scholarly journals First Guatemalan record of natural hybridisation between Neotropical species of the Lady’s Slipper orchid (Orchidaceae, Cypripedioideae)

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz L. Szlachetko ◽  
Marta Kolanowska ◽  
Fred Muller ◽  
Jay Vannini ◽  
Joanna Rojek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Natural Hybridisation ◽  
Slipper Orchid

The first natural hybrid in the sectionIrapeanaof the orchid genusCypripediumis described and illustrated based on Guatemalan material. A molecular evaluation of the discovery is provided. Specimens with intermediate flowers betweenC. irapeanumandC. dickinsonianumwithin ITS andXdhsequences have the signal sequence of both these species. The analysis of plastid sequences indicated that the maternal line isC. irapeanum. Information about the ecology, embryology and conservation status of the novelty is given, together with a distribution map of its parental species,C. irapeanumandC. dickinsonianum. A discussion of the hybridization betweenCypripediumspecies is presented. The potential hybrid zones between the representatives ofCypripediumsectionIrapeanawhich were estimated based on the results of ecological niche modeling analysis are located in the Maya Highlands (C. dickinsonianumandC. irapeanum) and the eastern part of Southern Sierra Madre (C. molleandC. irapeanum). Moreover, all threeCypripediumspecies could inhabit Cordillera Neovolcánica according to the obtained models; however, it should be noticed that this region is well-distanced from the edges of the known geographical range ofC. molle.

Introgressive hybridization between Brahea dulcis and Brahea nitida (Arecaceae) in Mexico: evidence from morphological and PCR–RAPD patterns

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 545-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ramírez-Rodríguez ◽  
E. Tovar-Sánchez ◽  
J. Jiménez Ramírez ◽  
K. Vega Flores ◽  
V. Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Sympatric Populations ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Gene introgression usually results from spontaneous hybridization among closely related species in sympatric populations. This phenomenon has recently become a frequent topic of interest in evolutionary and conservation biology. A palm species complex occurring in Mexico formed by two native species, Brahea dulcis (Kunth) C. Martius and Brahea nitida André, and their putative hybrids, was analyzed with morphological and molecular markers in four hybrid zones and two pure sites for each parental species. Our results showed that the closeness of the hybrids to an allopatric site of either parental species (B. nitida, mesic habitat, and B. dulcis, xeric habitat) is directly related to their morphological and genetic similarity. Also, B. dulcis differed significantly from B. nitida in all the examined characters. Morphological and molecular data were highly coincident and supported the hypothesized hybridization. Hybrid phenotypes were morphologically parent-like for 46.4% of traits, intermediate for 33.2% of traits, and transgressive for 10.0% of traits. Thus, individual hybrids appear to be a mosaic of parent-like, intermediate, and transgressive phenotypes. Our results suggest that B. nitida has been genetically assimilated by B. dulcis in Xochiapala, and in the remaining hybrid zones a unidirectional pattern of gene flow towards B. nitida exists. Therefore, hybridization may threaten the conservation status of species through genetic assimilation and may confound the ability to distinguish among taxa.

Chloroplast DNA polymorphism reveals geographic structure and introgression in the Quercus crassifolia × Quercus crassipes hybrid complex in Mexico

Botany ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tovar-Sánchez ◽  
P. Mussali-Galante ◽  
R. Esteban-Jiménez ◽  
D. Piñero ◽  
D. M. Arias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Colonization Routes ◽  
Allopatric Populations ◽  
Genetic Structure Of Populations ◽  
Hybrid Complex

Quercus crassifolia H. & B. and Quercus crassipes H. & B. are two common temperate forest species in Mexico that form hybrids when they occur in mixed (sympatric) areas. In this study, we used chloroplast microsatellite haplotypes to infer phylogeographic patterns onto the genetic structure of populations of both parental species, thus defining probable colonization routes throughout Mexico. Haplotype diversity in seven hybrid zones and four allopatric sites with nonmixed (allopatric) populations of both putative parental species was analyzed. To determine the expansion and colonization routes for the two species, we carried out a nested clade phylogeographic analysis that would allow us to infer the haplotype correspondence to a phylogeographical approach. In spite of sharing many common populations, we determined that there is a different genetic historical colonization for Q. crassipes and for Q. crassifolia. Hybrid populations had the highest levels of genetic variation (Gv), Shannon diversity index (H), and haplotype number (nh) in comparison with nonmixed/allopatric populations of their putative parentals. Furthermore, populations of hybrid zones showed the highest values of genetic differentiation FST, RST . Moreover, both species share four distinctive cpDNA haplotypes, which were most likely acquired by introgression through hybrids located in several populations throughout the Eje Neovolcánico area. This last region was confirmed to be a “hot spot” for oak diversity, a place in which different maternal lineages merged.

scholarly journals Redescription, geographic distribution and ecological niche modeling of Elapomorphus wuchereri (Serpentes: Dipsadidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Machado Entiauspe-Neto ◽  
Márcia Ferret Renner ◽  
Conrado Mario-da-Rosa ◽  
Arthur Diesel Abegg ◽  
Daniel Loebmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Species Distribution Model ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
History Of

The original description of Elapomorphus wuchereri Günther, 1861 included a drawing and brief comments about the morphology of three specimens; two of the latter belong to another species and the holotype is lost. Based on the discovery of new specimens, we redescribe Elapomorphus wuchereri and designate a neotype. We discuss the variation and the taxonomic history of the species, and based on the results of a species distribution model analysis (SDM), we describe the distribution, extent of occurrence, and conservation status.

scholarly journals New localities and distribution models inform the conservation status of the endangered lizard Anolis guamuhaya (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in central Cuba

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-33
Author(s):  
Tomás M. Rodríguez-Cabrera ◽  
Javier Torres ◽  
Carlos A. Mancina ◽  
Ruben Marrero ◽  
Yasel U. Alfonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
New Records ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Niche Modeling ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Area Of Occupancy ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Iucn Criteria

New localities and distribution models inform the conservation status of the endangered lizard Anolis guamuhaya (Squamata: Dactyloidae) from central Cuba. Anolis guamuhaya is known from seven localities restricted to the Guamuhaya Massif in central Cuba and is always associated with mountane ecosystems above 300 m a.s.l. Previous evaluations of the conservation status of the species based on the estimated number of mature individuals have categorized the anole as Endangered. Eight new records of A. guamuhaya are provided here. These double the number of known localities, and two represent the first records of the species in lowland areas, apart from the Guamuhaya Massif. The new records extend the elevational range of the species from 15 m to above 1000 m. We used ecological niche modeling based on all of the locality records, along with what we considered the most appropriate IUCN criteria according to the available information (Criterion B) to reevaluate the conservation status of the species. These new records of A. guamuhaya increase its area of occupancy up to a total of 60 km2 , and its extent of occurrence up to 648 km2 . Despite this increase in geographic range, the species meets the IUCN criteria in the category of Endangered. We used ecological niche modeling to predict possible trends for the species under differing scenarios of global climate change, all of which portend a drastic reduction in area climatically suitable for A. guamuhaya.

scholarly journals Influence of Niche Overlap and Territoriality on Hybridization Between Hermit Warblers and Townsend's Warblers

The Auk ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott F. Pearson ◽  
David A. Manuwal
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Hybrid Zone ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Parental Fitness ◽  
Habitat Transition ◽  
Habitat Variables ◽  
Washington Cascades

Abstract Hybrid zones between Townsend's Warblers (Dendroica townsendi) and Hermit Warblers (D. occidentalis) in the Pacific Northwest are narrow relative to estimated dispersal distances and appear to be moving, with Townsend's replacing Hermits. We examined whether the habitat-transition and parental-fitness asymmetry models can explain why these zones are narrow and moving by comparing habitat variables associated with warbler territories in the Washington Cascades hybrid zone. Habitat variables did not differ among phenotypes, suggesting that the habitat-transition model cannot explain the narrow and dynamic nature of this hybrid zone. Habitat characteristics of Hermit Warbler territories did not differ inside versus outside the hybrid zone, also suggesting that this zone is not associated with a region of habitat transition. The lack of difference in habitat use could be the result of comparing variables that are not important to pairing success. However, warblers tended to select territories on west-southwest aspects. South aspects in the southern Washington Cascades are dominated by Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and true fir, which is a habitat selected by female warblers when choosing among territories and males. The parental-fitness asymmetry model does not necessarily make predictions about habitat use within the hybrid zone but predicts the superiority of one parental species over the other. However, if significant overlap occurs in habitat use or niche (as in these warblers), then competition between parental species is likely to occur. To determine whether these species compete, we mapped 12 warbler territories and monitored an additional 94 territories throughout the breeding season and found that all males with neighbors compete for and hold exclusive territories. Thus, the pattern of habitat use and territoriality is consistent with the parental-fitness asymmetry model.

scholarly journals Amphibians and Reptiles, Luzon Island, Aurora Province and Aurora Memorial National Park, northern Philippines: new island distribution records

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron D. Siler ◽  
Luke J. Welton ◽  
Jessi M. Siler ◽  
Joseph Brown ◽  
Abner Bucol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
Monitor Lizard ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Data Result

We report 35 new amphibian and reptile distribution records for two regions within the southern Sierra Madre Mountain Range, Aurora Province, central Luzon Island, Philippines. Together with results of our previous survey work in Aurora, our new data result in a total of 82 amphibian and reptile species for the area. These results highlight the degree to which the island’s biodiversity continues to be underestimated and poorly understood. We report on observations of rarely encountered species including the skink Sphenomorphus leucospilos, the forest gecko Luperosaurus cf. cumingii, and a sensational new species of monitor lizard, Varanus bitatawa. Our recent collections clarify the conservation status of the “critically endangered” Polillo Island forest frog Platymantis polillensis, now known to be widespread, abundant, and common throughout Camarines Norte, Quezon, and Aurora Provinces on the adjacent mainland of Luzon Island. These results add to our growing understanding of many species’ distributions in the region.

scholarly journals Micromorphological character expression of the hybrid Quercus × dysophylla and its parental species (Q. crassifolia and Q. crassipes)

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Alfredo López-Caamal ◽  
Luz Del Carmen Ruiz-Amaro ◽  
Armando Zepeda-Rodríguez ◽  
Patricia Mussali-Galante ◽  
Efraín Tovar-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Parental Species ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Hybrid Zones ◽  
Intermediate Phenotypes ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Spatial Genetic Pattern

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Hybridization leads to individuals with atypical phenotypes, leading to taxonomic confusion when hybridizing populations are studied. Micromorphological characters may enable taxonomists to discriminate between parental and hybrid categories due to their simple genetic inheritance.</p><p><strong>Species study:</strong> Three oak taxa distributed in the montane regions of the Mexico were studied: <em>Quercus crassifolia</em>, <em>Q. crassipes</em> and their hybrid <em>Q</em>. × <em>dysophylla</em>.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis:</strong> We describe the leaf micromorphological and macromorphological variation of these taxa. Specifically, we searched for a unique combination of micromorphological characters in hybrids. We hypothesize that spatial micromorphological variation will match the spatial pattern revealed by a previous genetic study.</p><p><strong>Study sites:</strong> Two allopatric stands for each parental species and seven hybrid zones were studied. Individuals within each stand were identified as belonging to parental or hybrid categories following previous genetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Stomata and trichome types for each taxa were determined through Scanning Electron Microscopy. Eight micromorphological characters for trichomes and stomata and four foliar macromorphological characters were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found the presence of both multirradiate and simple stellate non-glandular trichomes as a diagnostic feature of <em>Q</em>. × <em>dysophylla.</em> Overall populations, <em>Q</em>. × <em>dysophylla</em> showed intermediate phenotypes in 70 % of morphological characters. However, hybrid phenotype exhibited geographical variation. Lastly, spatial hybrid’s phenotype variation did not correlate with the spatial genetic pattern previously identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The micromorphological features of <em>Q.</em> × <em>dysophylla</em> may enable taxonomists to accurately discriminate between this taxon and its parental species. Finally, we suggest that micromorphological expression of both parental species and hybrids may be influenced by environmental gradients and microclimates.</p>

In disentangling two species limits of Hechtia (Bromeliaceae: Hechtioideae) from Sierra Madre Occidental, a new species is discovered from Durango, Mexico

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 523 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
IVÓN RAMÍREZ-MORILLO ◽  
PABLO CARRILLO-REYES ◽  
JOSÉ LUIS TAPIA-MUÑOZ ◽  
CLAUDIA J. RAMÍREZ-DÍAZ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sierra Madre Occidental ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Female Flowers ◽  
Iucn Criteria

Epitypes are proposed for two species of Hechtia: H. subalata and H. jaliscana, both endemic to Western Mexico. The holotypes of both species consist of fruiting specimens. While the female flowers of both species are extremely similar, the staminate ones are noticeable different: we select staminate vouchers as epitypes to clearly circumscribe both taxa. As a result of the delimitation of the concept Hechtia subalata and its geographical distribution, we identify a new species from Durango, Mexico, previously misidentified as Hechtia subalata: Hechtia marthae. We provide images portraying plant parts of all species, as well as photographs in habitat. Finally, assessments of the conservation status of the three species sensu IUCN criteria are included.

scholarly journals Potential distribution and conservation of the Colobosauroides carvalhoi Soares and Caramaschi, 1998: a rare and endemic lizard of Northeast Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 686-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. C. Magalhães-Júnior ◽  
G. J. B. Moura ◽  
L. B. Ribeiro ◽  
S. M. Azevedo-Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Ecological Niche Modeling ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Ecological Niche Model ◽  
Niche Model ◽  
Species Population ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Occurrence Records

Abstract Ecological niche modeling has contributed to the investigation of the geographical distribution and conservation of rare or little recorded species. Therefore, we studied the known and potential distributions of Colobosauroides carvalhoi Soares and Caramaschi 1998 and discuss the implications for its conservation. Data were obtained by manual collections made in quarterly samplings in three different regions, considering the regions with occurrence records and surrounding areas. The known distribution was determined by occurrence records and literature data, and potential distribution was estimated with an ecological niche model by the MaxEnt algorithm. Twenty-five specimens were collected exclusively in forest formations of Caatinga and Caatinga-Cerrado. Our data corroborated the relative rarity of C. carvalhoi and reflected the biogeographical history of the group, where it is restricted to forest formations with milder environmental conditions. The occurrence records indicated new records of C. carvalhoi, but the known distribution value is compatible with a restricted distribution. The ecological niche model estimated few areas with environmental suitability for the species and corroborated the restricted and relict distribution patterns. Finally, the known and potential distribution values were compatible with criteria for threatened species. These results suggest a worrisome scenario for C. carvalhoi conservation. However, the limited data about the species population do not allow the proper definition of its conservation status. Therefore, we suggest using potential distribution values with alternative criteria for redefining the conservation status of C. carvalhoi and the development of new studies that support a better assessment of its conservation aspects.

scholarly journals Geographic and ecological analysis of the Bearded Wood Partridge Dendrortyx barbatus: some insights on its conservation status

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAUDIO MOTA-VARGAS ◽  
OCTAVIO R. ROJAS-SOTO ◽  
CARLOS LARA ◽  
CITLALLI CASTILLO-GUEVARA ◽  
CLAUDIA BALLESTEROS-BARRERA
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Sierra Madre ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Key Factor

SummaryDelimiting the distribution of a species is a complex task because many determining factors are difficult to assess in the field. This is important because distribution is a key factor in the decision-making process for conservation. One example is the Bearded Wood Partridge Dendrortyx barbatus, a species endemic to the temperate forests of the Sierra Madre Oriental (SMO) mountain range in Mexico. Lack of knowledge of its distribution has generated confusion over the assignment of the correct risk category. With the aim of predicting the distribution area of the Bearded Wood Partridge and contributing to strategies for its conservation, we updated and extended the knowledge of its distribution by modelling its ecological niche using GARP and MaxEnt algorithms. We also analysed its environmental distribution using principal components analysis, and contrasted the two most important environmental variables with the species’s distribution based on vegetation type. We found that the area potentially occupied by this species covers 17,956 km2 according to GARP and 12,974 km2 according to MaxEnt. We suggest that there is a biogeographic barrier which limits the distribution of this species in the southern part of its range. The abiotic variables that best explain its distribution are average annual precipitation and elevation, both of which coincide well with the distribution of cloud forest. A redefinition of the current range as recognised by IUCN is proposed along with the need to change its national risk category.

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