Does Dual Motor Tasks Provokes Posture Adaptations in Healthy Young Adults? A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carley Bowman ◽  
Aleena Jose ◽  
Martin G Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Anova Analysis ◽  
Dual Tasks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open

Introduction: Most studies on postural deviations during single and dual tasks have been extensively studied in neuromuscular and older adult populations. Nevertheless, further research is warranted to identify whether such tasks can impose postural adaptations in young, healthy adults without sensory impairments. Aim: To assess postural stability modifications in young adults during single tasks and dual motor tasks (holding a cup filled with water) while concomitantly challenging the sensory systems. Materials and Methods: This was the cross-sectional study on 82 young adults (18-45 years old) from Texas Woman’s University (TWU) Health Science Center in Dallas, Texas, and surrounding areas. Standing postural control was measured by collecting total sway, direction of sway and velocity in the Anterior-Posterior (AP) and Medial-Lateral (ML) directions during different balance tasks. For single and dual tasks, the tests were performed with a bipedal stance on foam involving challenging the sensory input via Eyes Open (EO), Eyes Closed (EC), and head movements with eyes open (EO HUD) and closed (EC HUD). The dual motor tasks were similar to the single tasks with the addition of holding a cup full of water to split attention. Data were placed into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Data Analysis 25.0 system and were analysed for repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) analysis. Results: Eighty-two healthy young adults participated in this study (mean age of 24.6±2.7 years, 13 males and 69 females). An ANOVA analysis revealed that postural stability was considerably altered during motor tasks. Sway in the Antero-Posterior (AP) direction, and velocity of sway increased as the complexity of the tasks intensified. A substantial difference in total sway during single tasks when eyes were closed compared to eyes open (p-value <0.01) was noted. There was a significant difference in total sway (AP and ML) during eyes open (EOM) to eyes closed (ECM) and during eyes open with head moving up and down (EOM HUD) (p-value 0.001). There were significant differences in mean AP velocity during EO (0.11±0.12) compared to EC HUD (0.19±0.15), and when comparing EOM (0.07±0.04) to ECM HUD (0.13±0.08) (p=0.01) Conclusion: This study identified postural changes when comparing single and dual tasks in healthy young adults, and the outcomes of this study showed definite distinctions in postural responses during single and dual motor tasks.

Kinematic Analysis of Dance-Based Exergaming: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest K. Ofori ◽  
Savitha Subramaniam ◽  
Shuaijie Wang ◽  
Tanvi Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Aging Populations ◽  
Cortical Pathology

Background: Recent studies demonstrate improvements in both postural stability and mobility among aging populations and those with stroke who are exposed to dance-based exergaming (DBExG). However, age-related deficits and aging with cortical pathology may lead to distinct movement adaptation patterns during DBExG, which could impact therapeutic outcomes.Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the movement kinematics (postural stability and mobility) of healthy older adults, older adults with stroke, and young adults for different paces of dance during DBExG. Method: The study included 33 particpants (11 participant from each group of healthy older adults, older adults with chronic stroke, and healthy young adults) who performed the DBExG using slow- (SP), medium- (MP), and fast-paced (FP) songs with movements in the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions. Center of mass (CoM) sway area, excursion (Ex), and peaks as well as hip, knee, and ankle joint excursions were computed. Results: Results of the study revealed that CoM sway areas and Exs were greater for healthy young adults than for older adults with stroke for the SP dance (p < 0.05) and that there were significantly more AP CoM peaks for young adults than for healthy older adults and those with stroke for the FP dance (p < 0.05). Young adults also exhibited greater hip and ankle Exs than older adults with stroke (p < 0.05) for all song paces. Similarly, knee and ankle Exs were greater for healthy older adults than for older adults with stroke for all song paces (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The quantitative evaluation and comparison of the movement patterns presented for the three groups could provide a foundation for both assessing and designing therapeutic DBExG protocols for these populations.

Can Taekwondo Footwear Affect Postural Stability in Young Adults?

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley S. M. Fong ◽  
Shamay S. M. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Sensory Organization ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Strategy Score ◽  
Visual Conditions

Background: This study aims to investigate the effect of taekwondo footwear on unilateral stance stability and use of postural control strategies and to determine whether taekwondo footwear influences the somatosensory inputs for postural stability and postural strategies in young adults. Methods: A quasi-randomized crossover trial was conducted on 33 healthy young adults at a university research laboratory. Independent variables, including shoe conditions (shoes on and shoes off) and visual conditions (eyes open and eyes closed), were taken into account. The center of gravity (COG) sway velocity in unilateral stance and the strategy scores in the sensory organization test were measured. No intervention was given to the participants. Results: There was no significant interaction between the two factors (the shoe and visual conditions) for COG sway velocities (P = .447) and strategy scores (P = .320). The shoe condition was not significant in either COG sway velocity (P = .484) or strategy score (P = .126). The visual condition was significant for COG sway velocity (P &lt; .001) but not for strategy score (P = .573). The mean ± SD COG sway velocity with eyes open was 0.7° ± 0.2°/sec and with eyes closed was 1.7° ± 0.6°/sec (P &lt; .001). Conclusions: Taekwondo footwear is unlikely to affect somatosensory inputs and balance performance in young adults. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 103(4): 291–296, 2013)

scholarly journals DIFFERENCES IN HIP MUSCLE STRENGTH AND STATIC BALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH TRANSFEMORAL AMPUTATIONS CLASSIFIED AT DIFFERENT K-LEVELS: A PRELIMINARY CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie John ◽  
Katja Orlowski ◽  
Kai-Uwe Mrkor ◽  
Jürgen Edelmann-Nusser ◽  
Kerstin Witte
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hip Strength ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Hip Muscle ◽  
Eyes Open

BACKGROUND: Following amputation, patients with lower limb amputations (LLA) are classified into different functional mobility levels (K-levels) ranging from K0 (lowest) to K4 (highest). However, K-level classification is often based on subjective criteria. Objective measures that are able to differentiate between K-levels can help to enhance the objectivity of K-level classification. OBJECTIVE(S): The goal of this preliminary cross-sectional study was to investigate whether differences in hip muscle strength and balance parameters exist among patients with transfemoral amputations (TFA) assigned to different K-levels. METHODOLOGY: Twenty-two participants with unilateral TFA were recruited for this study, with four participants assigned to K1 or K2, six assigned to K3 and twelve assigned to K4. Maximum isometric hip strength of the residual limb was assessed in hip flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction using a custom-made diagnostic device. Static balance was investigated in the bipedal stance on a force plate in eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate differences between K-level groups. FINDINGS: Statistical analyses revealed no significant differences in the parameters between the three K-level groups (p>0.05). Descriptive analysis showed that all hip strength parameters differed among K-level groups showing an increase in maximum hip torque from K1/2-classified participants to those classified as K4. Group differences were also present in all balance parameters. Increased sway was observed in the K1/2 group compared to the K4 group, especially for the EC condition. CONCLUSION: Although not statistically significant, the magnitude of the differences indicates a distinction between K-level groups. These results suggest that residual limb strength and balance parameters may have the potential to be used as objective measures to assist K-level assignment for patients with TFA. This potential needs to be confirmed in future studies with a larger number of participants. Layman's Abstract Patients with lower limb amputation (LLA) are classified into different mobility levels, so-called K-levels, which are ranging from K0 (lowest) to K4 (highest). K-level classification is relevant for the patients as it determines the type of prosthetic components available. However, K-level can vary greatly based on the clinician or orthopedic technician individual assessment. Objective data from physical performance tests can help to improve K-level classification. Therefore, muscle strength tests of the amputation stump as well as balance tests were performed in this study to determine whether these parameters have the potential to support K-level classification. Twenty-two participants with a thigh amputation participated in the study (four K1/2-, six K3- and twelve K4-participants). Hip muscle strength on the amputation side was assessed as well as static balance in the double leg stance with eyes open and eyes closed. Analysis of the data showed that all hip strength parameters differed between the K-level groups, with maximum strength increasing from the K1/2 group to the K4 group. Group differences were also seen in the balance parameters with greater body sway for the K1/2 group when compared to the K4 group, especially when participants had their eyes closed. These results show that muscle strength tests of the residual limb and static balance tests may serve as additional measures to improve K-level assignment for patients with LLA. This was only an initial study and further studies with a larger number of participants are required to confirm these results. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/37456/28905 How To Cite: John S, Orlowski K, Mrkor K.U, Edelmann-Nusser J, Witte K. Differences in hip muscle strength and static balance in patients with transfemoral amputations classified at different K-levels: A preliminary cross-sectional study. Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. 2022; Volume 5, Issue 1, No.5. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v5i1.37456 Corresponding Author: Stefanie John,Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Humanities, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.E-Mail: [email protected] ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6722-7195

scholarly journals Brazilian girls who practice classical ballet develop different motor strategies regarding postural stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Rafaela Noleto dos Santos ◽  
Adriano Jabur Bittar ◽  
Tânia Cristina Dias da Silva Hamu ◽  
Andreja Paley Picon
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Classical Ballet

Introduction: The growth and development of children is a product of the interaction of biological andenvironmental factors. Dance practice can optimize various aspects of motor control, coordination andbalance in childhood and adolescence. Objective: The objective of the present study was to verify how the practice of classical ballet, at a professional level, can influence the plantar pressures and balance of children and adolescents, as well as to verify if subjects’ vision and posture of the upper limbs can interfere in this result. Methods: Cross-sectional study performed with 111 girls aged 10 to 15 years who practice classical ballet (n = 56) and non-dancers (n = 55). Anthropometry (BMI), plantar pressures and postural stability (baropodometry platform) were assessed. Three different conditions: eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC) and arms outstretched (AO) were observed. Data analysis performed by using group comparison and correlation tests. Results: Those who practiced classical ballet placed less weight onto the left forefoot, presented lower values of maximum pressure and plantar surface area in all the evaluated conditions and moved less in the stabilometry analysis. It also observed that ballet dancers were more influenced by vision and positioning of the upper limbs than the group of non-dancers. Length of time as a dancer influenced the results found. Conclusions: Girls who practice classical ballet have specific characteristics of plantar pressure and develop different postural control strategies when compared to typical girls of similar age, especially in the arms outstretch position.

The Immediate Effects of Tai Chi via a Video Platform Delivery on the Postural Stability of Healthy Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Zachary A. M. Cordingley ◽  
Paolo Sanzo ◽  
Carlos Zerpa
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Instructional Video ◽  
Surface Conditions ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Eyes Open

Tai chi is effective for improving the postural stability of older adults, but the effects on healthy young adults has yet to be investigated. Currently, the use of virtual delivery platforms for various exercise prescriptions to patients has had to be quickly introduced related to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and physical distancing requirements. This study attempted to explore the pre-/post-test measures of postural stability from 15 healthy young adult participants under eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) and firm/foam surface conditions after learning a battery of tai chi exercises and forms delivered by instructional video. Center of pressure-based measures of mean sway velocity (MSV) and 95% elliptical sway area (EA) were assessed. Three-way ANOVAs were conducted to determine if MSV and EA were significantly different across the eye conditions, surface conditions, and time. Both EA and MSV were found to significantly increase from EO to EC on a foam surface; however, only MSV under EC conditions was found to decrease significantly following the intervention.

scholarly journals Stability of Three Different Sanitary Shoes on Healthcare Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2126 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Manuel Sánchez-Sáez ◽  
Patricia Palomo-López ◽  
Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo ◽  
César Calvo-Lobo ◽  
Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Measurements

Background: The main purpose of this research was to determine the stability of three different sanitary shoes on nurses with eyes open and closed with respect to barefoot condition. In addition, the secondary aim was to determine the reliability of stability measurements under these different conditions. Methods: A crossover quasi-experimental study (NCT03764332) was performed. Twenty-six nurses who wore different sanitary shoes (Eva Plus Ultralight®, Gym Step® and Milan-SCL Liso®) were evaluated with respect to barefoot condition for stability measures on the Podoprint® podobarometric and stabilometry tool and with eyes open and closed. Furthermore, the reliability of stability measurements was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) under these different conditions. Results: Between-groups comparisons of the static and stabilometry podobarometric data with eyes open showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Milan-SCL Liso® sanitary shoes improved podobarometric data of forefoot force and distribution with respect to barefoot condition. Eva Plus Ultralight® and Gym Step® sanitary shoes increased the stroke length mean, stroke surface mean, and anterior speed mean as well as reduced y axis displacement mean with respect to barefoot condition. Similar findings were determined for measurements with eyes closed. ICCs ranged from poor to excellent reliability (ICC = 0.010–0.995). Conclusions: Sanitary shoes improved podobarometric and stabilometry stability with respect to barefoot condition.

scholarly journals Influence of Visual Information and Sex on Postural Control in Children Aged 6–12 Years Assessed with Accelerometric Technology

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 637
Author(s):  
Jesús García-Liñeira ◽  
Raquel Leirós-Rodríguez ◽  
José Luis Chinchilla-Minguet ◽  
José Luis García-Soidán
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Visual Inputs ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Muscular Activation

The performance of postural control is believed to be linked to how children use available sensory stimuli to produce adequate muscular activation. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to thoroughly explore postural stability under normal conditions and without visual information in postural control in children aged 6–12 years during static single-leg support. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 316 children (girls = 158). The analyzed variables were the mean and maximum values obtained in each of the three body axes and their root mean square during two static single-leg support tests: one with eyes open and one with eyes closed. Girls showed lower magnitudes in the recorded accelerations at all ages and in all the variables of both tests. Accelerations during the tests showed progressively lower values from 6 to 12 years of age. The sex had a significant influence on the magnitude obtained in the accelerations recorded during the tests. Improvements in balance with increasing age were greater with visual information than without visual information. The tests of single-leg support showed preferential sensorimotor strategies in boys and girls: boys tend to rely more on visual inputs, and girls process somesthetic information in a preferential way.

scholarly journals Impact of acne on quality of life in young Pakistani adults and its relationship with severity: A multicenter study

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaheen Naveed ◽  
Sadia Masood ◽  
Atiya Rahman ◽  
Safia Awan ◽  
Saadia Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Acne

Objectives: The current study aimed to determine the effect of acne vulgaris on quality of life of young adults and to assess the correlation between acne severity and impairment of quality of life (QOLI). Methods: In this multi-center cross-sectional study, 163 young adults with acne vulgaris were assessed for severity and quality of life impairment between December 2016 and May 2017 at three tertiary care hospitals. Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) was used to assess the quality of life while the severity of acne measured by Global Acne Grading System (GAGS). Data were collected on standardized forms, with CADI, GAGS scores, and sociodemographic data and analyzed using SPSS version 9. The quantitative variables were presented as means, median and qualitative variables expressed as frequency and percentages. P-value ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant.  Results: Out of 163 patients enrolled in this study, the mean age was 21.6 ± 4.9 years and 124 were females and 39 males. In mild QOLI, 56 (87.5%) cases were affected with mild, 11 (13.4%) with moderate and 1 (1.5%) case had severe acne. While, in moderate QOLI, 8(12.5%) cases were of mild, 60 (73.2%) were moderate and 6 (35.3%) cases affected with severe acne. The severe impairment of QOL noted in 11 (13.4%) moderate and 10 (58.8%) severe acne cases. The relationship between sex was statistically significant, (P<0.001). The result showed significant correlation between severity of acne vulgaris and the quality of life impairment of these patients (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study showed significant correlation between acne vulgaris and quality of life impairment. Cardiff acne disability index has proven to be a reliable tool to assess the quality of life. It is recommended to be used routinely in dermatology clinics to provide tailored treatment to individuals because mild disease may be disproportionately distressing for patients. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.2819 How to cite this:Naveed S, Masood S, Rahman A, Awan S, Tabassum S. Impact of acne on quality of life in young Pakistani adults and its relationship with severity: A multicenter study. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(3):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.2819 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT FOREFOOT WEDGES ON STANDING STABILITY IN YOUNG ADULTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850014
Author(s):  
Chu-Fen Chang ◽  
Hui-Ji Fan ◽  
Hung-Bin Chen ◽  
Houu-Wooi Lim ◽  
Hsiao-Yuan Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Arch Support ◽  
Forward Falls

The aim of this study was to investigate the immediate effect of wearing the functional insoles with different slopes of forefoot wedges on postural stability in young adults during quiet stance. In this study, the functional insole was composed of a forefoot wedge and a medial arch support. Twelve healthy young adults (six males and six females) participated. Each subject wore sneakers with and without functional insole and stood as still as possible on a force plate with feet together, arms by side and head facing ahead for 60[Formula: see text]s, while eyes open and eyes closed, respectively. The functional insole was applied in the random sequence of no insole, wearing insole with a medial arch and a four-degree forefoot wedge, as well as wearing insole with a medial arch and an eight-degree forefoot wedge. The sway areas as well as the maximal excursions of the center of pressure (COP) in anterior–posterior (AP) and medial–lateral (ML) directions were used to evaluate the static postural stability. During stance with feet together and eyes closed, the sway area and maximal excursion of the COP in the AP direction were significantly decreased when wearing an eight-degree forefoot wedge functional insole. Since the reduced displacements of the COP indicated better postural control, it was suggested that the functional insole with an eight-degree forefoot wedge and a medial arch support might be beneficial to improve the postural stability in patients with impaired balance control, especially for whom having high risk of forward falls.

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