scholarly journals Diagnosis of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women in Mangalore, Karnataka, India

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Rajaratnam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Among Pregnant Women in Debre Markos, Ethiopia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Isolates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihunalem Addis ◽  
Sirak Biset ◽  
Mucheye Gizachew
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
P Value ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Abstract In low-income countries, asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) during pregnancy is a major cause for both maternal and foetal health risks. Rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistance also needs continuous monitoring of susceptibility profiles of uropathogens. We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study to deterimne prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and associated risk factors of ASB among pregnant women. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected by interview and extracted from women's medical records. Identification of bacteria from urine, and their susceptibility tests were done by using recommended methods. Logistic regression analyses were done by SPSS versions 20. The p-value <0.05 at 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. Of the 172 study participants, 24 (14%) had ASB. Among 24 isolates, 13 (54.2%) were gram-negative, and of these, E. coli (8; 61.5%) was predominant followed by K. pneumoniae (4; 30.8%). Previous UTI and antibiotic use were significantly associated risk factors for ASB. E .coli, S. areus and CoNS were resistant to tetracycline (87.5%), cotrimoxazole (83.3%), and gentamycin (80%), respectively. Prevalence of ASB was lower than many previous reports in the country. Commonly used antibiotic susceptibility profiles of isolates were known. Hence, hard work ought to assume to decline the consequence of ASB and antibiotics resistance.

scholarly journals Burden of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Amongst Nigerian Pregnant Women: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel N Onwusulu ◽  
Helen Chioma Okoye ◽  
Emmanuel O Nna ◽  
Samuel Onuka ◽  
Amaka Obiageli Nnamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract BackgroundAsymptomatic bacteriuria can be a cause of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes if undetected and untreated. Pregnant women are usually routinely screened with urine cultures at antenatal booking. However, the exact burden of asymptomatic bacteriuria in Nigeria is unknown. Our protocol is aimed at determining the pooled prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria amongst Nigerian pregnant women as well as the associated risk factors and pregnancy outcomes.MethodsNine databases: PubMed, African Journal Online, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Embase, ResearchGate, Scopus, and Web of Science will be searched using a search strategy that is developed by combinations of MeSH terms, keywords, text words, and entry terms. Only observational studies published or retrievable in the English Language will be included. Studies must be conducted in Nigeria. The primary measurable outcome of this study is the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women. Identified studies will be screened, selected, and deduplicated in DistillerSR. Data items will be extracted into predefined forms in the DistillerSR. Reports including Prisma flow chart, quality scores, risk of bias, and study outcomes will be generated in DistillerSR. Extracted data items will be exported into the Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software version 3 for quantitative analysis. Methodological, clinical, and statistical heterogeneity will be assessed for all the studies. Publication bias will be assessed using Funnel plots. There will be a subgroup analysis of pooled prevalence using categorical variables. The primary outcome will be expressed in pooled prevalence, standard error, variance, and 95% CI of variance. Quantitative risk factors and pregnancy outcomes will be used used for meta-regression. The reporting of the systematic review and meta-analysis will be according to PRISMA 2015 Statement.DiscussionThe pooled prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in Nigeria will be examined in relation to associated risk factors and pregnancy outcomes. The study will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.Trial Registration NumberThis protocol is registered with the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with registration number CRD42020213810

scholarly journals The incidence of HIV and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Kabarole District, Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. e0234174
Author(s):  
Hannah Schumann ◽  
Kenyonyozi Rubagumya ◽  
John Rubaihayo ◽  
Gundel Harms ◽  
Rhoda K. Wanyenze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Prevalence, incidence and associated risk factors of STIs during pregnancy in South Africa

2020 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054631
Author(s):  
Dorothy Chiwoniso Nyemba ◽  
Andrew Medina-Marino ◽  
Remco P H Peters ◽  
Jeffrey D Klausner ◽  
Phuti Ngwepe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Syndromic Management ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth Outcomes ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

ObjectiveSTIs during pregnancy increase adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes and may increase HIV risk. STI syndromic management is standard of care in South Africa. Our study evaluated the prevalence and incidence of STIs in pregnant women and the associated risk factors.MethodsWe combined data from two prospective observational studies of pregnant women enrolled while attending their first antenatal clinic (ANC) visit in Tshwane District and Cape Town. Women ≥18 years were tested at first ANC visit and at their first postpartum visit for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis using Xpert assays (Cepheid, USA). We evaluated the prevalence and incidence of STI and the associated risk factors using multivariable regression models.ResultsWe enrolled 669 pregnant women, 64% (n=427) from Tshwane District and 36% (n=242) from Cape Town; 80% (n=534) were women living with HIV (WLHIV) and 20% (n=135) without HIV. At enrolment, 37% (n=250) were diagnosed with at least one STI, of which 76% (n=190) were asymptomatic. STI prevalence was 40% (n=213) in WLHIV and 27% (n=37) in women without HIV (p=0.01). Baseline STI infection was associated with younger age (OR=0.95 per year, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98), higher gestational age (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.03 per week, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.05), single relationship status (aOR=1.53, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.15) and HIV status (aOR=1.86, 95% CI 1.17 to 2.95). Of 419 participants with no STI at baseline, 21 had an incident STI during follow-up, with a mean follow-up time of 140 days. The incidence rate of STI during pregnancy and early post partum was 15 infections per 100 women-years (95% CI 9 to 23). Younger age was associated with STI incidence.ConclusionOur study shows high prevalence and incidence of STIs in pregnancy, especially in WLHIV, demonstrating the need for STI screening in ANC to prevent adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Most STI cases were asymptomatic and would have gone untreated with syndromic management. Aetiological STI screening is urgently needed to reduce the burden of STIs in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Antibacterial Susceptibility Patterns in an Obstetric Population

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Şevki Çelen ◽  
Ayla Sargin Oruç ◽  
Rana Karayalçin ◽  
Sibel Saygan ◽  
Serpil Ünlü ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Susceptibility ◽  
Obstetric Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Introduction. Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB), occurring in 2–11% of pregnancies, is a major predisposition to the development of pyelonephritis, which is associated with obstetrical complications, such as preterm labor and low birth weight infants. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ASB, the antibacterial susceptibilities of the isolated microorganisms and the associated risk factors in an outpatient clinical setting in Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Material and Methods. Between December 2009 and May 2010, pregnant women admitted to the antenatal outpatient clinic were included in this study. The results of a complete urine analysis, midstream urine culture and antibacterial susceptibility were evaluated. Results. Of the 2011 pregnant women included, 171 had ASB (8.5%). E. coli was the most frequently isolated microorganism (76.6%), followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (14.6%). Both microorganisms were highly sensitive to fosfomycin, sensivity being 99.2% for E. coli and 88% for Klebsiella pneumonia. Conclusions. In this certain geographical region, we found E. coli as the most common causative agent of ASB in the obstetric population and it is very sensitive to fosfomycin. We recommend fosfomycin for ASB in pregnant women due to its high sensitivity, ease of administration and safety for use in pregnancy.

Evaluating serum elastin levels in striae gravidarum

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Beril Gürlek ◽  
Ülkü Mete Ural ◽  
Sibel Tuğcugil ◽  
Medeni Arpa ◽  
Özgür Önal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Striae Gravidarum ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Objective Striae gravidarum (SG) is the most common dermatological defect in pregnancy leading to cosmetic anxiety with unknown etiopathogenesis. The aim of the study was to analyze the relation between serum elastin levels and striae and identify possible independent associated risk factors. Materials and methods This was a prospective observational study. In total, 138 primipara pregnant women were examined before delivery. Participants were separated into two groups according to the presence of SG. Striae assessment was performed according to Davey score. Before the active phase of labor patients were physically examined and blood samples were collected. Personal characteristics, features of birth, skin findings and serum elastin levels were compared between groups. Results Term pregnant women with SG had significantly higher serum elastin levels than those without SG (99.46 ± 32.92 vs. 88.36 ± 19.12, respectively; p = 0.018). Conclusions Serum elastin levels were increased in women with SG. However, the newly synthesized elastin may not be functional as it is thin and disorganized. Therefore, increased elastin production may not prevent the formation of striae. This finding may provide an impetus to explore the pathomechanisms of striae. Further controlled trials are warranted to determine the clinical significance of serum elastin levels in the formation of SG.

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