Floristic Analysis and Phytosociology in an Area of Caatinga, Brazil

Studies on the composition and structure of vegetation can provide important information for decision-making and the application of forest-management techniques. The aim of this research was to analyse an area of Caatinga using vegetation characterisation and forest inventory in the Rocha Eterna Community, in the district of São João do Piauí, Brazil. Simple Random Sampling was used, installing 17 sampling units of 20 x 20 m. The phytosociological parameters of the horizontal and vertical structure, the floristic diversity of the species and the timber production in the area were evaluated. Fabaceae was the most representative family. The three most representative species in the area were Senna acuruensis (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby, Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Roem. & Schult.) T. D. Penn. and Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. The Shannon-Weaver diversity index (H') for the area was 1.74 nats.ind-1. The estimated basal area for the area was 8.68 m².ha-1. The estimated actual volume was 36.56 m³.ha-1. Species diversity in the fragment under study was considered low.

Download Full-text

Floristic Variation of Tree Communities and Their Association with Soil Properties in Pulau Jerejak, Penang, Peninsular Malaysia

Science Letters ◽

10.24191/sl.v14i1.7899 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Faezah Pardi

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Basal Area ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Importance Value ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Endangered Tree ◽

Endangered Tree Species ◽

Tree Communities ◽

Floristic Variation

This study was conducted at Pulau Jerejak, Penang to determine the floristic variation of its tree communities. A 0.5-hectare study plot was established and divided into 11 subplots. A total of 587 trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm and above were measured, identified and recorded. The tree communities comprised of 84 species, 63 genera and 32 families. The Myrtaceae was the most speciose family with 10 recorded species while Syzgium glaucum (Myrtaceae) was the most frequent species. The Myrtaceae recorded the highest density of 306 individuals while Syzgium glaucum (Myrtaceae) had the highest species density of 182 individuals. Total tree basal area (BA) was 21.47 m2/ha and family with the highest BA was Myrtaceae with 5.81 m2/ha while at species level, Syzgium glaucum (Myrtaceae) was the species with the highest total BA in the plot with value of 4.95 m2/ha. The Shannon˗Weiner Diversity Index of tree communities showed a value of 3.60 (H'max = 4.43) and Evenness Index of 0.81 which indicates high uniformity of tree species. The Margalef Richness Index (R') revealed that the tree species richness was 13.02. Myrtaceae had the highest Importance Value of 20.4%. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that Diospyros buxifolia (Ebenaceae) and Pouteria malaccensis (Sapotaceae) were strongly correlated to low pH. Dysoxylum cauliflorum (Meliaceae) and Eriobotrya bengalensis (Rosaceae) were correlated to phosphorus (P) and calcium ion (Ca2+), respectively. Therefore, the trees species composition at Pulau Jerejak showed that the biodiversity is high and conservation action should be implemented to protect endangered tree species. Keywords: Floristic variation; Tree communities; Trees composition; Pulau Jerejak; Species diversity

Download Full-text

STRUCTURAL AND FLORISTIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE OULED BECHIH FOREST (ALGERIA)

10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/22 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Touafchia Boutheyna ◽

Kadi Zahia ◽

Redjaimia Lilia ◽

Rached-Kanouni Malika

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Basal Area ◽

Woody Species ◽

Quercus Suber ◽

Average Density ◽

Quercus Canariensis ◽

Rational Management ◽

Sustainable Conservation ◽

Total Structure

The objective of this study is the rational management of forest ecosystems for sustainable conservation of floristic biodiversity. Two types of analysis are carried out: structural analysis and analysis of the main species. A total of 22 families were identified, divided among 32 species. The dominant woody species are Quercus suber and Quercus canariensis. Fagaceae is the most represented family. The average values of species richness and Shannon diversity index are 4 ± 1.8 and 0.9 ± 0.30 species/plot respectively. The average density of woody species in the Oueld Bechih forest was 158 ± 28 tree/ha with an average basal area of 32.67 ± 0.74m²/ha. The height structure shows that trees in height classes is ≥ 6 has very high density, evidence of almost no natural regeneration. The total structure indicates that larger trees are more abundant. In effect, this work provides a database for the forest, but it represents only one facet to be considered in protecting and restoring it.

Download Full-text

The possibility of reclamation criteria success in Indonesia: soil condition, vegetation structure and species composition

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management ◽

10.15243/jdmlm.2021.091.3201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 3201-3210

Author(s):

Tedi Yunanto ◽

Farisatul Amanah ◽

Nabila Putri Wisnu

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Vegetation Structure ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Basal Area ◽

Mineral Resources ◽

Soil Condition ◽

Mine Reclamation ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Standard Interval ◽

Chemical Conditions

There are two regulations for mine reclamation success in the forestry area in Indonesia, namely Minister of Forestry Regulation No. P.60/Menhut-II/2009 and Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree No. 1827.K/30/MEM/2018. Both regulations rule vegetation and soil success. This study aims to analyse criteria parameters from both regulations in the mine reclamation and compare them to the surrounding secondary natural forest (SNF). This study was conducted in 6 six types of mine reclamation stand structures: 1, 4, 6, 9, 11-year-old plantation and SNF using 1 hectare of the circular plot each (total 6 ha). Soil samples were collected from 40 cm depth to analyse physical, biological and chemical conditions. Mine reclamation areas had almost similar physical, biological and chemical soil conditions with SNF. Nevertheless, due to the potential acid-forming (PAF) material from overburden, the 1-year-old plantation had pH = 3.23-3.27. The highest diversity index and the number of species and families in all reclamation areas were H’ = 1.82 (11-year-old); 14 species (9-year-old); and 11 families (9-year-old), comparing with SNF were H’ = 3.48; 67 species, and 31 families. Conversely, vegetation structure parameters in mine reclamation areas were higher than SNF (diameter at height breast (DBH; 1.3 m) = 28.42 cm; tree density = 469/ha; basal area = 35.04 m2/ha; and total height = 16.85 m). Compared to the SNF, vegetation structure and soil conditions are mostly possible for mine reclamation success. Still, species composition needs to be considered further as a standard interval to meet the criteria.

Download Full-text

TREE SPECIES DIVERSITY IN A PRISTINE MONTANE FOREST PREVIOUSLY UNTOUCHED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN FOJA MOUNTAINS, PAPUA, INDONESIA

REINWARDTIA ◽

10.14203/reinwardtia.v17i2.3546 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Asep Sadili ◽

Kuswata Kartawinata ◽

Herwasono Soedjito ◽

Edy Nasriadi Sambas

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Human Activities ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Basal Area ◽

Montane Forest ◽

Tree Species Diversity ◽

Importance Value ◽

Montane Forests ◽

Species Area

ADILI, A., KARTAWINATA, K., SOEDJITO, H. & SAMBAS, E. N. 2018. Tree species diversity in a pristine montane forest previously untouched by human activities in Foja Mountains, Papua, Indonesia. Reinwardtia 17(2): 133‒154. ‒‒ A study on structure and composition of the pristine montane forest previously untouched by human activities was conducted at the Foja Mountains in November 2008. We established a one-hectare plot divided into 100 subplots of 10 m × 10 m each. We enumerated all trees with DBH ≥ 10 cm which diameters were measured, heights were estimated and habitats were noted. We recorded 59 species, 42 genera and 27 families, comprising 693 trees with the total basal area (BA) of 41.35 m2/ha. The forest had lower species richness compared to those of lowland forests in Kalimantan, and Sumatra and montane forests in West Java. The Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index was 3.22. Nothofagus rubra (Importance Value, IV=47.89%) and Parinari corymbosa (IV=40.3%) were the dominant species, constituting the basis for designating the forest as the Nothofagus rubra - Parinari corymbosa association. To date, the dominance of N. rubra is unique to the Foja Mountains, as elsewhere in Papua the montane forests were dominated by N. pullei or other species. The species-area curve indicated a minimal area of 5000 m2. On the family level Fagaceae (IV=53.23%), Chrysobalanaceae (IV=40.53%) and Myristicaceae (IV=26.43%) were dominant. Verti-cally the forest consisted of four strata (A–D). In each stratum Nothofagus rubra, Platea latifolia, Parinari corymbosa and Myristica hollrungii were dominant. The diameter class distribution of Nothofagus rubra, Parinari corymbosa and Platea latifolia led us to assume that these species were regenerating well.

Download Full-text

Forest Regrowth on the Cumberland Plateau and Implications for Productive Management

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/7.4.208 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 208-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert N. Muller

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Basal Area ◽

Stand Density ◽

Cumberland Plateau ◽

Old Growth ◽

Nutrient Pools ◽

Old Growth Forest ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

Second Growth ◽

Commercial Species

Abstract An old-growth forest and a 35-year-old, second-growth forest on the Cumberland Plateau were studied to compare species composition and structure. Species composition and total basal area of the two stands did not differ, although total stand density was 19 percent lower and basal area of commercial species was 25 percent higher in the old-growth than in the second-growth stand. Analysis of size-class distributions showed that both stands were best represented by an inverse J-shaped distribution, which best describes old-age stands. The rapid regeneration of the second-growth stand seems to be the result of minimal disturbance to accumulated nutrient pools in the soil. The importance of these accumulated nutrient pools and implications for forest management on the Cumberland Plateau are discussed.

Download Full-text

Floristic, structural, and allometric equations to estimate arboreal volume and biomass in a cerradão site

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p1691 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 1691

Author(s):

Eder Pereira Miguel ◽

Alba Valéria Rezende ◽

Fabrício Assis Leal ◽

Eraldo Aparecido Trondoli Matricardi ◽

José Marcelo Imana Encinas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Vertical Structure ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Species Group ◽

Systematic Sampling ◽

Ecological Groups ◽

Floristic Diversity ◽

Importance Value ◽

Horizontal Structure ◽

Standing Trees

This objective of this study was to characterize the floristic, structural, and ecological groups and to estimate the arboreal volume and biomass of a cerradão site in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. A forest inventory was conducted on 10.15 ha of the study area. Plots of 400-m2 were used for systematic sampling. All standing trees (dead or alive) with a breast-height diameter (DHB) greater than 5 cm were identified and measured. Floristic diversity and horizontal structure were assessed using the Shannon and importance value indices, respectively. Forest vertical structure was classified into three stratata and the tree species were categorized into ecological groups. Ninety tree volumes were rigorously cubed and weighed. Fresh- and dry biomass were sampled and estimated. Mathematical models were applied and adjusted to estimate tree volume and biomass. It was observed that the species Myrcia splendens and Emmotum nitens and the families Fabaceae and Chrysobalanaceae were dominant in our study site. The pioneer (613 individuals ha-1) and climax (530 individuals ha-1) tree species group predominated. The floristic diversity index was estimated as 3.35 nats ind- 1. The vertical structure analysis indicated fewer individuals in the superior stratum (13%) compared to the medium (63%) and inferior (24%) stratum. The Schumacher and Hall model showed better results with regard to estimated forest production. Forest volume and biomass estimates were 126.71 m³ ha-1 and 61.67 Mg ha-1, respectively. The studied cerradão area had high floristic diversity and climax species predominated. Since this cerradão is in close proximity to the Amazon biome, its volume and biomass stocks were higher than those estimated for other cerradão and forest formations within the Cerrado biome.

Download Full-text

SISTEMA DE INVENTÁRIO FLORESTAL PARA SERINGAL NATIVO

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v32i1.2351 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

Author(s):

José de Arimatéa Silva ◽

Sylvio Péllico Netto

Keyword(s):

Forest Inventory ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Rubber Tree ◽

Basal Area ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Inventory System ◽

Stratified Random Sampling ◽

Stage Number ◽

Second Stage ◽

Two Stages

Este trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver um Sistema de Inventário Florestal para seringal nativo. Aplicou-se a Amostragem Inteiramente Aleatória (AIA), em dois estágios: colocação de seringa, no primeiro, e estrada de seringa, no segundo. Foram estimados: número de seringueiras por estrada (N), área basal das seringueiras da estrada (G) e volume da porção explorada do fuste (V). Realizou-se uma pós-estratificação, considerando-se estradas de centro e de margem, aplicando-se a Amostragem Estratificada (AE). Comparou-se a AIA com a AE, com base na eficiência relativa. Os resultados revelaram as seguintes estimativas para as médias estratificadas: N=100; G=19,00 m², V= 62,8 m³. Concluiu-se que a AE revelou-se mais eficiente que a AIA para estimar as variáveis analisadas. Propõe-se que um sistema de inventário para seringal nativo deve combinar: informações de um censo das colocações; um processo de amostragem estratificada; e um método de amostragem cuja unidade de amostra é a estrada de seringa. Forest Inventory System for Rubber Trees Abstract Forest Inventory System for rubber trees. This work had as objective to develop an Inventory System for native rubber tree areas. The Simple Random Sampling (SRS) was applied in two stages: the setting, in the first, and the rubber trees tracks, in the second stage. Number of rubber trees per track (N), basal area of the rubber trees track (G) and volume of the stem portion explored (V) were the parameters estimated. A post-stratification was become fulfilled, considering itself center tracks and river side tracks, applying itself it Stratified Random Sampling (STRS). It was compared SRS with the STRS, on the basis of the relative efficiency. The results showed the following estimates for the stratified means: N=100; G=19,00 m², V = 62,8 m³. It was concluded that the STRS showed more efficient than the SRS to estimate the analyzed variables. It is considered that an Inventory System for native rubber tree areas must match: information of a census of the settings; a process of Stratified Random Sampling; and a sampling method whose unit of sample is the rubber tree track.

Download Full-text

Economic trade-offs of managing forests for timber production and vegetative diversity

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x94-165 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1260-1265 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

David N. Holland ◽

Robert J. Lilieholm ◽

David W. Roberts ◽

J. Keith Gilless

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Basal Area ◽

Timber Harvest ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Timber Production ◽

Harvest Scheduling ◽

Scheduling Model ◽

Trade Offs ◽

Compositional Diversity ◽

Shannon’S Diversity Index

Three indices of forest stand structural and compositional diversity were incorporated into a linear programming timber harvest scheduling model to examine the trade-offs between managing stands for timber production and biodiversity objectives. The indices, based on Shannon's diversity index, characterized stand species diversity, basal area diversity, and vertical crown diversity. While harvest-level objectives were often compatible with the maintenance of vegetative diversity, the maximization of present net value was accompanied by substantial reductions in all three measures of diversity.

Download Full-text

ANALISIS VEGETASI DALAM UPAYA PENGEMBANGAN WISATA DI TAMAN WISATA ALAM PUNTI KAYU PALEMBANG PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN

Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi dan Keanekaragaman Hayati ◽

10.23960/jbekh.v5i2.41 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 7-14

Author(s):

Akbar Rulianto ◽

Afif Bintoro ◽

Gunadi Djoko Winarno ◽

Rahmat Safe'i

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Tourism Development ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Vegetation Analysis ◽

Nature Tourism ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

High Level

Punti Kayu Natural Tourism Park is a conservation forest contained in Palembang with an area of 50 hectares. Conservation forest utilization as a natural tourism park has a fantastic tourism development potential. Considering this matter, it is necessary to research about vegetation analysis at Punti Kayu nature tourism park for tourism development at Punti Kayu Palembang. The purpose of this research is to know the composition and structure of tree vegetation at TWA Punti Kayu Palembang. The research was conducted from April to June 2017. The method used in this research is Simple Random Sampling with 63 plot total sample.The results of this study obtained 24 tree species consisting of 949 tree phases, 114 pole phases, 141 sappling phases, and 375 phases of seedlings.Tree phases was dominated by Pinus Spesies with total 750 trees (INP 212,65%), in the pole phase, sapplings phase and seedling phase were dominated by Talok with total 25 poles (INP 57,96%), 17 sapplings (INP 39.89%) and 60 seedlings (INP 29.51%), The level of diversity of tree species and seedlings included in the low category, the tree of 0.493 and the seedlings of 0.824. One characteristic of good vegetation is the high level of species diversity. according to Kristinawanti et al (2013) good tree vegetation will have a positive impact on increasing tourist visits The results of this research can be used to support tourism in Punti Kayu Nature Tourism Park because it can be used as a reference to assess the management of Punti Kayu Nature Tourism Park.

Download Full-text

Penerapan Teknik Self Management Dalam Mengurangi Tingkat Perilaku Agresif Siswa

JURKAM Jurnal Konseling Andi Matappa ◽

10.31100/jurkam.v2i1.85 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 67

Author(s):

Salmiati Salmiati

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Design Research ◽

Total Population ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Senior High School ◽

Self Management ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Management Techniques

This study aims to determine the application of self-management techniques to reduce the aggressive behavior of students in public senior high school 1 Segeri. This research uses experimental method, with One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design research design, with a population of 298 students scattered from all classes X public senior high school 1 Segeri and sample research as many as 30 students using the sampling "Simple random sampling" or as much as 10% of the total population. Instrument used questionnaires and analysis techniques using t-test. The results showed that the application of Self Management techniques can reduce the level of aggressive behavior of students in public senior high school 1 Segeri.

Download Full-text