scholarly journals Tradition and historical reconstruction in modern Church art on the example of the “Apocalypse” by Nikolai Masteropulo (from the point of view of the Medievalist)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Yu. N. Buzykina
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Wall Painting ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Byzantine Art ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Church Art

The article deals with Apocalypse cycle of cloisonné enamels created in the early 2000-s by Russian and Greek artist Nilolaos Masteropoulos. The article analyses the concept of this creation, conceived as an actual art work made by medieval tool — ancient technique of cloisonné enamel, reconstructed and reconceived by the artist. The choice of the old technique which disappeared in byzantine tradition in 13th century is united with the subject which was not typical for byzantine art at all and appeared only in the early 15th century in the wall painting of Annunciation Cathedral of Moscow Kremlin, ordered by Russian prince and painted by Byzantine artist Theophanes the Greek. This union, demonstrating the artist’s deep knowledge in the art history and scientific literature, does not turn this Apocalypse into intellectual rebus or kind of historical reconstruction. Reviving ancient techniques and using ancient symbols, Nikolaos Masteropulos created an actual art work, intended for beholding by his contemporaries.

scholarly journals THE VISIBILITY OF THE TOY IN WESTERN PAINTING FROM RENAISSANCE TO THE MODERN ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (58) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Consumption Culture ◽  
Adult World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Modern Era

Although children are the first thing that comes to mind when it comes to games, we encounter with games in all areas of the life in the adult world. The toy, on the other hand, is the objective dimension of the game and takes place in our lives as an imitation of a real being or as simple objects attributed with meanings. Game opens a free space for the player besides the existing world. Toys as game objects are not only personal items in this free space, they also reflect the cultural, economic, political and technological state of their eras in every aspect. When we consider art as a reflection of the culture, the image of games and toys in the art history is more associated with children. The meanings attributed to toys were parallel with the perspective towards the children in every period. The toy as an object first appears in European painting in the 15th century. Along with humanism, the developing bourgeoisie, subsequent scientific and technological advances, family life and values given to children naturally changed the point of view on toys. The rapidly changing world with the wars in the 20th century turned the toy into a mass-produced industrial product, which encouraged consumption culture. Thus, the toys detached from their original context and started serving as an intermediary in the transformation and the manipulation of societies in the hands of the cultural industry, social and political propaganda and capitalism. In this context, the toy object that is the subject of painting is a document witnessing the history. The aim of this study is to examine the visibility of the toy, which is the subject of European painting from the Renaissance to the modern period, in the history and to discuss the effect of cultural differences related to time and space on the toys through art. Keywords : Game, toy, children, culture, art

scholarly journals Representations of political power in medieval Iceland: Íslendingabók

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Costel Coroban
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
The Political ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Milieu

This paper aims to analyse emblematic sources from the Golden Age of literature in High Medieval Iceland, such as Íslendingabók, from the point of view of the ideology of power, in order to compare the findings to those from other sources of the time. If in Norway towards the 13th century all power gravitated around the person of the King and the institution of the court, in Iceland the political situation from the assembly of the Alþingi in 930 up to the country’s annexation (1262) was wholly different, owing to the different political organization of the Old Icelandic Commonwealth (Þjóðveldið). The Icelandic political milieu has not been researched very extensively from the point of view of political ideology, as one of the pioneers of this approach, Jón Viðar Sigurðsson noted. There is much to be said on the subject of the worthiness of the Icelandic Family sagas as useful in describing the political ideology of power due to their role as both historical and literary sources. These skaldic texts were sponsored with specific purposes by rulers who understood how songs and stories could improve a leader’s position and prestige. As a similarity to the literature sponsored by the kings of Norway, the texts created in Iceland during the literary miracle of the Middle Ages had a greater importance for those chieftains who did not enjoy a strong position, who were either attempting to legitimate themselves as rulers of newly usurped positions, or who were threatened by stronger neighbouring rulers.

scholarly journals A Search for the Hidden King: Messianism, Prophecies and Royal Epiphanies of the Kings of Aragon (circa 1250–1520)

Arts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Serra Desfilis
Keyword(s):  
Visual Culture ◽  
Art History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Common Space ◽  
Crown Of Aragon ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Point Of Departure

Modern historiography has studied the influence of messianic and millennialist ideas in the Crown of Aragon extensively and, more particularly, how they were linked to the Aragonese monarchy. To date, research in the field of art history has mainly considered royal iconography from a different point of view: through coronation, historical or dynastic images. This article will explore the connections, if any, between millennialist prophetic visions and royal iconography in the Crown of Aragon using both texts and the figurative arts, bearing in mind that sermons, books and images shared a common space in late medieval audiovisual culture, where royal epiphanies took place. The point of departure will be the hypothesis that some royal images and apparently conventional religious images are compatible with readings based on sources of prophetic and apocalyptic thought, which help us to understand the intentions and values behind unique figurative and performative epiphanies of the dynasty that ruled the Crown of Aragon between 1250 and 1516. With this purpose in mind, images will be analysed in their specific context, which is often possible to reconstruct thanks to the abundance and diversity of the written sources available on the subject, with a view to identifying their promoters’ intentions, the function they fulfilled and the reception of these images in the visual culture of this time and place.

The “Abrahamic Metacivilization” of the 8th –13th Centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Daniil V. Puzanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Historical Ethnography ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Abrahamic Religions ◽  
Definition Of

The article substantiates the expediency of considering the system of Christian and Islamic medieval civilizations as a single Abrahamic metacivilization. Heuristic possibilities of the term are revealed on the basis of research works on sociology, philosophy, world and domestic history. The features of the perception of civilizations and religions are analyzed from the point of view of the world-system perspective and global history. The definition of local civilization is being clarified. The definition of metacivilization is given. It is noted that, since the 8th century, on the territory of Asia Minor, North Africa and Europe, a system was forming whose unity was based on a combination of two universal cultures: the Hellenistic (science and law) one and the system of teachings of the Abrahamic religions. The expediency of designating this system as “Abrahamic metacivilization” is substantiated. It could not have arisen before the 7th–8th centuries. Along with the Arab conquests, the importance of religions in communications in the designated territories was growing, and the zone of influence of the Abrahamic religions was seriously expanding. The author proposes to leave open the question of the upper chronological framework of the phenomenon. The Abrahamic metacivilization disappears either in the 13th century (when its Hellenistic component begins to erode) or in the 15th century (with the formation of the capitalist worldsystem). Like world-systems, the Abrahamic civilization had a hierarchical structure, which depended on the degree of political power centralization and the completeness of the state ideology formation. The metacivilization center was represented by Byzantium and the empires of Islam. It seems promising to use the term to study some aspects of the legal, cultural, social and economic history of medieval states with an official Abrahamic religion, including the study of interfaith transactions. It seems promising to study from such positions the early history of Eastern Europe, whose many regions still preserved the tribal structure. The possibility of using the term “Abrahamic metacivilization” in historical ethnography (for example, based on some provisions of R. Redfield’s theory, in which the mechanisms of globalization and global processes were for the first time considered from the standpoint of social anthropology) is also substantiated. An advantage of the term is its specific territorial-chronological reference. It is noted that the term “Abrahamic metacivilization” can be used in studies with different methodological bases.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE AMERICAN PERIOD OF ICON PAINTER P.M. SOFRONOV’S WORK

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Tatiyana V. Yurieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wall Painting ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Church Art ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Church

The article for the first time gives an analysis of the work of the world famous, but little studied in Russia, Old Believer icon painter and restorer icons Pimen Maksimovich Sofronov in the third, American period. The author systematizes scattered information about his artistic activities in the United States, makes a chronology of the creation of his works during this period, and makes an analysis of them. The description of the temples where P.M. Sofronov worked, and the painting of their interiors, is given for the first time in scientific literature. Analyzing the biographical data and the work of the icon painter in the third, American period, which turned out to be the longest, the author of the article concludes that at this time the quality of the master's work is changing. Since, in Europe, P.M. Sofronov gained the experience of wall painting of churches, now, in North America, he was able to fully realize this side of his talent by making the transition from easel icon painting to monumental painting. Now the researcher's attention has been given to extensive temple complexes, often consisting of both stenographs and iconostases, which have their own specific program. The author interprets the canon in accordance with the architectural space that is provided to him for painting. Each time it is a new theological and artistic task. Having completed such major works as paintings of the interiors of Trinity Cathedral in Brooklyn, the Church of the Three Saints in Ansonia, the Church of Peter and Paul in Syracuse, the Vladimir Church in Trenton, St. Trinity in Weinland, the artist made a significant contribution to the church art of Russian emigration.

scholarly journals ‘Historical Craft from the Artisan’s Point of View’. Analysis of the Results of the Survey Conducted Among Craftsmen Specialising in Historical Reconstruction

2019 ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Badowska ◽  
Wojciech Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Academic World ◽  
Ancient Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Przeworsk Culture ◽  
And Migration

The paper presents the results of the survey carried out by the authors of this paper, the subject of which was experimental archaeology. We asked a group of artisans that deal with historical reconstruction a set of questions about the difficulties they encounter during their reconstruction work. What is their biggest problem? Where do the craftsmen derive information about the ancient technology from? How are their products received by recipients? The chronological framework of the reconstruction industry was narrowed down to one historical period (the time of the Przeworsk culture, that is the Pre-Roman Iron Age, the Roman Iron Age and Migration Period). This clearly showed some connections between a small group of craftsmen using ancient methods in their work and the academic world, and how important it is to acquire historical and archaeological knowledge and to find ethnographic inspirations in order to solve the problems of craft techniques. The survey covered artisans practising various crafts, from metalwork to pottery, which added a broader perspective to the issues studied.

scholarly journals The concept of beauty in painting by Qi Baishi

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (Extra-A) ◽  
pp. 265-273
Author(s):  
Yang Pingping
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Art History ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Main Research ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Concept Of Beauty

The purpose of the study is to identify the foundations of the beauty concept in the works by Qi Baishi from the point of view of modern interpretations. The objectives of the article are: to provide a historical overview of the activities by Qi Baishi; to identify the main components of the beauty concept in the artist's works, as well as to verify the theses put forward using a mini-survey for the students. The methodology included among others: methods of art history analysis, content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic, the method of statistical analysis. The research materials were paintings by Qi Baishi in three genres «Mountains and Water», «Flowers and Birds», «Shrimp in Ink», as well as the results of a survey of 3rd year students, studying in the specialty «Painting and Graphics». The main research results are: three main components in the beauty concept by Qi Baishi were identified, the assessment of these components by students was considered, and a generalized concept of beauty in the works by Qi Baishi was formulated on the analysis results.

scholarly journals State's countercyclic fiscal and monetary policy in the field of macroeconomic regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-40
Author(s):  
Edward M. Sandoyan ◽  
◽  
Mariam H. Voskanyan ◽  
Ani H. Galstyan ◽  
Gagik A. Grigoryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Monetary Policies ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fiscal And Monetary Policy

The problem of countercyclical fiscal and monetary regulation has become very ur- gent in the last two decades. This article is devoted to the analysis and assessment of countercyclical fiscal and monetary policy from the point of view of the fundamental basis, as well as its practical application. The subject of this research is countercycli- cal fiscal and monetary policy from the point of view of its effectiveness in the con- text of the economic crisis. The methodological basis of the study is an overview of theoretical and practical models of countercyclical fiscal and monetary policy known in the scientific literature. The key objective of the study was to attempt to identify and evaluate countercyclical fiscal and monetary policies from the point of view of theory and practice. The result of the study was the conclusion that in a crisis, coun- tercyclical fiscal and monetary policy leads to ambiguous results, but on the whole, it is the most optimal for leveling the consequences of the crisis.

scholarly journals CHIRICO AND METAPHISICAL ART

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Inner World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spiritual Reality ◽  
De Chirico

Chirico's grandfather was an interpreter in the Ottoman palace and his father worked as an engineer in the construction of the Ottoman railways. Giorgio de Chirico is defined as the magician or witch of the mysterious dream world and supernatural spaces in art history. Their works, which usually begin with "Enigma", are the subject of ambiguity and enigma. Chirico is claimed to be an atheist, but mystical tendencies are seen in his paintings, and the works that atheism is associated with are rarely seen. Spiritual reality and metaphysical discoveries are Chirico's greatest interests. He painted his inner world quests and experiences that could not be expressed in words. The philosophical point of view, while impressed by the philosophy of Nietche and Schopenhauer, was also interested in Hindu and Buddhist beliefs. Chirico appears to have seriously affected Surrealists. The purpose of this work is to examine the thought and artistic structure of Chirico, including the mystical and metaphysical concepts, and the metaphysical artwork that he reveals in his works. As a method, the literature on Chirico's concept of thought and art will be scanned and the metaphysical forms and symbols revealed in his paintings will be examined. Keywords: Enigma, Mystery, Mysticism, Metaphysics

scholarly journals To the question of cyclization in the lyrics of G. R. Derzhavin on the example of seasons cycle

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tatiana Viktorovna Kiling
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Special Analysis ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Lyrical Subject

This article examines G. R. Derzhavin “uncompiled” cycle of seasons that consists of the chapters “Winter”, “Spring”, “Summer” and “Autumn”. The author clarifies the existing in scientific literature grounds for receptive unification of these texts into an “uncompiled” cycle. Alongside the theme and genre affiliation, the point of view of a lyrical subject should be considered as the key features of cyclization. The article gradually analyzes the peculiarities of four seasons that gave the name to the receptive cycle, as well as determines the unconformity of their function to the canons established in Russian poetry of the XVIII century. The author determines the correlative internal links of the texts within the framework of the receptive cycle, based on the topics of dialogues and images of the addressees. In the process of communication, the autobiographic lyrical subject grasps his views upon the nature of poetic gift, and formulates the own axiological paradigms, consists in epicurean perception of reality, ability to enjoy only most essential goods (health and honesty, obedience to God’s will, acceptance of present times and life events of the past. The novelty of this research lies on the thesis that the trend of cyclization has not previously become the subject of special analysis on this particular material.

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