scholarly journals Molecular, physiological, and biochemical characterization of extracellular lipase production by Aspergillus niger using submerged fermentation

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9425
Author(s):  
Amira Hassan Alabdalall ◽  
Norah Ayad ALanazi ◽  
Sumayh A. Aldakeel ◽  
Sayed AbdulAzeez ◽  
J. Francis Borgio
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Submerged Fermentation ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Phenol Red ◽  
Optimal Conditions

Background Extracellular production of fungal lipases especially the lipases obtained from the Aspergilli has gained immense interest in recent years due to its diverse biotechnological applications. In this study, we focused on determining the fermentation parameters required for the optimal lipase production. Methods A total of 256 fungal isolates were obtained from oil seeds. From each genus, one isolate was selected to evaluate lipase production using phenol red and tributyrin plate assays. Lipase activity was estimated using the spectrophotometric pNPP hydrolysis assay. The highest lipase producer isolates were identified using 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The genetic variability was determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and the dendrogram was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages method. The isolates were examined in a submerged fermentation culture (Smf) to measure the effect of temperature, pH, incubation time, carbon source, nitrogen source, inoculum volume, and lipid source on lipase production. Results Eleven isolates belonging to the genus Aspergillus were analyzed for lipase production where they were found to be the highest lipase producers among various fungal genera. All the tested isolates were identified as A. niger using 18s rRNA sequencing. Genetic diversity was evaluated among all of the studied A. niger isolates using RAPD primers. The RAPD primers were used to amplify 285 loci, of which five were polymorphic (1.75%) and seven were monomorphic (2.45%). Thus, a high level of genetic diversity was observed among all isolates. The tributyrin test and the lipase activity assay identified five strains of A. niger as high lipase producers, and their optimal enzyme activities were 709.74, 532.54, 735.64, 794.62, and 787.69 U/ml. The optimal conditions for lipase production were as follows: 40 °C, pH 7.5, 1% fructose as the carbon source, 1% yeast extract as the nitrogen source, 2% palm oil, 2.5 × 107 spores/ml suspension, and 3 days of incubation. Conclusions The current study provides a comprehensive characterization of the optimal conditions, which are essential to enhance lipase production in five A. niger isolates.

scholarly journals Production of Feruloyl Esterase from Aspergillus niger by Solid-State Fermentation on Different Carbon Sources

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyi Ou ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Feruloyl Esterase ◽  
Plant Cell Walls ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Maize Bran

A mixture of wheat bran with maize bran as a carbon source and addition of (NH4)SO4 as nitrogen source was found to significantly increase production of feruloyl esterase (FAE) enzyme compared with wheat bran as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. The optimal conditions in conical flasks were carbon source (30 g) to water 1 : 1, maize bran to wheat bran 1 : 2, (NH4)SO4 1.2 g and MgSO4 70 mg. Under these conditions, FAE activity was 7.68 mU/g. The FAE activity on the mixed carbon sources showed, high activity against the plant cell walls contained in the cultures.

Characterization of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in Tunisia and Comparison with a Global Pathogen Population

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Laribi ◽  
Alireza Akhavan ◽  
Sarrah M'Barek ◽  
Amor Yahyaoui ◽  
Stephen Ernest Strelkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Pyrenophora Tritici Repentis ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Necrotrophic Effector

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Ptr) causes tan spot, an important foliar disease of wheat. A collection of Ptr isolates from Tunisia, located in one of the main secondary centers of diversification of durum wheat, was tested for phenotypic race classification based on virulence on a host differential set, and for the presence of the necrotrophic effector (NE) genes ToxA, ToxB , and toxb by PCR analysis. While races 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were identified according to their virulence phenotypes, PCR testing indicated the presence of ‘atypical’ isolates that induced necrosis on the wheat differential ‘Glenlea’, but lacked the expected ToxA gene, suggesting the involvement of other NEs in the Ptr/wheat interaction. Genetic diversity and the Ptr population structure were explored further by examining 59 Tunisian isolates and 35 isolates from Algeria, Azerbaijan, Canada, Iran, and Syria using 24 simple sequence repeat markers. Average genetic diversity, overall gene flow and percentage polymorphic loci were estimated as 0.58, 2.09 and 87%, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance showed that 81% of the genetic variance occurred within populations and 19% between populations. Cluster analysis by the unweighted pair group method indicated that ToxB- isolates grouped together and were distantly related to ToxB+ isolates. Based on Nei’s analysis, the global collection clustered into two distinct groups according to their region of origin. The results suggest that both geographic origin and the host-specificity imposed by different NEs can lead to differentiation among Ptr populations.

scholarly journals Optimization of nitrogen source for Bifidobacterium bifidum using response surface methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
He Chen ◽  
Jianbo Kou ◽  
Man Hu ◽  
Guowei Shu
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Central Composite Design ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Bifidobacterium Bifidum ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Central Composite ◽  
Mrs Medium

Abstract In order to improve the viable counts of Bifidobacterium bifidum BB01 in the liquid medium, the Central Composite Design (CCD) was used to optimize the nitrogen source in the medium of B. bifidum BB01. The results showed that the nitrogen source composition of B. bifidum BB01 was: peptone 0.9%, yeast extracts 0.3%, beef paste 0.7%. Under the optimal conditions, the viable counts of B. bifidum BB01 reached (2.49±0.06)×109CFU/mL after cultured at 18h, which was 42.97% higher than MRS (lactose), and 12.85% higher than the optimized MRS medium (carbon source and prebiotics were optimized). Therefore, the CCD used in this study is workable for promoting the growth of B. bifidum BB01.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Genetic Diversity among Persian Fig Cultivars by Morphological Traits and RAPD Markers

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazal Baziar ◽  
Moslem Jafari ◽  
Mansoureh Sadat Sharifi Noori ◽  
Samira Samarfard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Fars Province ◽  
Pair Group

Ficus carica L. is one of the most ancient fruit trees cultivated in Persia (Iran). The conservation and characterization of fig genetic resources is essential for sustainable fig production and food security. Given these considerations, this study characterizes the genetic variability of 21 edible F. carica cultivars in the Fars Province using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The collected cultivars were also characterized for their morphological features. A total of 16 RAPD primers produced 229 reproducible bands, of which, 170 loci (74.43%) were polymorphic with an average polymorphic information content (PIC) value of 0.899. Genetic analysis using an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) revealed genetic structure and relationships among the local germplasms. The dendrogram resulting from UPGMA hierarchical cluster analysis separated the fig cultivars into five groups. These results demonstrate that analysis of molecular variance allows for the partitioning of genetic variation between fig groups and illustrates greater variation within fig groups and subgroups. RAPD-based classification often corresponded with the morphological similarities and differences of the collected fig cultivars. This study suggests that RAPD markers are suitable for analysis of diversity and cultivars’ fingerprinting. Accordingly, understanding of the genetic diversity and population structure of F. carica in Iran may provide insight into the conservation and management of this species.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and relationships in jute (Corchorus spp.) revealed by SSR markers

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saaimatul Huq ◽  
Md Shahidul Islam ◽  
Abu Ashraqur Sajib ◽  
Nadim Ashraf ◽  
Samiul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Ssr Marker ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Corchorus Capsularis ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis

Characterization of sixteen jute genotypes, from Corchorus olitorius L. and Corchorus capsularis L. using jute specific SSR marker attained a high polymorphism value of 92.20%. A total of 171 different alleles were amplified by 27 primer pairs with a mean of 6.33 ± 2.04 alleles per locus. The genetic diversity was also relatively high (0.81 ± 0.06). The Un-weighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis of the 16 jute genotypes produced a dendogram, which was in concordance with known information. The study reinforces the utility of SSR primers for providing useful and high levels of markers for individual plant genotypes even with a narrow genetic base. Key words: Jute; Genetic diversity; SSR; Genotypes; Polymorphism DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i2.5140 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(2): 153-161, 2009 (December)  

scholarly journals Characterization of protease producing fungi Aspergillus funiculosus and A. tamarii, and their proteases

2013 ◽  
pp. 91-98
Author(s):  
Z Shahina ◽  
MT Hossain ◽  
MA Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Protease Activity ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Environmental Condition ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Aspergillus Funiculosus

Two Aspergillus spp. namely A. funiculosus (Za) and A tamarii (Zc) were isolated, purified, identified and studied for their protease activity under some selected environmental condition and nutritional factors. The strains showed the maximal activity of protease after 5 days (Za) and 6 days (Zc) of incubation at 27ºC in a medium containing peptone as nitrogen source with pH 5.0. Isolate Za showed highest protease activity in the presence of fructose as carbon source, at 35 °C, with pH 6.0 and 2.5% casien as substrate concentration. Where as for Zc it was starch as carbon source, temperature 40 °C, with pH 7.0 and 2% casien ,the isolate showed highest enzyme activity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v4i1.13390 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 4(1&2):91-98, 2009

scholarly journals Application and characterization of crude fungal lipases used to degrade fat and oil wastes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Hassan Alabdalall ◽  
Norah A. Al-Anazi ◽  
Lena A. Aldakheel ◽  
Fatma H. I. Amer ◽  
Fatimah A. Aldakheel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Liquid Detergent ◽  
Optimal Incubation

AbstractAspergillus niger MH078571.1 and A. niger MH079049.1 were identified previously as the two highest Aspergillus niger strains producing lipase. Biochemical characterizations of lipase activity and stability for these two strains were examined and revealed that the optimal temperature is 45 °C at pH 8for A. niger MH078571.1 and 55 °C for MH079049.1. The lipase production of both strains was studied on medium contains waste oil, as a cheap source to reduce the industrial cost, showed that the optimal incubation period for the enzyme production is 3 days. Moreover, an experiment on lipase activates in organic solvents demonstrated that 50% of acetone is the best solvent for the two strains. In the presence of surfactants, 0.1% of tween 80 surfactant showed the best lipase activities. Furthermore, Mg2+ and Zn2+ ions enhanced the lipase activity of A. niger MH078571.1, while Na2+ and Cu2+ enhanced the enzyme activity of A. niger MH079049.1. Lipase activity was also tested for industrial applications such as integrating it with different detergents. Maximum lipase activity was obtained with 1% of Omo as a powder detergent for both strains. In liquid detergent, 0.1% of Fairy showed maximum lipase activity in A. niger MH078571.1, while the lipase in A. niger MH079049.1 was more effective in 1% of Lux. Moreover, the degradation of natural animal fat with crude enzyme was tested using chicken and sheep fats. The results showed that more than 90% of fats degraded after 5 days of the incubation period.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Xenorhabdus nematophila Transposon Insertion Mutants Defective in Lipase Activity against Tween

2009 ◽  
Vol 191 (16) ◽  
pp. 5325-5331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory R. Richards ◽  
Eugenio I. Vivas ◽  
Aaron W. Andersen ◽  
Delmarie Rivera-Santos ◽  
Sara Gilmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Lipase Production ◽  
Xenorhabdus Nematophila ◽  
Transposon Insertion ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Transposon Mutants ◽  
Conserved Gene ◽  
Insertion Mutants

ABSTRACT We identified Xenorhabdus nematophila transposon mutants with defects in lipase activity. One of the mutations, in yigL, a conserved gene of unknown function, resulted in attenuated virulence against Manduca sexta insects. We discuss possible connections between lipase production, YigL, and specific metabolic pathways.

Producing Cellulase on Phanerochaete chrysosporium by Fermentation and Breeding by Induced Mutation of Cellulose-Degrading Phanerochaete chrysosporium

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 2353-2356
Author(s):  
Ying Wang ◽  
Jong Shik Chung ◽  
Guang Li Cao ◽  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Ai Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Carboxymethyl Cellulose ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Corn Stalk ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Ultraviolet Ray ◽  
Filter Paper Activity

In this work, strain Phanerochaete chrysosporium producing cellulase was studied by fermentation process. Carbon source involves cellobiose, xylose, xylan, carboxymethylcellulose sodium, avicel, filter paper, corn stalk and glucose. Peptone, yeastextract, carbamide, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate were researched for nitrogen source. Under the conditions of carbon source avicel, nitrogen source ammonium, the activity assays on different enzymes of respective component is optimum. Ultraviolet ray and nitrosoguanidine,were applied to mutate Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The optimal conditions were as follow: 60S and 50min. Colony morphology with obvious variation was used as sceening index. 120mutants were selected, carboxymethyl cellulose activity of cach mutant was determined and 20 strains with 30% increasing of cellulose activity were screened.GD3 mutant was obtained, with the increasing rate of filter paper activity 30.50%.

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