Vanishing Non-immune Hydrops in Giant Chorioangioma of Placenta

Giant Chorioangioma of placenta is a rare nontrophoblastic tumour of placenta. It may lead to various maternal and foetal complications like massive antepartum haemorrhage, sudden intrauterine foetal demise and non-immune hydrops, although in few cases mother and the foetus remain unaffected. This report is of a 35-year-old G3P1L1A1, presented to hospital at 32 weeks gestation with pain abdomen followed by watery discharge from vagina. Ultrasonography at 30 weeks revealed a huge mass on anterior wall with placenta on posterior wall of uterus although her previous antenatal sonography did not reveal any abnormality either in the foetus or in placenta. Diagnosis of preterm rupture of membranes was confirmed. Hence, she was kept on conservative management; received antibiotics and steroids for foetal lung maturity. Subsequently, the foetus developed mild, steady non-immune hydrops probably due to high output cardiac failure as Values of Middle Cerebral Artery’s Peak Systolic Velocity (MCA-PSV) were within normal limits. Biophysical profile and nonstress test were normal. Guarded foetal prognosis was given due to non-immune hydrops but she delivered a normal female baby with good Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) score with huge chorioangioma of placenta. Although rare, chorioangiomas of placenta should be kept in differential diagnosis of non-immune hydrops that needs regular foetal surveillance and timely intervention in affected foetuses to increase survival after birth.

Download Full-text

Extraordinary Bulging Mass in the Foetus - A Case Report of Bladder Exstrophy

Prenatal Cardiology ◽

10.1515/pcard-2018-0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 48-52

Author(s):

Joanna Łosińska ◽

Maria Respondek-Liberska

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Good Condition ◽

Bladder Exstrophy ◽

External Genitalia ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Abnormal Development ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Incomplete Closure ◽

Tract Infections

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Prenatal diagnosis of bladder exstrophy is extremley rare and difficult. BACKGROUND: Due to abnormal development of the cloacal membrane there is an incomplete closure of the lower abdominal wall, absence of the anterior wall of the bladder and external exposition of the posterior wall. The pubic bones are usually separated, the umbilical cord low inserted and there is abnormal external genitalia development. CASE REPORT: At 21st week of gestation of 39-year-old multigravida multipara referred by a primary care obstetrician to high-specialised centre for a detailed ultrasound examination with a suspicion of bladder absence and inferior umbilical localisation. At 29 weeks of gestation presence of bulging mass of 2 cm, between the umbilical outlet and labia was detected. At 31 weeks of gestation previously detected structure among thighs had 3 cm diameter with lateral umbilical outlet. Major labia were prominent and minor labia were within normal limits. Between two umbilical arteries with an appropriate intraabdominal course there were no transsonic area corresponding to the urinary bladder. The newborn baby was born at term in a good condition, but with an exposed bladder of 4 cm in diameter. The urethral outlet was not visualised and the female genitals were abnormal. After a month the girl underwent primary bladder exstrophy closure. Although she suffers from recurring urinary tract infections, she is in a good general condition. CONCLUSIONS: Due to prenatal diagnostics it was possible to detect and make an initial diagnosis of severe malformation. Early diagnosis allowed to prepare parents for a newborn with a defect and teach them how to take care of the baby.

Download Full-text

The role of local impedance drop in the acute lesion efficacy during pulmonary vein isolation performed with a new contact force sensing catheter—A pilot study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0257050 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0257050

Author(s):

Nándor Szegedi ◽

Zoltán Salló ◽

Péter Perge ◽

Katalin Piros ◽

Vivien Klaudia Nagy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Pulmonary Vein ◽

Pulmonary Vein Isolation ◽

Contact Force ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Force Sensing ◽

Lesion Formation ◽

Force Time

Introduction Our pilot study aimed to evaluate the role of local impedance drop in lesion formation during pulmonary vein isolation with a novel contact force sensing ablation catheter that records local impedance as well and to find a local impedance cut-off value that predicts successful lesion formation. Materials and methods After completing point-by-point radiofrequency pulmonary vein isolation, the success of the applications was evaluated by pacing along the ablation line at 10 mA, 2 ms pulse width. Lesions were considered successful if loss of local capture was achieved. Results Out of 645 applications, 561 were successful and 84 were unsuccessful. Compared to the unsuccessful ablation points, the successful applications were shorter (p = 0.0429) and had a larger local impedance drop (p<0.0001). There was no difference between successful and unsuccessful applications in terms of mean contact force (p = 0.8571), force-time integral (p = 0.0699) and contact force range (p = 0.0519). The optimal cut-point for the local impedance drop indicating successful lesion formation was 21.80 Ohms on the anterior wall [AUC = 0.80 (0.75–0.86), p<0.0001], and 18.30 Ohms on the posterior wall [AUC = 0.77 (0.72–0.83), p<0.0001]. A local impedance drop larger than 21.80 Ohms on the anterior wall and 18.30 Ohms on the posterior wall was associated with an increased probability of effective lesion creation [OR = 11.21, 95%CI 4.22–29.81, p<0.0001; and OR = 7.91, 95%CI 3.77–16.57, p<0.0001, respectively]. Conclusion The measurement of the local impedance may predict optimal lesion formation. A local impedance drop > 21.80 Ohms on the anterior wall and > 18.30 Ohms on the posterior wall significantly increases the probability of creating a successful lesion.

Download Full-text

Pendular stromal tumour of the stomach with dominant PDGFRA immunoexpression: Case report and short literature review

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh1204216l ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 140 (3-4) ◽

pp. 216-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stojan Latincic ◽

Natasa Colovic ◽

Marjan Micev ◽

Radoje Colovic

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Peritoneal Dissemination ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Postoperative Recovery ◽

Stromal Tumour ◽

Cd 117 ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Favourable Evolution ◽

Painless Mass

Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours are most frequent mesenchimal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract that originate from Cajal?s interstitial cells that are most frequently CD-117 positive. Stromal tumours of the stomach are the most frequent mesenchimal tumours of the gastrointestinal tract. Such tumours are usually sessile, but rarely pendular when they can be easily removed with a limited local excision of the stomach wall around the pedicle. Major stomach resections are rarely necessary. Case Outline. In a 54-year-old woman with abdominal pain and fever of unknown aetiology, a large spherical mobile and almost painless mass was found within the upper right abdomen. US and CT showed a mainly cystic, partly solid tumour, of 15.5?12.5 cm in diameters. Laboratory data including tumour markers were within normal limits. At operation a mobile and free tumour of the stomach attached to the anterior wall with a 2.5 cm pedicle was found and easily excised. Abdominal mucosa was normal. There was no liver metastasis or peritoneal dissemination. Hystology and imunohistochemistry showed a rare sclerosing sincitial subtype of stromal tumour with imunophenotype heterogenicity with a dominant PDGFRA and rare CD-117 immunoexpression. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. The patient was symptom-free with no sign of recurrence after a year and a half. Conclusion. A rare subtype of histological highly malignant stromal tumour of the stomach, macroscopically of pendular type, that was easily excised, was presented which so far showed a favourable evolution with no signs of recurrence.

Download Full-text

Spade-Shaped Anastomosis after Laparoscopic Proximal Gastrectomy Using Double Suture Anchoring between the Posterior Wall of the Esophagus and the Anterior Wall of the Stomach (SPADE Operation): A Case Series

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers14020379 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 379

Author(s):

Sin Hye Park ◽

Harbi Khalayleh ◽

Sung Gon Kim ◽

Sang Soo Eom ◽

Fahed Merei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Los Angeles ◽

Anastomotic Stricture ◽

Bile Reflux ◽

Proximal Gastrectomy ◽

Case Series ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Reflux Symptoms ◽

Laparoscopic Proximal Gastrectomy ◽

Technical Modifications

We introduced SPADE operation, a novel anastomotic method after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy (PG). Technical modifications were performed and settled. This report aimed to demonstrate the short-term clinical outcomes after settlement. Data from 34 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic PG with SPADE between June 2017 and March 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Reflux was evaluated based on the patients’ symptoms and follow-up endoscopy using Los Angeles (LA) classification and RGB Classification (Residue, Gastritis, Bile). Other complications were classified using the Clavien–Dindo method. The incidence of reflux esophagitis was 2.9% (1/34). Bile reflux was observed in six patients (17.6%), and residual food was observed in 16 patients (47.1%) in the endoscopy. Twenty-eight patients had no reflux symptoms (82.4%), while five patients (14.7%) and one patient (2.9%) had mild and moderate reflux symptoms, respectively. The rates of anastomotic stricture and ileus were 14.7% (5/34) and 11.8% (4/34), respectively. No anastomotic leakage was observed. The incidence of major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade III or higher) was 14.7%. The SPADE operation following laparoscopic PG is effective in reducing gastroesophageal reflux. Its clinical usefulness should be validated using prospective clinical trials.

Download Full-text

Is fibroid location associated with hemorrhage and complication rates following laparoscopic myomectomy?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-20868/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kiper Aslan ◽

Adnan Orhan ◽

Engin Turkgeldi ◽

Ebru Suer ◽

Nergis Duzok ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Uterine Wall ◽

Laparoscopic Myomectomy ◽

Complication Rates ◽

Analgesic Requirement ◽

Hospitalization Period ◽

Before And After ◽

Wall Groups ◽

Type 3

Abstract Objective To determine whether hemorrhage and complication rates vary according location of the dominant fibroid following laparoscopic myomectomy. Background Laparoscopic myomectomy is associated with less postoperative pain, analgesic requirement, shorter hospitalization period, and less febrile complications when compared to conventional laparotomy. Despite the advantages, complications like hemorrhage, blood transfusion, bowel and urinary tract injury and conversion to laparotomy may be seen in laparoscopic myomectomy. We don’t know whether fibroid location effect these complications. Materials & Methods Women, who underwent laparoscopic myomectomy at two different tertiary academic hospitals, were analyzed retrospectively. Only women with at least one intramural fibroid (Monroe type 3, 4 or 5) were included. Patients were categorized according to localization of the dominant fibroid, i.e. anterior uterine wall, posterior uterine wall, and fundus. Change in hemoglobin levels before and after surgery, and complication rates were compared across categories. Results 219 women with mean age of 35.7 +/-6 years were included. There were 81 women with fundal fibroid, 56 with anterior wall, and 72 with posterior wall fibroid. Other 10 women with intraligamentary and isthmic fibroid were excluded. The mean fibroid diameter was 6.7 ± 2.6, 6.6 ± 2.3, and 6.7 ± 2.3 cm in the fundal, anterior and posterior groups, respectively (p=0.9). The median (25 th – 75 th percentile) changes in hemoglobin levels were 1.5 (0.8 – 2.2), 1.3 (0.6 – 2.1), and 1.3 (0.9 – 2) g/dl in fundal, anterior and posterior wall groups, respectively (p = 0.55). There were 5 (6.2%), 5 (8.9%), and 2 (2.8%) complications in fundal, anterior, and posterior wall groups, respectively (p = 0.33). Conclusion Incidence of hemorrhage or complication does not seem to vary depending on fibroid location. However, the sample size was limited, the observed values suggest that fibroid location does not affect hemorrhage and complication rates.

Download Full-text

Effects of Long-term Nonylphenol Exposure on Myocardial Fibrosis and Cardiac Function in Rats

10.21203/rs.3.rs-142059/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Liu ◽

Chengyu Ni ◽

Weichu Liu ◽

Xiaolian Yang ◽

Renyi Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Creatine Kinase ◽

Myocardial Fibrosis ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Environmental Estrogens ◽

Control Group ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Collagen Iii

Abstract Background: Myocardial fibrosis is a critical pathological basis for the poor prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have found that myocardial fibrosis is closely associated with exposure to environmental estrogens such as nonylphenol (NP), as a representative of environmental estrogens. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of NP chronic exposure on myocardial fibrosis as well as cardiac structure and function. Forty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 10): control group (C), low NP dose (0.4 mg/kg, L), medium NP dose (4 mg/kg, M), and high NP dose (40 mg/kg, H) groups. The NP dose groups were gavaged with NP for 180 days. Results: The NP level in the heart of the NP groups was significantly higher than those in the control group (F = 43.658, P < 0.001). Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isozyme (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) significantly increased in the NP groups compared with the control group (). Histopathological examination of the heart biopsy illustrates that in the medium and high NP groups, the fibrous connective tissue had a disordered and loose gridding shape, muscle fibers had fractured, and muscle fibers were loose with a widened gap. Extensive inflammatory cell infiltration and fibroblast proliferation in the myocardial interstitium were also found. With increasing NP dose, the degree of muscle fiber loosing and disorder became more significant in the NP treatment groups, and the collagen volume fraction (CVF) was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the expression of collagen I and collagen III increased significantly in the medium and high NP groups (P < 0.05). The values of the systolic thickness of the left ventricular anterior wall (LVAWs), the diastolic thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall (LVPWd), the systolic thickness of the left ventricular posterior wall (LVPWs), and the left ventricular anterior wall (LVAWd) in the NP groups are were slightly lower than those in of the control group. The values of left ventricular end systolic dimensions (LVIDs) in the NP groups increased compared with the control group. Conclusions: Long-term NP exposure could lead to fibrosis in the rat myocardium, which is characterized by increased expressions of myocardial collagen I and collagen III, as well as elevated cardiac enzymes. In addition, the cardiac structure was affected and changes were observed in the thinner ventricular wall and as an enlarged ventricular cavity.

Download Full-text

The study of systemic hemodynamic disorders of patients with varicose and post-thrombotic diseases

Regional blood circulation and microcirculation ◽

10.24884/1682-6655-2020-19-2-32-37 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 32-37

Author(s):

I. N. Shanaev

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Right Ventricle ◽

Right Atrium ◽

Ultrasound Examination ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Right Heart ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Flow Through ◽

The Right ◽

Restrictive Type

Aim. Study of heart function in the patients with CVD. Materials and methods. 46 patients with varicosity (VD) and 34 patients with post-thrombotic disease (PTD) were examined; the control group was represented by 15 healthy volunteers. The diagnosis was established using the CEAP basic classification. The study did not include patients with a diagnosed arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung disease, significant hemodynamic heart defects, coronary heart disease. Ultrasound examination of the heart and veins of the lower extremities was performed on a Saote My Lab Alpha, Acuson Sequoia 512 apparatus. In addition to the standard protocol of heart ultrasound examination, the parameters of the right heart were calculated: sizes of the right ventricle (RV), right atrium, thickness of the anterior wall of the pancreas; to assess the ejection fraction (EF) of the pancreas the mobility of the lateral edge of the tricuspid ring was calculated, and the pressure on the tricuspid valve (TV) was measured. Diastolic ventricular function was studied by spectrograms of tricuspid and mitral blood flow. Results. Most of the indicators of cardiac activity in patients with VD were within normal limits, but a tendency to increase increasing of the right heart size was noted. In addition, the thickness of the interventricular septum and the right ventricle (RV) anterior wall was found to increase from 0.8 to 1.1 cm and from 0.3 to 0.5 cm, respectively, according clinical classes from C2 to C6 (CEAP). Eject fraction (EF) of both the RV and the left ventricle (LV) were also within normal limits, but with a tendency to decrease (67.8 % – C2, to 62 % – C6). The growth of the clinical class is followed by the increasing of percentage of non-restrictive blood flow through the tricuspid valve (TV). The restrictive type of blood flow in patients with VD had not been identified. Patients with PTD also showed a tendency to increase the right heart. However, whereas the size of the RV, as a rule, did not exceed 3.0 cm, the size of the right atrium was slightly higher than normal one in the clinical class C4 and C5.6. All the patients had EF of LV within normal limits, but it slightly decreased by the growth of class. Only patient classes C3 and C4 had EF of RV within the normal range. The 18 % of patient class C5.6 had EF lower than normal with value 48%. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) of the RV was detected in 73.3% of patients with class C3 and 100% with classes C4 and C5.6. Moreover, a restrictive type of blood flow through TV appeared from class C4 and the percentage increased up to 27.2% (class C5,6). Conclusions. DD of the RV was the main hemodynamic disorder.

Download Full-text

Abstract 15692: Voltage Mapping in Atrial Fibrillation vs Sinus Rhythm: Results From the Mavs Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.142.suppl_3.15692 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Carola Gianni ◽

Jerri A Cunningham ◽

Sanghamitra Mohanty ◽

CHINTAN TRIVEDI ◽

Domenico G Della Rocca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Sinus Rhythm ◽

Low Voltage ◽

Lateral Wall ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Inferior Wall ◽

Voltage Mapping ◽

First Time ◽

Mapping Catheter

Background: Left atrial (LA) scar can be identified with bipolar voltage mapping during sinus rhythm (SR). It is not clear whether the same voltage criteria can be applied during atrial fibrillation (AF). Objective: Aim of this study was to compare voltage maps performed in the same patient both in AF and SR. Methods: Voltage mapping was performed using a 10-pole circular mapping catheter in patients with non-paroxysmal AF undergoing first time RF ablation. For descriptive purposes, the LA was divided in 6 regions: septum, posterior wall (PW), inferior wall (IW), lateral wall, anterior wall, and roof. The threshold for low voltage was <0.5 mV (with a color range setting 0.2-0.5 mV). Mild “scar” was defined as an area low voltage 5-20%, moderate 20-35% and severe as >35%. Results: 16 patients (62% persistent AF, 38% longstanding persistent AF) were included in the study. The map density was comparable during AF and SR (mean points per map 551 vs 547, paired t test P = NS). 2 patients displayed normal voltage during both AF and SR. 14 patients showed areas of low voltage during AF, which were still present during SR in 8. All patients with mild “scarring” during AF (n = 4), showed normal voltage during SR. Of the 7 patients with moderate “scarring”, 2 patients showed normal voltage during SR, while in the remaining 5 “scarring” was only mild during SR. 3 patients showed extensive “scarring” during AF, which was only moderate during SR. During AF, areas of low voltage were more commonly observed in the PW (12/14) followed by the IW (6/14) and antero-septum (4/14); while in SR, in the antero-septum (4/8), PW (3/8) and IW (3/8). Interestingly, in all patients both the PW/IW and (less dramatically) the antero-septum showed more “scarring” during AF as compared to SR. Conclusion: Areas of low voltage are more severe and diffuse during AF when compared to SR. When areas of low voltage are detected during AF, they are more commonly seen in the PW, IW and antero-septal areas.

Download Full-text

The walls of the femoral neck as an auxiliary tool for femoral stem positioning

Hip International ◽

10.1177/11207000211040763 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 112070002110407

Author(s):

Samuel Morgan ◽

Ofer Sadovnic ◽

Moshe Iluz ◽

Simon Garceau ◽

Nisan Amzallag ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Femoral Neck ◽

Accurate Determination ◽

Femoral Stem ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Femoral Anteversion ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Imaging Analysis ◽

Femoral Condyles

Background: Femoral anteversion is a major contributor to functionality of the hip joint and is implicated in many joint pathologies. Accurate determination of component version intraoperatively is a technically challenging process that relies on the visual estimation of the surgeon. The following study aimed to examine whether the walls of the femoral neck can be used as appropriate landmarks to ensure appropriate femoral prosthesis version intraoperatively. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study based on 32 patients (64 hips) admitted to our centre between July and September 2020 who had undergone a CT scan of their lower limbs. Through radiological imaging analysis, the following measurements were performed bilaterally for each patient: anterior wall version, posterior wall version, and mid-neck femoral version. Anterior and posterior wall version were compared and evaluated relative to mid-neck version, which represented the true version value. Results: Mean anterior wall anteversion was 20° (95% CI, 17.6–22.8°) and mean posterior wall anteversion was −12° (95% CI, −15 to −9.7°). The anterior walls of the femoral neck had a constant of −7 and a coefficient of 0.9 (95% CI, −9.8 to −4.2; p < 0.0001; R2 0.77). The posterior walls of the femoral neck had a constant of 20 and a coefficient of 0.7 (95% CI, 17.8–22.5; p < 0.0001; R2 0.60). Conclusions: Surgeons can accurately obtain femoral anteversion by subtracting 7° from the angle taken between the anterior wall and the posterior femoral condyles or by adding 20° to the angle taken between the posterior wall and the posterior femoral condyles.

Download Full-text

Standardized pulmonary vein isolation workflow to enclose veins with contiguous lesions: the multicentre VISTAX trial

EP Europace ◽

10.1093/europace/euaa157 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 1645-1652

Author(s):

Mattias Duytschaever ◽

Johan Vijgen ◽

Tom De Potter ◽

Daniel Scherr ◽

Hugo Van Herendael ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Vein ◽

Pulmonary Vein Isolation ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Posterior Wall ◽

Anterior Wall ◽

Atrial Arrhythmia ◽

Clinical Trial Registration ◽

First Pass

Abstract Aims To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of pulmonary vein isolation in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) using a standardized workflow aiming to enclose the veins with contiguous and optimized radiofrequency lesions. Methods and results This multicentre, prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at 17 European sites. Pulmonary vein isolation was guided by VISITAG SURPOINT (VS target ≥550 on the anterior wall; ≥400 on the posterior wall) and intertag distance (≤6 mm). Atrial arrhythmia recurrence was stringently monitored with weekly and symptom-driven transtelephonic monitoring on top of standard-of-care monitoring (24-h Holter and 12-lead electrocardiogram at 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up). Three hundred and forty participants with drug refractory PAF were enrolled. Acute effectiveness (first-pass isolation proof to a 30-min wait period and adenosine challenge) was 82.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 77.4–86.7%]. At 12-month follow-up, the rate of freedom from any documented atrial arrhythmia was 78.3% (95% CI 73.8–82.8%), while freedom from atrial arrhythmia by standard-of-care monitoring was 89.4% (95% CI 78.8–87.0%). Freedom fromrepeat ablations by the Kaplan–Meier analysis was 90.4% during 12 months of follow-up. Of the 34 patients with repeat ablations, 14 (41.2%) demonstrated full isolation of all pulmonary vein circles. Primary adverse event (PAE) rate was 3.6% (95% CI 1.9–6.3%). Conclusions The VISTAX trial demonstrated that a standardized PAF ablation workflow aiming for contiguous lesions leads to low rates of PAEs, high acute first-pass isolation rates, and 12-month freedom from arrhythmias approaching 80%. Further research is needed to improve the reproducibility of the outcomes across a wider range of centres. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT03062046, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03062046.

Download Full-text