scholarly journals Analysis of Backyard Chicken Farmers Socio-Economic and Management Practices in District Quetta, Balochistan

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kamran Baseer Achakzai ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Shah ◽  
Ramla Achakzai
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Gender Empowerment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Backyard Chicken

Socio-economic profile of backyard poultry farmers beside the prevailing management practices and flock profile was studied in nine union councils of District Quetta Balochistan; from November, 2016 to March, 2017. Primary data was collected from 99 households randomly selected from study area by using semi-structured questionnaire, while descriptive statistics were used to conclude the data. Study revealed that women were the only prevailing gender (100%) involved in rearing of backyard chicken in the area. Maximum (53%) number of respondents were in the age group of > 40 years, while more than half (58%) of poultry keepers were illiterate. Backyard poultry farming was much popular (79%) in house wives, whereas 75% of them were responsible for primary support of their household. Pashtoon ethnicity was the major (40%) group of respondents. 58% of the respondents reported a family with 10–20 members. 90% of the farmers provided shelter to their birds, made from mud and thatch (kacha). 80% of these birds were fed on kitchen waste and bread remnants. Average flock size was 27 birds, having 48% Desi (Indigenous chicken), 27% Fayoumi, 12 % Rhode Island Red (RIR) and 13% cross bred birds. Flocks were comprised of adult hen (71%), cock (15%) and chicks (14%). Annual egg production was 4190±171 eggs with 217±2.4 eggs produced per bird, whereas the average number of eggs consumed per family was 1314±48 eggs. Backyard poultry rearing offers a real opportunity to alleviate poverty and gender empowerment. The farmers should be further trained to improve the current feeding and management practices of these birds.

scholarly journals Assessment of husbandry practice and egg production performance of indigenous chickens in urban and peri urban area of Guder town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Chala Duguma
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Random Survey

The study was undertaken from May up to July 2020 in Guder town of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to explore husbandry practices and egg production performance of indigenous chicken in the study area. A cross-sectional systematic random survey of 40 households was undertaken by using semi-structured and pre tested questionnaire. Information on management practices, production systems, egg production performances and constraints of indigenous chicken kept in Guder town was generated by semi-structured questionnaire. The primary data collected from house hold survey was processed and analyzed by using a statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Descriptive statistics such as percentage, mean, ranking, standard deviation, and cross tabulation were used to analyze the data quantitatively. Data gathered through key informant interviews, focus group discussion and personal observation was analyzed qualitatively to strengthen data obtained from the household survey. Due to its small space and lower capital requirement sample household’s ranked chicken as the first important animals kept in the study area. The main purposes of keeping indigenous chicken in the study area were for home consumption followed by generation of income. The most important feed resources of indigenous chicken kept in the study area were feed obtained from scavenging, house hold wastes, the market left over, and industrial by products. Majority of the households accommodated their indigenous chicken in a separate house constructed for the confinement of the chicken. The higher mortality rate of indigenous chicken in the study area was caused by disease and predator. The most commonly happening and economically important disease in the study area was Newcastle. The commonly observed predators in the study area were cat and dog. Health and feed problems were the first and the second constraint of indigenous chicken production in the study area respectively. Therefore area based development involvement could help to increase the productivity of indigenous chicken and thereby improve the income of small holders.

scholarly journals Selection responses for egg production of Fayoumi and Rhode Island Red breeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
ME Haque ◽  
GK Deb ◽  
MN Hasan ◽  
MH Ali
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Selection Responses ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
F2 Generation ◽  
Foundation Stock ◽  
F1 Generation

This experiment estimated the selection responses for egg production of Fayoumi (Fay) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) breeds. A total of 3000; belonging Fay 2000 & RIR 1000 day old chicks were collected from Egypt and Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka respectively, considered as foundation stock. The chicks were brooded for 5 weeks and reared up to 14 weeks of age providing standard feeding and management. After brooding, 640 Fay and 504 RIR pullets were reared in 40 and 36 individual pens respectively, considering as a family. Finally, 30 and 24 best families of Fay and RIR respectively were selected with 420 Fay and 288 RIR pullets at 15 weeks of age, on the basis of age at 1st egg lay, egg production and fertility. Salmonella and mycoplasma free eggs were collected on the basis of blood test (agglutinate test) from the selected families of both the breeds and hatched out for next generation. The experiment was continued up to 40 weeks of age for each generation. The study revealed that hen day egg production of Fay and RIR was higher in Foundation stock (64.39% in Fay and 68.54% in RIR) than that of F1 generation (58.6% in Fay and 46.8% in RIR) but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed for livability between Foundation stock and F1 generation. Reasons for lower productivity in F1 generation may be the poor management practices during growing period. In F2 generation, egg production was higher in both the breeds (64.09% in Fay and 62.05% in RIR) than in F1 generation. Egg production of RIR was not recorded for F3 generation, as their ability to adopt under farmers condition was very poor. However, in F3 generation, egg production of Fay was higher (65.82%) than in F2 generation. Genetic gain in Fay was 0.06%, 0.11% and 0.12% for F1, F2 and F3 generation, respectively. In case of RIR genetic gain was 0.07% in F1 and 0.18% in F2 generation. Due to selection slight genetic gain for egg production was obtained in Fay and RIR but further research with larger stock is needed for better understanding of selection responses of these breeds.Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 66-73, Jan-Dec 2012

Assessment of the production performance and economic efficiencies of available chicken breeds (Gallus domesticus L.) in Rajshahi, Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Ripon Kumar Datta ◽  
M Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Ashraful Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Economic Efficiencies

Production performance and economic efficiencies of broiler of Cobb 500, cockerel of ISA Brown, Fayoumi, and RIR (Rhode Island Red) and Sonali (derived from RIR? × Fayoumi?) available in Rajshahi were investigated. Identical care and management practices were provided to chickens of all genetic groups reared for meat and egg production. Performance of four meat purpose chickens viz., Cobb 500, ISA Brown, Fayoumi and Sonali were evaluated in terms of such important parameters as initial body weight (IBW), 5-wk rearing period (RP), achieved body weight (ABW), feed intake (FI), body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Performance of three egg purpose chickens viz. Fayoumi, RIR and Sonali included weight of day-old chick (WDOC), growth rate (GR), death rate (DR), fertility (FR), hatchability (HT), first laying age (FLA) and monthly egg production (MEP). Economic efficiency parameters viz., total cost (TC), gross return (GRR), net return (NR) and cost-benefit ratio (CBR) were calculated for both types. In terms of FI, FCR and BWG values, broiler of Cobb 500 was the best preferred and cockerel of ISA Brown the least preferred chicken. Conversely, in terms of the CBR values for meat producers, the cockerel of ISA White (1.58) was the best and the broiler of Cobb 500 (1.15) the worst. Taking the FLA and MEP into account, RIR topped the list (19.1 wks and 23 eggs per month) whereas Cobb 500 ranked at the bottom (25.2 wks and 16 eggs per month). CBR for egg productivity, on the other hand, was highest in Sonali (1.11) followed by RIR and Fayoumi (1.10 each) and Cobb 500 (1.09). As regards the meat productivity, significant correlations existed between TC and NR for all chickens except Sonali, which exhibited a negative correlation between the traits. Negative and non-significant associations prevailed for egg productivity in all the chickens. Although broiler of Cobb 500 was found to be the most popular for meat and RIR for egg, the cockerel of ISA Brown was the chicken that earned the maximum CBR.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ujzru.v31i0.15374Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 31, 2012 pp. 13-18

scholarly journals Chicken germplasms and their conservation in Bangladesh: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Chicken Population ◽  
Public Sector Research ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Parent Stock

The present article addresses the scenario of chicken genetic resources, their production and reproduction performances and their conservation in Bangladesh. The chickens, among other poultry species available in the country, are the most versatile component for meat and egg production. The chicken germplasms available in the country are indigenous, exotic, crossbred, and commercial hybrid. The indigenous chicken population is comprised of Non-descript Desi (ND), Naked Neck (NN), Aseel (AS), Hilly (H), Native Dwarf and Jungle Fowl etc. The exotic chicken such as, White Leghorn (WL), White Rock (WR), White Cornish (WC), Rhode Island Red (RIR), Australorp, Fayoumi, Barred Plymouth Rock (BPR) etc. are imported mostly to upgrade the indigenous stock. The crossbred of different chickens are used in the country in intensive, semi-intensive and scavenging management system. The commercial hybrid such as grandparent stock (GP), parent stock (PS), commercial broiler, commercial layer etc. has got most popularity for meat and egg production in the country. Conservation and improvement program of endangered native chicken such as Aseel and Native Dwarf chicken should be taken both in-situ or ex-situ in vivo by public sector/research institutes/universities. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 119-134 (2019)

scholarly journals Evaluating Characteristics of Indigenous Chicken System with Flock Size Trends in a Participatory Research on Improved Management Practices in Kenya

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Mutitu Ndegwa ◽  
Patricia Norrish ◽  
Derek Shepherd ◽  
Catherine Kimani ◽  
Anne Wachira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Group Index ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
Treatment Characteristics ◽  
Production Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Production Characteristics

This study investigates characteristics of indigenous chicken farms categorised on flock size patterns identified in a research involving 200 farmers in five regions in three counties (Nyandarua, Laikipia, Nakuru) in Kenya. Four villages were selected per region and10 farms in each village. Training and sensitisation meetings, introduction of intervention options (Housing, Feed Supplementation, Vaccination and Deworming), implementation by farmers, and monitoring and evaluation were carried out. The farmers used own inputs in implementing the project interventions and recorded various project activities and outputs. The project was monitored over a span of five, 3-months long periods. Variation analysis was used to identify similarities and differences between 7 farm categories (groups) based on their differences on the levels of the following factors: (1) Average farm flock sizes at five different periods (2) Treatment characteristics (interventions) application - (housing, vaccination, de-worming, and supplementation) (3) Demography characteristics (total flock additions, total flock reductions, total unplanned reductions and total controlled reduction) and (4) Production characteristics (mean hatchability and egg production per hen per cycle based on predicted egg production). Results indicate there were significant differences between the groups. Almost all the flock size differences between farm groups were significant at 1 percent level. There was a rise in differences of the between and within groups mean squares from period 1 to 5 as a result of the flock sizes levels also increasing with period. The treatment characteristics application levels had little differences between groups but housing and feed supplementation had larger values than the other two characteristics. The treatments application differences not being significant could be a consequence of influence from the research team being more or less the same in all the farms. The demography characteristics, total addition and total reduction values were close to one another among the farm categories. These together with flock size levels had little influence from the research team but were mostly a reflection of individual farm’s decision and activities. However, the production characteristics reflected more both the farmer’s action and the hen potential. The group with the lowest flock size trends had production values close to those of other groups. This would suggest that low flock size level in a farm is not a reflection of poor production dynamics. The demographic characteristics differences between farms compare well with significant levels on flock size differences between farms shown earlier, especially the total additions, total reductions and total controlled reductions. There was no single significant difference among the groups on vaccination and production characteristics – mean hatchability and egg production. Production characteristics may have been more influenced by hen factors, which may not have been different among the different farm groups. The analysis of variance made it possible to validate the flock size classification using values of dissimilarity group index between farms.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Future Farm Size in Grasscutter Production in Osun State, Nigeria: A Markov Chain Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. S. Olatidoye ◽  
A. D. Kehinde ◽  
T. Alimi
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mean

Aim: The study investigated the prospects of increasing Grasscutter production and projecting the future farm size of its production in the study area. Specifically described socio-economi characteristics and some management practices of the respondents, assessed and predicted the pattern of change and the equilibrium farm size of the Grasscutter enterprise in the study area, examined the costs and returns to grasscutter production and examined the relationships between gross margin and some selected socio-economic characteristics. Study Design: A simple random sampling technique was employed in selecting 60% of the total population of registered grasscutter farmers. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Osun State, Nigeria between years 2016 and 2017. Methodology: Primary data were collected through a well-structured questionnaire administration from the three agricultural zones in the State. Twenty four Grasscutter farmers each were randomly selected from each of the agricultural zones. Data were collected on demographics of grasscutter farmers, production activities in terms of inputs, outputs and their respective prices for the years 2016 and 2017. Data were analyzed through Descriptive statistics, Markov chain, Gross margin and Pearson r test of correlation. Results: The study revealed that male respondents (85%) dominated Grasscutter production in the study area while the mean age of respondents was 43 years. Majority (97%) of the respondents had formal education with an average grassutter farming experience of 11 years while the mean flock size was 2.5 colonies. The gross margin results showed that grasscutter production had a profit margin of ₦11,333.33/respondent/month. The mean grasscutter farm size revealed an upward trend in farm size until the year 2025 and thereafter stabilizes at about 3.3 colonies of grasscutter farm size.  The correlation analysis showed significant relationship between gross margin and level of education and farming experience with r-values of 0.817 and 0.697 respectively.  Conclusion: Grasscutter production, though in small scale, is profitable in the study area and the grasscutter farmers in the study area have great potential to boost local production

Status of Indigenous Chicken Rearing in Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vijaya Nirmala ◽  
Sunitha Prasad ◽  
B. Subrahmanyeswari ◽  
K. Nagaraja Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
The Status

Backyard poultry plays an important role in the livelihood of rural families in developing countries as a source of ready cash income alongwith satisfying social needs. This paper is based on a study conducted in eight villages from Nuzvid division of Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh to assess the status of backyard poultry rearing. The survey indicated the existence of desi birds in the study area with an average flock size of 4-9 birds per household with little or negligible supplementary feeding. High mortality, poor productivity was reported by majority of the respondents which might be due to lack of awareness about improved backyard varieties and poultry related government schemes. Appropriate institutional support in terms of provision of improved backyard varieties, disease control strategies, training and awareness programmes can promote this remunerative enterprise in the region keeping in view of raising demand for backyard egg and chicken.

scholarly journals Effect of Strain on External and Internal Egg Parameters of Exotic, Indigenous Chicken and Crossbreds

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Udoh, Jessie Ezekiel ◽  
Udoh, Utibe-Abasi Hilary
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Standard Management ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Exotic Birds ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Haugh Unit

Examining effect of Strain on External and Internal Egg Parameters of Rhode Island Red (RIR), two Nigerian indigenous chicken strain:-(Pure naked neck (NNK); pure Normal feathered (NF)); Crosses were:- RIR x naked neck (RNK) cross; RIR x Normal feathered (RNF) cross. Matured 100 birds reared intensively for 10 weeks at Teaching and Research farm, University of Uyo in a Completely Randomized Design in standard management practices. Feed (16.0% crude protein, 2800 Kcal/Kg Metabolize-able energy) and water given ad libitum. 10 eggs per strain were cracked every Mondays and Fridays every week to examined External (egg weight(Ewt), egg length(El), shell weight (Swt) and Internal (yolk height (Yht), yolk weight(Ywt), albumen weight(Awt) albumen height  (Aht) and Haugh unit (HU)) egg parameters. All data were subjected to one-way Analysis of Variance of SAS Statistical Software Package Version 9.2. Results indicated significant (P<0.05) effect of strain on external egg parameters studied. For Ewt, RNK (46.38±0.79 g) and RNF (45.54±0.96 g) were statistically (P<.05) higher than NF (42.42±0.85 g). For Swt, RNF(4.71g±0.09 g) was statistically (P<.05) higher than NF (4.36±0.11g) but similar in other strains. Result indicated significant (P<0.05) effect of strain on all the internal egg parameters measured. For Hu (RNK) 79.08±1.23% and (RNF) 77.83±1.88 were statistically (P<.05) higher than (NF) 73.84±1.10%. The same trend followed in other internal egg parameters among the strains. Generally, the trends placed were exotic birds first, then Crossbreds and Purebreds last in the parameters. In conclusion, RNK and SNF crossbreds performed better in both External and Internal egg parameter than purebred strains studied. Hence, crossbreeding should be adopted to improve Nigerian Chickens.

scholarly journals Current Status of Indigenous and Highly Productive Chicken Breeds in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bayesa Tolasa
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Housing System ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Plumage Color ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Reproduction Performance ◽  
Chicken Breeds

In Ethiopia, chicken production plays an important role in providing human food consumption, growth of domestic products, and creating employment opportunities. Despite their importance, the production and reproduction performance of chickens in the country is under expectation owing to the gap between low productive indigenous and low adaptive ability of highly productive chicken breeds. By considering this, the present paper aims to deliver, synthesize, and summarize the compiled information on the current status of indigenous and highly productive chicken breeds. Currently, there are several highly productive chicken breeds available in Ethiopia. Among these, Rhode Island Red, Fayoumi, Potchefstroom Koekoek, Sasso, Bovan Brown, Issa Brown, and Leghorn are being kept under various husbandry systems. Besides, indigenous chicken ecotypes such as barley plumage color, red plumage color, white plumage color, and black plumage color have been characterized in the country. However, the average annual egg production of indigenous and highly productive chicken breeds did not exceed 60 and 250 eggs, respectively. On the other hand, the meat production ability of indigenous chickens is limited as cockerels and pullets may reach 1.5 and 1.05 kilogram live weight at 6 months of age, respectively. Concerning the husbandry system, a majority of owners supplied feed to chickens on the ground and water in plastic containers while scavenging is being the common feeding system in most parts of the country. Furthermore, the majority of the owners are using no separate housing system and treat their chickens traditionally. Thus, awareness should be emphasized on enhancing the improvement of chicken husbandry systems for better production and reproduction performance.

Characterization of Punjab Brown chicken

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.K. Vij ◽  
M.S. Tantia ◽  
R.K. Vijh
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Eggshell Colour

SummaryA survey was conducted in the native tract of the Punjab Brown breed of chicken to study management practices, as well as morphological, performance and egg quality parameters. The study covered the three districts of Gurdaspur district in Punjab, and Ambala and Yamunanagar districts in Haryana, and included 532 birds and 61 families. Twenty-six microsatellite loci were used to assess genetic variability. The Punjab Brown is a multi-purpose breed, yielding good quality meat and eggs. Birds are reared in the backyard system and shelter is provided only during the night in the form of small enclosures mostly made up of mud and sometimes of wood. Average flock size is 8.7. Plumage colour is mostly brown and the pattern is usually solid but is sometimes spotted or striped. Males in particular have black spots/stripes on their neck, wings and tail. The comb is red, of single type and erect in position. The average weight of cocks and hens is 2.15±0.94 and 1.57±0.04 kg respectively. Hens start laying eggs at the age of about five to six months. Clutch size is about four to five. Average egg production is around 60–80 eggs per year. Eggshell colour is mostly light brown and average egg weight is 46.0±1.91g. The average weight of shell, albumin and yolk were 5.4±0.21, 24.4±0.63 and 16.2±0.48g respectively. Yolk index, albumin index and Haugh units were 0.41±0.005, 0.10±0.006 and 82.80±0.98 respectively. A total of 218 alleles were observed. The number of alleles per locus varied from 4–14. The mean PIC value for all the loci was 0.744. Twenty-four loci were found to be neutral (P<0.05) using Ewens Watterson test of neutrality. The exact test revealed that 15 loci deviated from Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium. The population has not undergone any recent bottleneck as revealed by quantitative and graphical qualitative tests.

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