role of this family in the responses of O. fragrans to cold stress is still not clear. Here, 46 OfHSF members were identified in the O. fragrans genome and divided into three subfamilies on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis. The promoter regions of most OfHSFs contained many cis-acting elements involved in multiple hormonal and abiotic stresses. RNA-seq data revealed that most of OfHSF genes were differentially expressed in various tissues, and some OfHSF members were induced by cold stress. The qRT-PCR analysis identified four OfHSFs that were induced by both cold and heat stresses, in which OfHSF11 and OfHSF43 had contrary expression trends under cold stress conditions and their expression patterns both showed recovery tendencies after the cold stress. OfHSF11 and OfHSF43 localized to the nuclei and their expression patterns were also induced under multiple abiotic stresses and hormonal treatments, indicating that they play critical roles in responses to multiple stresses. Furthermore, after a cold treatment, transient expression revealed that the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of OfHSF11-transformed tobacco significantly increased, and the expression levels of cold-response regulatory gene NbDREB3, cold response gene NbLEA5 and ROS detoxification gene NbCAT were significantly inhibited, implying that OfHSF11 is a negative regulator of cold responses in O. fragrans. Our study contributes to the further functional characterization of OfHSFs and will be useful in developing improved cold-tolerant cultivars of O. fragrans.

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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Heat-Shock Transcription Factors in Rubber Tree

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10121157 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Wencai Yu ◽

Yueyi Chen ◽

Shuguang Yang ◽

Shaohua Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factors ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Protein Motifs ◽

Heat Shock Transcription Factors ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Cold Tolerant ◽

Oligomerization Domain

Heat-shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play a pivotal role in the response of plants to various stresses. The present study aimed to characterize the Hsf genes in the rubber tree, a primary global source of natural rubber. In this study, 30 Hsf genes were identified in the rubber tree using genome-wide analysis. They possessed a structurally conserved DNA-binding domain and an oligomerization domain. On the basis of the length of the insert region between HR-A and HR-B in the oligomerization domain, the 30 members were clustered into three classes, Classes A (18), B (10), and C (2). Members within the same class shared highly conserved gene structures and protein motifs. The background expression levels of 11 genes in cold-tolerant rubber-tree clone 93-14 were significantly higher than those in cold-sensitive rubber-tree clone Reken501, while four genes exhibited inverse expression patterns. Upon cold stress, 20 genes were significantly upregulated in 93-114. Of the upregulated genes, HbHsfA2b, HbHsfA3a, and HbHsfA7a were also significantly upregulated in three other cold-tolerant rubber-tree clones at one or more time intervals upon cold stress. Their nuclear localization was verified, and the protein–protein interaction network was predicted. This study provides a basis for dissecting Hsf function in the enhanced cold tolerance of the rubber tree.

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MsSAMS, A Cold Stress-responsive Gene, Imparts Resistance to Environmental Stress Even in T2 Generation Transgenic Plants

10.21203/rs.3.rs-177515/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hye Lim Choi ◽

Ji Won Seo ◽

Myeong Ha Hwang ◽

Chang Yeon Yu ◽

Eun Soo Seong

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Transgenic Plants ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Transgenic Line ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Environmental Stresses ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Miscanthus Sinensis ◽

Ion Leakage ◽

Adenosylmethionine Synthetase

Abstract This study was conducted to test the expression of the MsSAMS (Miscanthus sinensis S-adenosylmethionine synthetase) gene of T2 generation transgenic plants and to investigate their resistance and functionality to various environmental stresses. SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) revealed that the thickest leaves were from the T6 transgenic line, at 161.24 ± 8.05 µm. Resistance to various factors such as low temperature, drought, and oxidative stress in the T2 generation transgenic plants was also confirmed. Under cold stress conditions, the T6 transgenic line showed the lowest value (22.73%) of ion leakage, and under drought stress conditions, the transgenic lines showed lower ion leakage compared to the control after treatment with any concentration of mannitol. Even under oxidative stress conditions, transgenic plants showed lower ion leakage levels compared to the control after treatment with all concentrations of methyl viologen. Regarding SAMS enzyme activity, as the time of cold treatment increased, the transgenic plants showed a tendency to decrease and then increase (22.75 ± 1.95 mg/ g-FW). Based on these results, it was suggested that the MsSAMS gene induced by cold stress can serve as a marker showing diversity of responding to environmental stresses because resistance to cold damage and various environmental stresses are stably inherited by the T2 generation.

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Light Regulates the Cytokinin-Dependent Cold Stress Responses in Arabidopsis

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2020.608711 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Sylva Prerostova ◽

Martin Černý ◽

Petre I. Dobrev ◽

Vaclav Motyka ◽

Lucia Hluskova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Cytokinin Oxidase ◽

Low Light ◽

Cold Response ◽

The Impact ◽

Effect Of Light

To elucidate the effect of light intensity on the cold response (5°C; 7 days) in Arabidopsis thaliana, we compared the following parameters under standard light (150 μmol m–2 s–1), low light (20 μmol m–2 s–1), and dark conditions: membrane damage, photosynthetic parameters, cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) activity, phytohormone levels, and transcription of selected stress- and hormone-related genes and proteome. The impact of cytokinins (CKs), hormones directly interacting with the light signaling pathway, on cold responses was evaluated using transformants overexpressing CK biosynthetic gene isopentenyl transferase (DEX:IPT) or CK degradation gene HvCKX2 (DEX:CKX) under a dexamethasone-inducible promoter. In wild-type plants, cold treatment under light conditions caused down-regulation of CKs (in shoots) and auxin, while abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonates, and salicylic acid (SA) were up-regulated, especially under low light. Cold treatment in the dark strongly suppressed all phytohormones, except ABA. DEX:IPT plants showed enhanced stress tolerance associated with elevated CK and SA levels in shoots and auxin in apices. Contrarily, DEX:CKX plants had weaker stress tolerance accompanied by lowered levels of CKs and auxins. Nevertheless, cold substantially diminished the impact from the inserted genes. Cold stress in dark minimized differences among the genotypes. Cold treatments in light strongly up-regulated stress marker genes RD29A, especially in roots, and CBF1-3 in shoots. Under control conditions, their levels were higher in DEX:CKX plants, but after 7-day stress, DEX:IPT plants exhibited the highest transcription. Transcription of genes related to CK metabolism and signaling showed a tendency to re-establish, at least partially, CK homeostasis in both transformants. Up-regulation of strigolactone-related genes in apices and leaves indicated their role in suppressing shoot growth. The analysis of leaf proteome revealed over 20,000 peptides, representing 3,800 proteins and 2,212 protein families (data available via ProteomeXchange, identifier PXD020480). Cold stress induced proteins involved in ABA and jasmonate metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, and enzymes of flavonoid and glucosinolate biosynthesis. DEX:IPT plants up-regulated phospholipase D and MAP-kinase 4. Cold stress response at the proteome level was similar in all genotypes under optimal light intensity, differing significantly under low light. The data characterized the decisive effect of light–CK cross-talk in the regulation of cold stress responses.

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Characterization and abiotic stress-responsive expression analysis of SGT1 genes in Brassica oleracea

Genome ◽

10.1139/gen-2015-0128 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 243-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ashokraj Shanmugam ◽

Senthil Kumar Thamilarasan ◽

Jong-In Park ◽

Mi Young Jung ◽

Ill-Sup Nou

Keyword(s):

Brassica Oleracea ◽

Expression Analysis ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Target Genes ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Strong Association ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Plant Responses ◽

Functional Domain ◽

Specific Expression

SGT1 genes are involved in enhancing plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Brassica oleracea is known to contain two types of SGT1 genes, namely suppressor of G2 allele of SKP1 and suppressor of GCR2. In this study, through systematic analysis, four putative SGT1 genes were identified and characterized in B. oleracea. In phylogenetic analysis, the genes clearly formed separate groups, namely BolSGT1a, BolSGT1b (both suppressor of G2 allele of SKP1 types), and BolSGT1 (suppressor of GCR2). Functional domain analysis and organ-specific expression patterns suggested possible roles for BolSGT1 genes during stress conditions. BolSGT1 genes showed significant changes in expression in response to heat, cold, drought, salt, or ABA treatment. Interaction network analysis supported the expression analysis, and showed that the BolSGT1a and BolSGT1b genes are strongly associated with co-regulators during stress conditions. However, the BolSGT1 gene did not show any strong association. Hence, BolSGT1 might be a stress resistance-related gene that functions without a co-regulator. Our results show that BolSGT1 genes are potential target genes to improve B. oleracea resistance to abiotic stresses such as heat, cold, and salt.

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iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo var. saccharinus) after cold storage

10.21203/rs.2.20012/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Wen Song ◽

Fengxian Tang ◽

Wenchao Cai ◽

Qin Zhang ◽

Fake Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cold Stress ◽

Cold Tolerance ◽

Proteomic Analysis ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Chilling Injury ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Cold Response ◽

Low Temperature Storage ◽

Metabolic Analysis

Abstract Background: During the low temperature storage, cantaloupe is susceptible to the cold stress, resulting in the loss of edible and commercial quality. To ascertain the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance in cantaloupe, cold-sensitive cultivar Goldqueen-308 (GE) and cold-tolerant cultivar Jiashi-310 (JS) were used for quantitative proteomic analysis with iTRAQ in parallel. Results: In this work, two commercial cultivars were treated at 0.5℃ for 0, 12 and 24 days. Phenotypes assays showed that GE suffered a more severe damage as the cold treatment time extended. Proteomic analysis revealed that the number of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) changed significantly over time in cold-exposed cantaloupe. Comparing with GE, JS responded in a prompter manner in terms of expressing cold-responding proteins during the similarly cold treatment. Furthermore, much more different groups of proteins were mobilized in response to the cold treatment in JS comparing with GE. Metabolic analysis indicated that more amino acids were up-regulated in JS during the early phases of cold stress. This study also identified some DEPs since they were up-regulated in JS or down-regulated in GE in terms of molecular mechanisms, which were mainly related to carbohydrate and energy metabolism, structure proteins, ROS scavening, amino acid metabolic and signaling transduction. Moreover, iTRAQ analysis was confirmed to be reliable via the results of phenotypes assays, metabolic analysis and q-PCR validation. Conclusion: By proteomics information,we found that the prompt response and the significant mobilization of proteins in JS maintained a higher level of cold tolerance, and the delay of cold response in GE could be a critical reason for the severe chilling injury. The candidate proteins we found will be the basis of future studies for further investigations and our findings may help to better understand the novel mechanisms of cold tolerance in cantaloupe.

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Genome-Wide Analysis and Expression Profiling of the Heat Shock Factor Gene Family in Phyllostachys edulis during Development and in Response to Abiotic Stresses

Forests ◽

10.3390/f10020100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 100 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lihua Xie ◽

Xiangyu Li ◽

Dan Hou ◽

Zhanchao Cheng ◽

Jun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Shock ◽

Gene Family ◽

Protein Interaction ◽

Structural Characteristics ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Moso Bamboo ◽

Phyllostachys Edulis ◽

Class A

Heat shock transcription factors (Hsfs) play crucial roles in regulating plant responses to heat and other stresses, as well as in plant development. As the largest monopodial bamboo species in the world, how to adapt to various stresses under the background of global climate change is very important for the sustainable development of bamboo forest. However, our understanding of the function of Hsfs in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is limited. In this study, a total of 22 non-redundant Hsf genes were identified in the moso bamboo genome. Structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis revealed that members of the PheHsf family can be clustered into three classes (A, B and C). Furthermore, PheHsfs promoters contained a number of stress-, hormone- and development-related cis-acting elements. Transcriptome analysis indicated that most PheHsfs participate in rapid shoot growth and flower development in moso bamboo. Moreover, the expression patterns of all 12 members of class A were analyzed under various stresses (heat, drought, salt and cold treatment) through Figurereal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Within the class A PheHsf members, PheHsfA1a was expressed mainly during moso bamboo development. Expression of four PheHsfA4s and one PheHsfA2 (PheHsfA4a-1, PheHsfA4a-2, PheHsfA4d-1, PheHsfA4d-2, and PheHsfA2a-2) was up-regulated in response to various stresses. PheHsfA2a-2, PheHsfA4d-1 and PheHsfA4d-2 were strongly induced respectively by heat, drought and NaCl stress. Through co-expression analysis we found that two hub genes PheHsfA4a-2 and PheHsfA4a-1 were involved in a complex protein interaction network. Based on the prediction of protein interaction networks, five PheHsfAs (PheHsfA4a-1, PheHsfA4a-2, PheHsfA4d-1, PheHsfA4d-2, and PheHsfA2a-2) were predicted to play an important role in flower and shoot development and abiotic stress response of moso bamboo. This study provides an overview of the complexity of the PheHsf gene family and a basis for analyzing the functions of PheHsf genes of interest.

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Acclimation, priming and memory in the response of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings to cold stress

10.1101/848606 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Erik Leuendorf ◽

Manuel Frank ◽

Thomas Schmülling

Keyword(s):

Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Physiological State ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Freezing Resistance ◽

Cold Response ◽

Stress Memory ◽

The Impact

Because stress experiences are often recurrent plants have developed strategies to remember a first so-called priming stress to eventually respond more effectively to a second triggering stress. Here, we have studied the impact of discontinuous or sustained cold stress (4 °C) on in vitro grown Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings of different age and their ability to get primed and respond differently to a later triggering stress. Cold treatment of 7-d-old seedlings induced the expression of cold response genes but did not cause a significantly enhanced freezing resistance. The competence to increase the freezing resistance in response to cold was associated with the formation of true leaves. Discontinuous exposure to cold only during the night led to a stepwise modest increase in freezing tolerance provided that the intermittent phase at ambient temperature was less than 32 h. Seedlings exposed to sustained cold treatment developed a higher freezing tolerance which was further increased in response to a triggering stress during three days after the priming treatment had ended indicating cold memory. Interestingly, in all scenarios the primed state was lost as soon as the freezing tolerance had reached the level of naïve plants indicating that an effective memory was associated with an altered physiological state. Known mutants of the cold stress response (cbfs, erf105) and heat stress memory (fgt1) did not show an altered behaviour indicating that their roles do not extend to memory of cold stress.

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Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the Cucumber PP2C Genes Family

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1133107/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Guobin Zhang ◽

Zeyu Zhang ◽

Shilei Luo ◽

Xia Li ◽

Jian Lyu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Family ◽

Gene Structure ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Negative Regulator ◽

Motif Analysis ◽

Response Elements ◽

Genome Wide ◽

A Genome ◽

Duplication Events

Abstract Background: Type 2C protein phosphatase (PP2Cs) is a negative regulator of ABA signaling pathway, which play important roles in stress signal transduction in plants. However, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), as an important economic vegetable, has little research on its PP2C genes family. Results: This study conducted a genome-wide investigation of CsPP2C gene family. Through bioinformatics analysis, 56 CsPP2C genes were identified in cucumber. Based on phylogenetic analysis, the PP2C genes of cucumber and Arabidopsis were divided into 13 groups. Gene structure and conserved motif analysis showed that CsPP2C genes in the same group had similar gene structure and conserved domains. Collinearity analysis showed that segmental duplication events played a key role in the expansion of cucumber PP2C genes family. In addition, the expression of CsPP2Cs under different abiotic treatments was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results showed that CsPP2C family genes showed different expression patterns under ABA, drought, salt and cold treatment, and a significantly responsive gene CsPP2Cs was obtained (CsPP2C3). By predicting the cis-elements in the promoter, we found that all CsPP2C members contained ABA response elements (ABRE) and drought response elements (MYC). Additionally, the expression patterns of CsPP2C genes were specific in different tissues. Conclusions: The results of this study provide a reference for the genome-wide identification of PP2C gene family in other species, and provide a basis for future studies on the function of PP2C gene in cucumber.

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The Influence of Abiotic Stress Factors on the Morphophysiological and Phytochemical Aspects of the Acclimation of the Plant Rhodiola semenowii Boriss

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061196 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1196

Author(s):

Nina V. Terletskaya ◽

Nazym K. Korbozova ◽

Nataliya O. Kudrina ◽

Tatyana N. Kobylina ◽

Meruert S. Kurmanbayeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photosystem Ii ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Stress Factors ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Quantitative Composition ◽

Plant Tissues

Plants of the Crassulaceae family are natural accumulators of many medicinal secondary metabolites (SM). This article describes the study of morphophysiological, anatomic and phytochemical responses of immature plants of Rhodiolla semenovii under water deficit and (or) cold-stress conditions. Changes in biomass production due to water content in plant tissues such as a decrease in water deficit and an increase in cold stress were revealed. A significant decrease in the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus under stress conditions was noted, based on the parameters quantum efficiency of Photosystem II and electron transport rate and energy dissipated in Photosystem II. The greatest decrease in efficiency was pointed out in conditions of water shortage. The anatomical modulations of root and shoot of R. semenovii under stress conditions were found. For the first time, a detailed study of the chemical composition of the ethanol extract of root and shoot of R. semenovii under stress was carried out using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The qualitative and quantitative composition of SM associated with acclimation to the effects of abiotic stresses was determined. Both nonspecific and specific phytochemical changes caused by the action of water deficiency and cold treatment were identified. It has been shown that the antioxidant system in plant tissues is complex, multicomponent, depending on a number of natural and climatic factors. Further research should be focused on the use of abiotic stressors for the targeted synthesis of bioactive SMs valuable for pharmaceutical use.

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GhGLK1 a Key Candidate Gene From GARP Family Enhances Cold and Drought Stress Tolerance in Cotton

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.759312 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jiangna Liu ◽

Teame Gereziher Mehari Mehari ◽

Yanchao Xu ◽

Muhammud Jaward Umer ◽

Yuqing Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Cold Stress ◽

Candidate Gene ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Cold Treatment ◽

Leaf Damage ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Drought Stress Tolerance ◽

Wild Cotton

Drought and low-temperature stresses are the most prominent abiotic stresses affecting cotton. Wild cotton being exposed to harsh environments has more potential to cope with both biotic and abiotic stresses. Exploiting wild cotton material to induce resistant germplasm would be of greater interest. The candidate gene was identified in the BC2F2 population among Gossypium tomentosum and Gossypium hirsutum as wild male donor parent noted for its drought tolerance and the recurrent parent and a high yielding but drought susceptible species by genotyping by sequencing (GBS) mapping. Golden2-like (GLK) gene, which belongs to the GARP family, is a kind of plant-specific transcription factor (TF) that was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Silencing of GhGLK1 in cotton results in more damage to plants under drought and cold stress as compared with wild type (WT). The overexpression of GhGLK1 in Arabidopsis thaliana showed that the overexpressing plants showed more adaptability than the WT after drought and cold treatments. The results of trypan blue and 3,3′-diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining showed that after drought and cold treatment, the leaf damage in GhGLK1 overexpressed plants was less as compared with the WT, and the ion permeability was also lower. This study suggested that the GhGLK1 gene may be involved in the regulation of drought and cold stress response in cotton. Our current research findings add significantly to the existing knowledge of cold and drought stress tolerance in cotton.

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