scholarly journals Plasma Levels of Uric Acid, Urea and Creatinine in Diabetics Who Visit the Clinical Analysis Laboratory (CAn-Lab) at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A.A Amartey
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Kwame Nkrumah ◽  
Analysis Laboratory

scholarly journals Melatonin and diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats: impact on the hypophysial-testicular axis

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo A. Scacchi Bernasconi ◽  
Nancy P. Cardoso ◽  
Roxana Reynoso ◽  
Pablo Scacchi ◽  
Daniel P. Cardinali
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Testosterone Secretion ◽  
Diet Manipulation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCombinations of fructose- and fat-rich diets in experimental animals can model the human metabolic syndrome (MS). In rats, the increase in blood pressure (BP) after diet manipulation is sex related and highly dependent on testosterone secretion. However, the extent of the impact of diet on rodent hypophysial-testicular axis remains undefined. In the present study, rats drinking a 10% fructose solution or fed a high-fat (35%) diet for 10 weeks had higher plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and lower plasma levels of testosterone, without significant changes in circulating follicle-stimulating hormone or the weight of most reproductive organs. Diet manipulation brought about a significant increase in body weight, systolic BP, area under the curve (AUC) of glycemia after an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), and plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid levels. The concomitant administration of melatonin (25 μg/mL of drinking water) normalized the abnormally high LH levels but did not affect the inhibited testosterone secretion found in fructose- or high-fat-fed rats. Rather, melatonin per se inhibited testosterone secretion. Melatonin significantly blunted the body weight and systolic BP increase, the increase in the AUC of glycemia after an IPGTT, and the changes in circulating lipid profile and uric acid found in both MS models. The results are compatible with a primary inhibition of testicular function in diet-induced MS in rats and with the partial effectiveness of melatonin to counteract the metabolic but not the testicular sequelae of rodent MS.

Is idiopathic recurrent calcium urolithiasis in males a cellular disease? Laboratory findings in plasma, urine and erythrocytes, emphasizing the absence and presence of stones, oxidative and mineral metabolism: an observational study

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Otto Schwille ◽  
Mahimaidos Manoharan ◽  
Angelika Schmiedl
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calcium Urolithiasis

AbstractBackground: The site of origin of idiopathic recurrent calcium urolithiasis (IRCU) – a disorder characterized by stones composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx) and/or calcium phosphate (CaPi) – is uncertain, because in urine such risk factors for stones as disturbed Ox, Ca and Pi are not regularly observed. Aims: To evaluate whether imbalance of antioxidants and oxidants might be present in IRCU patients that is then followed by abnormal urine, plasma and intracellular mineral homeostasis, and stones. Methods: Males were investigated in the laboratory under standardized conditions, and three trials were organized. Trial 1 was cross-sectional, comparing IRCU patients with (n=111) and without stones in situ (n=126), focussing on abnormalities of oxypurines and minerals in urine and plasma, and metabolic activity (MA) of the disease. Trial 2 was partly controlled (n=14 healthy subjects; n=53 IRCU patients), comparing the plasma levels of total antioxidant status (TAS) and uric acid, the major antioxidant in humans, using the subsets Low (n=26) and High (n=27) TAS among IRCU patients in terms of plasma levels of uric acid, ascorbic acid, albumin, α-tocopherol and minerals, urinary minerals, CaOx and CaPi (hydroxyapatite) supersaturation. Trial 3, comprising stone-free IRCU patients (n=8) and healthy controls (n=8), compared minerals and mineral ratios in plasma and red blood cells (RBCs). Established analytical methodologies were used throughout. Results: In trial 1, uricemia, hypoxanthinuria and proteinuria were elevated, fractional urinary clearance (FE) of uric acid was decreased in stone-bearing patients, and MA correlated positively with uricemia and urinary total protein excretion. In trial 2, TAS was significantly decreased in IRCU patients vs. healthy controls; low TAS coincided with low plasma uric acid and albumin, unchanged ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and parathyroid hormone, but increased FE-uric acid and Pi excretion; the latter correlated negatively with TAS. In trial 3, plasma minerals were significantly decreased in IRCU patients vs. controls, and Ca/Pi, (Ca/Pi)/Mg and (Ca/Pi)/Na molar ratios increased; the latter ratio was also increased in RBCs, and correlated highly positively with the same ratio in plasma. Conclusions: In IRCU 1) renal stones in situ in combination with high fasting uricemia, high hypoxanthinuria and protein-uria, and high MA suggest that a systemic metabolic anomaly underlies stone formation; 2) antioxidant deficit is frequent, unrelated to the presence or absence of stones but apparently related to poor renal uric acid recycling, low uricemia and albuminemia, exaggerated urinary Pi excretion, and low MA; 3) the combination of low plasma TAS, disordered Ca/Pi and other mineral ratios in urine, plasma and RBCs, but unchanged urinary Ca salt supersaturation is compatible with the view that CaPi solid and Ca microlith formation start inside oxidatively damaged cells.

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Men with Elevated Macroprolactin Content: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (01) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Robert Krysiak ◽  
Witold Szkróbka ◽  
Bogusław Okopień
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Background Macroprolactinemia is a condition associated with the presence of large amounts of high molecular weight complexes of prolactin. Despite high prevalence, clinical significance of macroprolactin remains poorly understood. Objective The aim of this study was to assess cardiometabolic risk in men with isolated macroprolactinemia. Methods The study population included 11 men with isolated macroprolactinemia, 14 subjects with monomeric hyperprolactinemia and 14 men with prolactin levels within the reference range. Glucose homeostasis markers, plasma lipids, as well as plasma levels of uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined in all included patients. Results Compared to healthy counterparts, men with isolated macroprolactinemia had higher levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, hsCRP and fibrinogen, lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and reduced insulin sensitivity. Patients with monomeric hyperprolactinemia were characterized by increased plasma levels of 2-h postchallenge glucose, triglycerides, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen and homocysteine, reduced insulin sensitivity and decreased plasma concentrations of HDL cholesterol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Subjects with isolated macroprolactinemia differed from patients with monomeric hyperprolactinemia in postchallenge plasma glucose, insulin sensitivity, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In men with monomeric hyperprolactinemia, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen, homocysteine and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, while in men with elevated levels of macroprolactin, uric acid, hsCRP, fibrinogen and 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlated with a content of monomeric prolactin or macroprolactin, respectively, as well as with a degree of insulin sensitivity. Conclusions The obtained results suggest that macroprolactinemia may increase cardiometabolic risk but to a lesser extent than monomeric hyperprolactinemia.

Conceptual framework for scholarly communication guidance by the academic library: The case of Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1137-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther White ◽  
Lizette King
Keyword(s):  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Academic Library ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Academic Librarians ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Kwame Nkrumah

This article seeks to give academic librarians insight and guidelines into the provision of an effective scholarly communication guidance to doctoral students. The findings of the study showed that doctoral students had not received much training and guidance on research and scholarly communication practices from their supervisors and academic librarians. The study adopted a case study research design with Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) as the research site and sequential explanatory mixed method approach. A proposed scholarly communication guidance model to be used by the academic library is presented. The model proposes that scholarly communication guidance should be offered to doctoral students immediately they enrol for their programmes, throughout their research process, and finally when the research is completed since they are expected to conduct original research. The model will guide the drafting of policies and the academic library in developing tailor-made channels and contents for scholarly communication guidance to doctoral students. The study has contributed to the body of knowledge on scholarly communication guidance by the academic library to doctoral students as previous studies recorded in the literature pertains mostly to faculty and not to students – particularly doctoral students.

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