Mediastinal Actinomycosis: A Rare Mediastinal Pseudotumour

Actinomycosis, once fairly common and often catastrophic, has now become an occasional infection in the era of antibiotics. The infection is caused by a branching Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic microorganism Actinomycetes. Various forms of the diseases in decreasing order of their frequency include cervico-facial form, abdomino-pelvic form and thoracic form. The thoracic involvement occurs in approximately 15% of all cases of actinomycosis. The disease presents with nonspecific signs and symptoms and therefore establishment of a definitive diagnosis with clinical and radiological investigations is difficult. The clinical and radiological picture mimics a number of other pulmonary conditions like cancer, tuberculosis, lung abscess and pneumonia. To reach at a definitive diagnosis one needs to have a high degree of suspicion and carry out histopathological studies in order to look for colonies of Actinomycetes as well as sulphur granules which are pathognomic for the infection. Here is a case of a 48-year-old diabetic male presenting with complaints of pain and swelling of neck, fever, dysphagia, dyspnea and cough with a mediastinal tumour like appearance on chest radiography. The patient underwent various noninvasive and invasive diagnostic modalities that included Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT), Ultrasonography (USG) of thorax and histopathological examination of the cervical lymph nodes (level 2 and 3). The disease process was initially thought to be tubercular or malignant in origin which later turned out to be an actinomycotic lesion which was confirmed on the histopathological study of the lymph node specimen, that responded to antibiotics over a period of few months.

Download Full-text

Appendicular Tuberculosis as Manifestation of Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis: A Case Report

Jurnal Respirasi ◽

10.20473/jr.v7-i.3.2021.122-126 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 122

Author(s):

Yuliza Yuliza ◽

Alfian Nur Rosyid ◽

Wiwin Is Effendi ◽

Prastuti Asta Wulaningrum ◽

Herley Windo Setiawan

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Pain ◽

Acute Appendicitis ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Definitive Diagnosis ◽

Chronic Abdominal Pain ◽

Gastrointestinal Tuberculosis ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Histopathology Result ◽

The Right

Introduction: Gastrointestinal tuberculosis (GI TB) is quite rare with 3% incidence of all extrapulmonary involvement. Appendicular TB may occur in 0.1 - 3% of cases. Diagnosis is often difficult because the patient usually complains about chronic abdominal pain and fever. A definite diagnosis is based on histopathological examination of resected specimens from the appendectomy procedure.Case: We present a 37-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital with chronic abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and loss of body weight. The patient never had a persistent cough, hemoptysis, or night sweating. Physical examination showed pain and muscular rigidity in the right iliac area during palpation with Blumberg's sign and Rovsing's sign positive. Abdomen ultrasound imaging showed an appendicular abscess. The patient underwent appendectomy afterwards with histopathology result showing TB. The patient was treated with first category anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATD).Discussion: Diagnosis of appendicular TB is difficult due to unspecific clinical presentations. Appendicular TB patients often complain of signs and symptoms which are similar to acute appendicitis. These conditions can delay ATD treatment because the definitive diagnosis could be made after histopathological examination.Summary: Appendicular TB is a rare case of extrapulmonary TB. It can present as acute appendicitis. The definitive diagnosis is based on the histopathological examination. It is recommended to check the appendicectomy specimens histopathologically to exclude TB or other diseases.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Breast Lumps by Ultrasound and Correlation with Histological Findings

Journal of Surgical Sciences ◽

10.3329/jss.v23i1.44238 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 10-12

Author(s):

Nelema Jahan ◽

Md. Mamunur Rahman ◽

Mohammad Shahidul Alam ◽

Md Saiful Islam

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Breast Diseases ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Breast Lump ◽

Histopathological Findings ◽

Malignant Breast ◽

Breast Lumps ◽

One Year ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: A breast lump is the most common symptom associated with both benign and malignant breast diseases. Therefore, a distinction of benign from malignant lump is of importance for proper management. Though a definitive diagnosis is possible with imaging for all the lesions, histopathological study is proven essential for confirming the diagnosis. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of USG and histopathological findings of different breast lump in diagnosis and their comparison. Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of one year from January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 116 patients were included in this study. All breast lumps underwent surgery and the ultrasound findings of these lumps were compared with the histopathological findings. Data were collected from these patients by a preformed questionnaire and finally the data were analyzed. Results: Out of 116 patients only 21 cases were reported as malignant in ultrasound report but histopathology revealed 31 malignant patients. On histopathological examination 10 benign cases turned out to be malignant. Conclusion: The present study was undertaken to evaluate in diagnosing breast mass lesions individually by ultrasound and compared with histopathology for definitive management of a patient. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23 (1) : 10-12

Download Full-text

Immunohistochemistry Particularities of Retroperitoneal Tumors

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.7.6422 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (7) ◽

pp. 1813-1816 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu ◽

Radu Dragos Marcu ◽

Bogdan Socea ◽

Tiberiu Paul Neagu ◽

Camelia Cristina Diaconu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Presentation ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Good Reason ◽

Definitive Diagnosis ◽

Histological Type ◽

Not Given ◽

Medical Specialties ◽

Retroperitoneal Tumors ◽

Extreme Variability ◽

The One

Retroperitoneal space is called sometimes no man�s land�and for a good reason: this is disputed anatomical territory for many surgical and medical specialties. Their wide histological diversity and unspecific clinical presentation make them a challenge for the surgeon. In order to improve their detection immunohistochemistry seems to show promising results. Methods of detection have evolved over time to identify as much as possible the histological type of tumor. Because of this extreme variability immunohistochemistry through its various markers is the one that often sets the definitive diagnosis, the simple histopathological examination being insufficient. This paper aims to highlight the main markers used in retroperitoneal tumors. As it can be seen there is a huge histologic areal for these tumors. Some have proven some of them still not. Given the fact that there is a tendency toward personalized therapy it is imperative to identify the histological type of tumor as soon as possible.

Download Full-text

Clinical Features and Outcomes of a Racially Diverse Population with Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis

American Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1159/000455390 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 248-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Fernanda Payan Schober ◽

Meghan A. Jobson ◽

Caroline J. Poulton ◽

Harsharan K. Singh ◽

Volker Nickeleit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Characteristics ◽

Disease Process ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Patient Characteristics ◽

Underlying Disease ◽

Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis ◽

Black Patients ◽

End Stage ◽

20 Nm ◽

The University

Background: Fibrillary glomerulonephritis is characterized by randomly arranged fibrils, approximately 20 nm in diameter by electron microscopy. Patients present with proteinuria, hematuria and kidney insufficiency, and about half of the reported patients progress to end-stage kidney disease within 4 years. The dependence of patient characteristics and outcomes on race has not been explored. In this study, we describe a cohort of patients with fibrillary glomerulonephritis and compare their clinical characteristics and outcomes with those of patients previously described. Methods: The University of North Carolina (UNC) Nephropathology Database was used to retrospectively identify patients diagnosed with fibrillary glomerulonephritis between 1985 and 2015. Of these patients, those treated at UNC were selected. Their demographic and clinical characteristics - including signs and symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory values, treatments and outcomes - were compared with those of patients described earlier. Results: Among the 287 patients identified, 42 were treated at the UNC Kidney Center. When compared to earlier cohorts, a higher frequency of black race, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and use of hemodialysis were noted in both black and HCV-positive patients. Autoimmune diseases, infections and malignancies were frequently observed, present in over half of all cases. Conclusion: According to this study, fibrillary glomerulonephritis represents a secondary glomerular disease process (associated with autoimmune disease, infection or malignancy) in many cases and hence screening is essential. As the screening for comorbidities increased over time, more underlying causes were identified. We noted a high frequency of HCV among black patients, suggesting a possible causative association. Treatment of underlying disease is essential for patients for the best outcome.

Download Full-text

Methotrexate-Associated Lymphoproliferative Disorder: Dermoscopic Features

Case Reports in Dermatology ◽

10.1159/000489694 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 149-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Takeshi Namiki ◽

Yumiko Sone ◽

Keiko Miura ◽

Masaru Tanaka ◽

Hiroo Yokozeki

Keyword(s):

Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Lymphoid Cells ◽

Erythematous Plaque ◽

Rheumatic Arthritis ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Perivascular Infiltrate ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Enhanced Computed Tomography

Methotrexate-related lymphoproliferative disorder (MTX-LPD) is a rare disorder caused by long-term MTX therapy for autoimmune diseases. There has been no report of the dermoscopic features of MTX-LPD to date. A 64-year-old female presented with a slightly elevated indurated erythematous plaque with scales on her right thigh. The patient had been treated for rheumatic arthritis with MTX and prednisolone for more than 15 years, and 18 mg/week MTX without prednisolone had been administered in the last year. Dermoscopy revealed dotted vessels and glomerular vessels on pink homogeneous areas and multiple surface scales. Enhanced computed tomography showed multiple nodules and lymphadenopathies at the mediastinum and axillae. Histopathological examination revealed telangiectasia in the superficial dermis. Atypical lymphoid cells were scattered in the whole dermis and subcutaneous tissue. A perivascular infiltrate of atypical lymphocytes and histiocytoid cells partially destroyed the vessel walls. Epstein-Barr virus in situ hybridization showed a positive result. The cessation of MTX reduced the erythematous plaque, and lymphadenopathies at the neck, mediastinum, and axillae were not palpable. We discuss the relevance of these dermoscopic and histopathological features. The accumulation of such cases will reveal the dermoscopic features of MTX-LPD and the utility of dermoscopy for the diagnosis of MTX-LPD.

Download Full-text

Enlarging Thrombosed Aneurysm of the Distal Basilar Artery

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/00006123-199004000-00025 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 695-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Hunt H. Batjer ◽

Phillip D. Purdy

Keyword(s):

Basilar Artery ◽

Disease Process ◽

Giant Aneurysm ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Radiographic Examination ◽

Third Nerve Palsy ◽

Difficult Condition ◽

Operative Exploration ◽

Definitive Therapy ◽

Distal Internal Carotid Artery

Abstract The case of a 65-year-old man who had partial left third nerve palsy is reported. Radiographic examination disclosed a completely thrombosed giant suprasellar aneurysm. Although an angiogram appeared to indicate that his aneurysm arose from the distal basilar artery, he was also noted to have an unusual and ectatic distal internal carotid artery on the left side, and this was also felt to be a potential source of the aneurysm. Operative exploration was performed and confirmed the basilar artery as the sight of origin, and definitive therapy was deferred. The patient's progress was monitored, and for 3 years his neurological course was stable and there was no change in his radiographic abnormalities. During the 6 months following this period, the patient developed signs and symptoms of progressing hydrocephalus and was found to have significant enlargement of his still completely thrombosed giant aneurysm. This complicated case highlights the controversy regarding the management of this difficult condition, particularly with regard to endovascular therapies, and also provides insight into the evolution of this dynamic disease process.

Download Full-text

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF BLACK SEED OIL ON DIABETES-INDUCED - TESTICULAR DAMAGE: A HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

10.36106/ijsr/9045949 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 29-31

Author(s):

Seval Kaya ◽

Yusuf Nergiz ◽

Firat Asir

Keyword(s):

Tissue Damage ◽

Seed Oil ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Male Rats ◽

Seminiferous Tubules ◽

Control Group ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Diabetes Group ◽

Black Seed ◽

Black Seed Oil

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the protective effect of black seed oil against testicular tissue damage in diabetic rats. A total of 18 male rats were divided into 3 groups, including 6 rats in each group.Groups; control (n=6), diabetes (n=6), diabetes + black seed oil (n=6). A single dose of 45 mg / kg streptozocine (STZ) was injected intraperitoneally to induce diabetes. Diabetes + Black seed oil group: For 56 days, 2.5 ml / kg of black seed oil was administered orally to rats.The rats were sacriced at the end of 56 days. Testicular tissues were taken for routine parafn tissue processing for histopathological examination. Parafn sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin and PAS and examined under a light microscope. Atrophy and degeneration were observed in the seminiferous tubules of diabetic group. Histology of black seed oil group sections were similar to that of control group. A signicant difference was found between the black seed oil group and the diabetes group in terms of blood glucose values. As a result, we think that Black Seed Oil ameliorates to the tissue damage caused by diabetes and the decrease in blood sugar value.

Download Full-text

Histopathological Study of Lesions of the Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses and Nasopharynx in a Tertiary Care Centre, Visakhapatnam over a Period of 2 Years

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/557 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (33) ◽

pp. 3054-3059

Author(s):

Rajendra Prasad Jagannadham ◽

Lakshmi Latchupatula ◽

Sravani Ponnada ◽

Neelima Lalam ◽

Raghunadhababu Gudipudi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasal Cavity ◽

Paranasal Sinuses ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Malignant Tumours ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Predominance

BACKGROUND A variety of non - neoplastic and neoplastic conditions involve the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx and these are very common lesions encountered in clinical practice. Histopathological examination of these lesions is the gold standard for diagnosis because management and prognosis vary among different lesions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histopathological study of the lesions of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx in relation to their incidence, age, gender and site wise distribution and to compare the results with the available data. METHODS A study of 88 cases was conducted for a period of 2 years from August 2017 to July 2019. After fixation, Processing and Haematoxylin and Eosin staining and special stains histopathological diagnosis was made. RESULTS Among 88 total cases, 58 were males and 30 were females. A male predominance was observed with a male to female ratio of 1.93 : 1. They were more common in third, fourth and fifth decade of life. Malignant nasal lesions were seen after fourth decade of life. Nasal lesions were more common in nasal cavity (67.05 %), followed by paranasal sinuses (18.18 %) and nasopharynx (14.75). Out of 88 total cases, 39 (44.32 %) were non - neoplastic, 30 (34.09 %) were benign and 19 (21.59 %) were malignant nasal lesions. CONCLUSIONS Sinonasal lesions and nasopharyngeal lesions can have various differential diagnoses. A complete clinical, radiological and histopathological correlation helps to categorize these sinonasal lesions into various non - neoplastic and neoplastic types. But histopathological examination remains the mainstay of definitive diagnosis. KEYWORDS Nasal Cavity, Paranasal Sinuses, Nasopharynx, Benign Tumours, Malignant Tumours, Histopathological Examination

Download Full-text

Epidemiological profile of workers with musculoskeletal disorders of a supermarket company

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/0103-5150.028.003.ao16 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 573-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcia Benites da Silva ◽

Caren Lara Martins Picasso ◽

Miriam Pilla Rosito

Keyword(s):

Back Pain ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Disease Process ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Porto Alegre ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Causes ◽

Epidemiological Profile ◽

Physiotherapy Clinic

AbstractIntroduction The epidemiological profile is considered a sensitive indicator of living conditions and the disease process. The musculoskeletal disorders are the most common causes of pain and can lead to disability or restriction of daily activities. These disorders take the name of RCT/OWRD when they are associated with work activities and may be associated with risk conditions at work.Objectives To describe the epidemiological profile of supermarket workers with musculoskeletal disorders under treatment at a physiotherapy clinic in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil.Methods This was a cross-sectional, observational study which used retrospective data collected from 360 records of patients treated from January 2010 to December 2011 in a physiotherapy clinic that provides health services for a supermarket chain.Results There was a predominance of females (73.9%), aged 30–39 years (35.1%); 63.0% reported being single and 73.4% lived in Porto Alegre. The most commonly reported occupation was cashier (31.2%). The main reasons for referral to physiotherapy treatment were low back pain (21.4%), neck pain (19.7%), pain (16.1%), subacromial bursitis (13.9%) and back pain (12.2%). Among the signs and symptoms 95.8% of the sample reported pain in chronic phase.Conclusion The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was high in this group. The presence of pain can disable the worker for daily activities and physiotherapy becomes the therapeutic procedure of choice for their rehabilitation.

Download Full-text

CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF MENTHA LONGIFOLIA AGAINST CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE INDUCED CARDIOTOXICITY IN RATS: A BIOCHEMICAL, ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i9.13004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 214 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ayshath Afroos Shahana A.r. ◽

Sanjiv Karale ◽

Jagadish V. Kamath

Keyword(s):

Creatine Kinase ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Myocardial Damage ◽

Cardioprotective Effect ◽

Cardiac Biomarkers ◽

Oxidative Enzymes ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Marker Enzyme ◽

Creatine Kinase Isoenzyme ◽

Mentha Longifolia

Objective: The current research was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective activity of Mentha longifolia (ML) leaf extract on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats.Methods: Cardiotoxicity was induced in Albino wistar rats of either sex by administering a single injection of cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg, i. p.) on the first day of the experimental period. Mentha longifolia (250 and 500 mg/kg, p. o.) was administered daily for 10 d immediately after administration of cyclophosphamide on the first day. The general observations such as oxidative marker enzyme assays, ECG and histopathology were examined.Results: Cyclophosphamide administration significantly (p<0.05) increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) and decreased the levels of antioxidant markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Cyclophosphamide elevated the levels of biomarker enzymes like creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB), creatine kinase isoenzyme NAC (CK-NAC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Further, the cyclophosphamide-treated rats showed changes in electrocardiographic parameters. Treatment with Mentha longifolia significantly (p<0.05) reversed the status of cardiac biomarkers, ECG and oxidative enzymes in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity. Histopathological examination was also supported the potential cardioprotective effect of Mentha longifolia with reduced damage to the myocardium.Conclusion: The biochemical, ECG and histopathology reports support the potential benefits of Mentha longifolia against myocardial damage which could be attributed to antioxidant activity.

Download Full-text