scholarly journals THE VISIBILITY OF THE TOY IN WESTERN PAINTING FROM RENAISSANCE TO THE MODERN ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (58) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Consumption Culture ◽  
Adult World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Era

Although children are the first thing that comes to mind when it comes to games, we encounter with games in all areas of the life in the adult world. The toy, on the other hand, is the objective dimension of the game and takes place in our lives as an imitation of a real being or as simple objects attributed with meanings. Game opens a free space for the player besides the existing world. Toys as game objects are not only personal items in this free space, they also reflect the cultural, economic, political and technological state of their eras in every aspect. When we consider art as a reflection of the culture, the image of games and toys in the art history is more associated with children. The meanings attributed to toys were parallel with the perspective towards the children in every period. The toy as an object first appears in European painting in the 15th century. Along with humanism, the developing bourgeoisie, subsequent scientific and technological advances, family life and values given to children naturally changed the point of view on toys. The rapidly changing world with the wars in the 20th century turned the toy into a mass-produced industrial product, which encouraged consumption culture. Thus, the toys detached from their original context and started serving as an intermediary in the transformation and the manipulation of societies in the hands of the cultural industry, social and political propaganda and capitalism. In this context, the toy object that is the subject of painting is a document witnessing the history. The aim of this study is to examine the visibility of the toy, which is the subject of European painting from the Renaissance to the modern period, in the history and to discuss the effect of cultural differences related to time and space on the toys through art. Keywords : Game, toy, children, culture, art

scholarly journals Tradition and historical reconstruction in modern Church art on the example of the “Apocalypse” by Nikolai Masteropulo (from the point of view of the Medievalist)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Buzykina
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Wall Painting ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Byzantine Art ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Church Art

The article deals with Apocalypse cycle of cloisonné enamels created in the early 2000-s by Russian and Greek artist Nilolaos Masteropoulos. The article analyses the concept of this creation, conceived as an actual art work made by medieval tool — ancient technique of cloisonné enamel, reconstructed and reconceived by the artist. The choice of the old technique which disappeared in byzantine tradition in 13th century is united with the subject which was not typical for byzantine art at all and appeared only in the early 15th century in the wall painting of Annunciation Cathedral of Moscow Kremlin, ordered by Russian prince and painted by Byzantine artist Theophanes the Greek. This union, demonstrating the artist’s deep knowledge in the art history and scientific literature, does not turn this Apocalypse into intellectual rebus or kind of historical reconstruction. Reviving ancient techniques and using ancient symbols, Nikolaos Masteropulos created an actual art work, intended for beholding by his contemporaries.

scholarly journals A Search for the Hidden King: Messianism, Prophecies and Royal Epiphanies of the Kings of Aragon (circa 1250–1520)

Arts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Serra Desfilis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Art History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Crown Of Aragon ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Point Of Departure

Modern historiography has studied the influence of messianic and millennialist ideas in the Crown of Aragon extensively and, more particularly, how they were linked to the Aragonese monarchy. To date, research in the field of art history has mainly considered royal iconography from a different point of view: through coronation, historical or dynastic images. This article will explore the connections, if any, between millennialist prophetic visions and royal iconography in the Crown of Aragon using both texts and the figurative arts, bearing in mind that sermons, books and images shared a common space in late medieval audiovisual culture, where royal epiphanies took place. The point of departure will be the hypothesis that some royal images and apparently conventional religious images are compatible with readings based on sources of prophetic and apocalyptic thought, which help us to understand the intentions and values behind unique figurative and performative epiphanies of the dynasty that ruled the Crown of Aragon between 1250 and 1516. With this purpose in mind, images will be analysed in their specific context, which is often possible to reconstruct thanks to the abundance and diversity of the written sources available on the subject, with a view to identifying their promoters’ intentions, the function they fulfilled and the reception of these images in the visual culture of this time and place.

scholarly journals CHIRICO AND METAPHISICAL ART

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spiritual Reality ◽  
De Chirico

Chirico's grandfather was an interpreter in the Ottoman palace and his father worked as an engineer in the construction of the Ottoman railways. Giorgio de Chirico is defined as the magician or witch of the mysterious dream world and supernatural spaces in art history. Their works, which usually begin with "Enigma", are the subject of ambiguity and enigma. Chirico is claimed to be an atheist, but mystical tendencies are seen in his paintings, and the works that atheism is associated with are rarely seen. Spiritual reality and metaphysical discoveries are Chirico's greatest interests. He painted his inner world quests and experiences that could not be expressed in words. The philosophical point of view, while impressed by the philosophy of Nietche and Schopenhauer, was also interested in Hindu and Buddhist beliefs. Chirico appears to have seriously affected Surrealists. The purpose of this work is to examine the thought and artistic structure of Chirico, including the mystical and metaphysical concepts, and the metaphysical artwork that he reveals in his works. As a method, the literature on Chirico's concept of thought and art will be scanned and the metaphysical forms and symbols revealed in his paintings will be examined. Keywords: Enigma, Mystery, Mysticism, Metaphysics

scholarly journals Perspectivism of the Renaissance Thought

2020 ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
David Menčik
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Content Difference ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Original Works ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Universe

The starting point of the essay is clarifying the difference between the mono-perspective and multi-perspective vision of reality. Off-course the terms perspective, mono-perspective and multi-perspective are not self-explanatory and the meanings of these terms need to be formally analysed. After making the formal difference between mono-perspective thinking and multi-perspective thinking a content difference needs to be made. Namely, why is the Renaissance vision of reality multi-perspective and the Middle-Age vision of reality mono-perspective? The answer to this question needs to be given by the analysis of the original works of the Renaissance thinkers. Our undertaking will not be limited in analysing only one discourse but following the subject from a methodological point of view in a multi-perspectivism way. Therefore, three different discourses will be analysed:  The discourse of philosophical anthropology with Mirandola’s vision of man as a paradigmatic example-The discourse of philosophy of nature, with Bruno’s vision of the universe as a paradigmatic example-The discourse of art history in which four paintings will be analysed: these paintings can be considered of having philosophical, value because they provide a picturesque representation of what the Renaissance “world” was really like.

A Modified Chair Geometry for Whole Body Counting

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (05) ◽  
pp. 246-247
Author(s):  
S. C. Jain ◽  
G. C. Bhola ◽  
A. Nagaratnam ◽  
M. M. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Marked Improvement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Spatial Response ◽  
Body Counting ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Whole Body Counting ◽  
The Buddha

SummaryIn the Marinelli chair, a geometry widely used in whole body counting, the lower part of the leg is seen quite inefficiently by the detector. The present paper describes an attempt to modify the standard chair geometry to minimise this limitation. The subject sits crossed-legged in the “Buddha Posture” in the standard chair. Studies with humanoid phantoms and a volunteer sitting in the Buddha posture show that this modification brings marked improvement over the Marinelli chair both from the point of view of sensitivity and uniformity of spatial response.

Sophie Laws, with Caroline Harper and Rachel Marcus. Research for Development: A Practical Guide. New Delhi: Vistaar Publications. 2003. xiii+475 pages. Paperback. Indian Rupees 450.00.

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-172
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Policy Research ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Workers

To implement any successful policy, research about the subject-matter is essential. Lack of knowledge would result in failure and, from an economic point of view, it would lead to a waste of scarce resources. The book under review is essentially a manual which highlights the use of research for development. The book is divided into two parts. Part One informs the reader about concepts and some theory, and Part Two deals with the issue of undertaking research for development. Both parts have 11 chapters each. Chapter 1 asks the basic question: Is research important in development work? The answer is that it is. Research has many dimensions: from the basic asking of questions to the more sophisticated broad-based analysis of policy issues. The chapter, in short, stresses the usefulness of research which development workers ignore at their own peril.

Effectiveness of Flood Protection Project Valuation Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-289
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Liziński ◽  
Marcin Bukowski ◽  
Anna Wróblewska
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Project Valuation ◽  
The Subject

Projects for flood protection are increasingly the subject of investment projects in the field of water management. This is related to the increasing frequency of worldwide threats caused by extreme weather conditions, including extremely high rainfall causing floods. Technical and nontechnical flood protection measures are also increasing in importance. In the decision-making process, it is necessary to take into account both the costs and benefits of avoiding losses, including an analysis of social benefits, whose valuation of non-market goods is an essential element. A comprehensive account of projects in the field of flood protection based on the estimated costs and benefits of the investment allows the economic efficiency from a general social point of view to be determined. Previous evaluations of the effectiveness of investment projects have mainly taken into account only categories and market values. The aim of the article is to identify the possibilities to expand the values of non-market assessments and categories formulated on the basis of the theoretical economics of the environment. 

Crimes against marriage and family before Criminal Code 1968

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Lidia Peneva
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Marriage And Family ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Legal Method ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Structural Point

Crimes against marriage and family are a particular group of social relation­ships that the law has defended properly in view of the high public significance and value they enjoy. At the moment they are regulated in Chapter VI, Section I, of the specific part of the Penal Code the Repub­lic of Bulgaria. The subject matter of this Statement will, however, be the legisla­tive provisions concerning these criminal­ized acts in retrospect. The purpose of the study is to show by historical method and through the comparatively legal method the development of these criminal groups during the periods of various criminal laws in Bulgaria. This will also provide a basis for reflection on possible de lege ferenda proposals. This report from a structural point of view will be divided into three distinct points, marking each of the penal laws in the Republic of Bulgaria, which were in force before 1968.

THE METADIALOGUE CONCEPT IN ITS LINGUISTIC ASPECT

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Kupriyanova ◽  
I.M. Vasilyanova
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Aspect

The article summarizes the key points in the development of the metadialogue phenomenon from a linguistic point of view. Some stages of the development of this concept and the difficulties associated with its structuring are covered. The main research findings of modern foreign and domestic experts on its study are considered. Some characteristics of the subject of the research from the standpoint of various pragmatic installations are given. On the basis of the dynamic structure of the metadialogue development, certain principles of semantic relations connected with the dialectical nature of human cognition are presented. Excursion into the history and evolution of the concept is presented. Several types of formulation of the subject matter are given. In accordance with the goal of speech exposure, internal problems of the development of metadialogue are highlighted and the critical points related to solving these problems are described. The rules of metadialogue flow are explained at the level of steps, the success/failure of which directly affects the final result of communication. The prospects of development of the concept research in accordance with various types of discourse are indicated.

An Islamic Framework for Employer-Employee Relationships

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ramzan Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Human Nature ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Employee Relationships ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Islamic Institutions

IntroductionIslamic teachings envisage a balanced society achieved through thefunctioning of Islamic institutions. This paper visualizes three main institutions:ukhiwah, ‘adl, and ihsan. Ukhuwah (brotherhood) promotes the bonds ofbrotherhood, and ‘adl (justice) enforces a system of individual and socialobligations. Islam stresses the importance of meeting one’s obligations, becauseeach obligation has its corresponding right. Thus, an individual’s effort to meethidher obligations leads to the fulfillment of everyone’s rights. This does notmean that Islam forbids one from demanding hidher rights, even though thisdemand does pose a problem related to human nature: an individual wants his/herrights and also some part of another person’s rights. Therefore, one group’sdemand for its rights tends to encroach upon the rights of another group, whichcauses social friction and disorder. The institution of ihsan (benevolence) goesone step further: it exhorts individuals to forego their rights for the sake of others,which is considered an act of piety.This paper will study employer-employee relationships in the light of thethree institutions mentioned above. A framework for conducting employer-employeerelationships is formulated and is then used to determine, from theIslamic point of view, the proper wages. The findings of this paper show thatan economically efficient and equitable wage structure can evolve within thisframework and that such a wage structure would promote the parties’ mutualrelationships which, in turn, would lead to industrial peace.The body of the paper is organized as follows: a review of the existingliterature on the subject, the development of an Islamic framework for employer-employeerelationships, a discussion of the Islamic approach to wagecompensation, and some concluding remarks ...

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document