Influence of N:K Ratios in Soils on Growth, Nutrient Availability and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Southern Nigeria

Edo State ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Screen House ◽

This study was undertaken to determine the influence of N:K ratios applied to soils and the availability of N, K on yield of maize in two distinct ecological zones of Edo state of Nigeria. The sites used were Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN) Iyanomo (Forest) and the Teaching and Research Farm of Ambrose Alli University, Emaudo, Ekpoma (Derived Savanna). The soils of the two experimental sites were analyzed for both physical and chemical properties before the commencement of the experiments. The experiments were carried out as pot experiments in the screen house and field experiments. Each of the experiments had ten treatments (adjusted ratios) that were fitted into randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Maize was used as the test crop. Results from the screen house revealed that N/K ratio 4:1 had the highest dry matter yield for both locations, (RRIN; 2.60 g/pot and Emaudo; 2.75 g/pot) but these values were not significantly different (P < 0.05) from what were obtained from N/K ratio 3:1 and 2:1, respectively. The N:K ratio in soil had influence on the availability of N and K. Under field conditions, N/K ratio 4:1 had the highest grain yield for both locations (RRIN; 3.46 ton/ha and Emaudo; 3.33 ton/ha), and the highest cob field weight (RRIN; 9.92 ton/ha and Emaudo; 9.33 ton/ha), hence its recommendation.

Influence of N:P:K Ratios in Soils on Growth, Nutrient Availability and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ◽

10.9734/ajsspn/2021/v7i330115 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 28-40

Author(s):

A. O. Bakare ◽

I. O. Osemwota

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Derived Savanna ◽

Edo State ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Savanna Soils ◽

Screen House

This study was undertaken in two distinct ecological zones of Edo state of Nigeria to determine the effects of N:P:K ratios applied to the soils on the availability of N, P, K and on yield of maize. The sites used were Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria (RRIN) Iyanomo (Rain forest) and the Teaching and Research Farms of Ambrose Alli University, Emaudo, Ekpoma (derived savanna). Soils from both sites were analyzed for both physical and chemical properties before the commencement of the experiments. The experiments were carried out as: Pot and Field experiments. Each of the experiments had ten treatments (adjusted ratios) that were fitted into randomized complete block design and replicated three times, with maize as the test crop. Results from pot experiment in the screen house revealed that N:P:K ratio 4:1:1 had the highest dry matter yield for both locations, (RRIN; 7.10 g/pot and Emaudo; 6.33 g/pot) but these values were not significantly different (P < 0.05) from what were obtained from N:P:K ratio 3:1:1 and 2:1:1, respectively. The N:P:K ratio in soil had influence on the availability of N,P and K. Under field conditions, N:P:K ratio 3:1:1 had the highest grain yield for both locations (RRIN; 5.54 ton/ha and Emaudo; 5.25 ton/ha). The N:P:K ratio 3:1:1 was the best ratio with the highest yield for both locations and is therefore suggested for these soils.

Response of corn (Zea mays L.) to various organic-based fertilizers in marginal upland of Sta. Rita, Samar

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr39sa3.2017 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 31-43

Author(s):

Berta Ratilla ◽

Loreme Cagande ◽

Othello Capuno

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Total N ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Organic farming is one of the management strategies that improve productivity of marginal uplands. The study aimed to: (1) evaluate effects of various organic-based fertilizers on the growth and yield of corn; (2) determine the appropriate combination for optimum yield; and (3) assess changes on the soil physical and chemical properties. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design, with 3 replications and 7 treatments, namely; T0=(0-0-0); T1=1t ha-1 Evans + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T2=t ha-1 Wellgrow + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T3=15t ha-1 chicken dung; T4=10t ha-1 chicken dung + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1; T5=15t ha-1 Vermicast; and T6=10t ha-1 Vermicast + 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1. Application of organic-based fertilizers with or without inorganic fertilizers promoted growth of corn than the control. But due to high infestation of corn silk beetle(Monolepta bifasciata Horns), its grain yield was greatly affected. In the second cropping, except for Evans, any of these fertilizers applied alone or combined with 45-30-30kg N, P2O5, K2O ha-1 appeared appropriate in increasing corn earyield. Soil physical and chemical properties changed with addition of organic fertilizers. While bulk density decreased irrespective of treatments, pH, total N, available P and exchangeable K generally increased more with chicken dung application.

The Effect of Solid (Granular) and Liquid (Foliar) Fertilizers Application on the Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L) in Soils of Obubra, Cross River State, Nigeria

Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ◽

10.9734/ajsspn/2019/v4i430053 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

E. A. Akpa ◽

L. J. Agah

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Cross River State ◽

Plot Area ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

The research was carried out in the month of April, 2018 to determine the effect of solid (granular) and liquid (foliar) fertilizers application on the growth and yield of maize in soils of Obubra. Five (5) composite soil samples were collected at the depth of 0-20 cm for the analysis of physical and chemical properties before application of the fertilizers. The experimental layout was randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three treatments and five replications in a plot area of 25 m x 20 m (500 m2) which corresponds to 0.05 ha-1. The plot was designed and blocked into subplots, each measuring 6 m x 4 m (24 m2). Each block was separated from the other with a distance of one meter (1 m) apart and between subplots 0.5 m apart. Three treatments made up of treatment one (T1) zero application at 0 kg ha-1, treatment two (T2) liquid (foliar) N.P.K 20:20:20 at the rate of 100 mil of N, 50 mil of P2O5, 33.3 mil of Mp ha-1 and treatment three (T3) solid (granular) N.P.K 20:20:20 at the rate of 44.4 kg of N, 40 kg of P2O5 and 33.3 kg of Mp ha-1 were replicated five times making a total of fifteen (15) subplots. Parameters of plant heights and number of leaves were observed at 6 and 8 weeks after planting. Plant heights, number of leaves, number of cobs, weight of 1000 seeds in each subplot and weight of grain after shelling were analyzed respectively. Results on soil analyses showed that the soil texture was sandy loam with deficiencies in primary nutrients and other nutrients. On the plant heights, the result was significant (P≤0.05) and on the number of leaves, the result for 6 weeks was not significant (P≥0.05) while that of 8 weeks was significant (P≤0.05). On the number of cobs, 1000 seeds and weight of grain after shelling were also significant (P≤0.05). The solid (granular) fertilizer showed to be more effective than liquid (foliar) fertilizer and should therefore be recommended for the growth and yield of maize in the area.

Pengaruh Biochar terhadap Pertumbuhan Padi dalam Sistem Aerobik

Agrotechnology Research Journal ◽

10.20961/agrotechresj.v3i1.30396 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Suli Suswana

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Soil Function ◽

Weathered Soils ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

An application of biochar to the intensive weathered soils potentially can change physical and chemical properties of the soils, improved soil function and increased yield of crops. A meta-analyses evaluation showed a significant correlation between biochar and plants productivity, that means there are benefits of biochar application to the soils on plants productivities, that was increased 10%.This experiment was used Randomized Completed Block Design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments are: contr), 20 ton biochar ha-1, 40 ton biochar ha-1, 50 ton biochar ha-1, 60 ton biochar ha-1, 10 ton biochar + 10 ton poultry litter ha-1, 20 ton biochar + 20 ton poultry litter ha-1, 30 ton biochar + 30 ton poultry litter ha-1. The results showed biochar 20 ton ha-1 could increase significantly of plant heigh, number of punicles per clump, and the weight dried straw per clump. Whereas, application combination 20-30 ton biochar ha-1 + 20-30 ton poultry litter ha-1 could increase amount of tillers per clump, amound of punicles per clump, and weight dried straw (total biomass) per clump significantly.

Root growth and yield of sugarcane as a function of increasing gypsum doses

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632016v4742563 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 110-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paulo Ricardo Aprígio Clemente ◽

Breno Kennedy Lima Bezerra ◽

Vinicius Santos Gomes da Silva ◽

Jhulyanne Christiny Marcelino dos Santos ◽

Laurício Endres

Keyword(s):

Soil Acidity ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Sugarcane Varieties ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sugarcane Yield ◽

Crop Cycle ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

ABSTRACT Sugarcane plays an important role in the Brazilian agribusiness. However, poor rainfall distribution and soil acidity directly affect its production in the Northeast Brazil. Gypsum improves the soil physical and chemical properties, attenuating the effects of water stress and acidity in the edaphic environment. This study aimed at determining the effect of gypsum doses on sugarcane growth and yield. A field experiment was conducted using a 3 x 5 factorial arrangement organized in a randomized block design, with four replications. Treatments consisted of a combination of three sugarcane varieties (RB011941, RB92579 and RB991536) with five gypsum doses (0 Mg ha-1, 2.5 Mg ha-1, 5.0 Mg ha-1, 10.0 Mg ha-1 and 20.0 Mg ha-1). RB92579 exhibited the highest stalk (157.90 Mg ha-1) and sugar (24.10 Mg ha-1) yield. Gypsum did not influence the sugarcane yield or plant growth in the vegetative growth stage, but, in the maturation phase, the leaf area declined and the number of shoots increased with the rise in gypsum doses. Applying gypsum increased the roots density along the soil profile, with a rise of around 1.10 g dm-3 at the most technically efficient dose (12.5 Mg ha-1), however, yield was not influenced, maybe due to the effect of high rainfall during the entire crop cycle. Thus, higher gypsum doses are recommended during periods of drought to benefit from the resulting increased root system.

PENGARUH PUPUK BOKASIH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL, SERTA SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA TANAMAN CABAI (Capsicum annuum L.)

AGRICA ◽

10.37478/agr.v6i1.421 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Julianus Jeksen

Keyword(s):

Pore Space ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Optimum Dose ◽

Total Soil ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Pepper Plants ◽

This study was conducted to determine the effect bokashi fertilizer on the growth and yield of pepper plants, soil physical and chemical properties as well as the optimum dose of fertilizer bokashi. The design used in this experiment is a randomized block design (RAK) to the single factor pattern consisting of five treatments, namely: B0: 0 tonnes ha-1, B1: 5 tonnes ha-1, B2: 10 ton ha-1, B3: 15 ton ha-1 and B4: 20 tonnes ha-1. The variables were observed in this study is was a high plant (cm), a number of leaves tan-1 (strands), leaf area (cm2), fresh weight of fruit tan-1 (g tan-1) and ha-1 (ton ha-1 ), the soil volume weight (bulk density) (g cm-3), total soil pore space (%), total soil N, P-available land, available K-land, C-organic soil and soil pH. The results showed a significant influence on the variable crop growth and yield of pepper plants. Bokashi fertilizer application also provides improved physical and chemical properties of soil. Bokashi fertilizer use 20 tonnes ha-1 is the optimum dose that increases the weight of fresh chilli ha-1 as much as 26.63 tons.

PENGARUH FORMULASI MALTODEKSTRIN DAN TWEEN 80 PADA KARAKTERISTIK FISIKOKIMIA BUMBU HERBAL INSTAN

Pro Food ◽

10.29303/profood.v5i2.102 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 479

Author(s):

Eva Mayasari ◽

Tri Rahayuni ◽

Jessi Manalu

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Water Activity ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Tween 80 ◽

Drying Method ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

ABSTRACT Herbal spices used in making instant spices are sansakng leaf (Albertisia papuana Becc.), onion, and garlic. The drying method in making instant spices uses the foam mat drying method. The purpose of this study was aimed to determine the effect of maltodextrin and tween 80 formulations on instant herbal spices and determine the best formulation of maltodextrin and tween 80 formulations added on instant herbal spices based on physical and chemical properties. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) factorial pattern which is consisted of two factors of maltodextrin (5%,10%,15%) and tween 80 (0.5% and 1%), each treatment was replicated four times. The ANOVA (α=5%) results showed that the addition of maltodextrin on intant herbal spices significantly affected on moisture content, water absorption, water activity, and yield. While the addition of tween 80 on intant herbal spices significantly affected on moisture content and water activity. The best treatment on physicochemical properties showed in the combination of maltodextrin 5% and tween 80 1%. Keywords: Albertisia papuana Becc., foam mat drying, maltodextrin, sansakng, tween 80 ABSTRAK Bumbu herbal yang digunakan pada pembuatan bumbu instan adalah daun sansakng (Albertisia papuana Becc.), bawang merah, dan bawang putih. Metode pengeringan dalam pembuatan bumbu instan menggunakan metode foam mat drying. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formulasi maltodekstrin dan tween 80 pada bumbu herbal instan dan menentukan formulasi yang tepat dari formulasi maltodekstrin dan tween 80 pada pembuatan bumbu herbal instan berdasarkan sifat fisik dan kimia. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dengan dua faktor, yaitu konsentrasi maltodekstrin (5%, 10% 15%) dan konsentrasi tween 80 (0,5% dan 1%), masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Parameter pengamatan yang diukur adalah karakteristik fisik dan kimia bumbu herbal instan. Hasil ANOVA (α=5%) menunjukkan bahwa penambahan maltodekstrin pada bumbu herbal instan berpengaruh nyata terhadap terhadap kadar air, daya serap air, aktivitas air dan rendemen bumbu herbal instan. Sedangkan penambahan tween 80 berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air dan aktivitas air. Kombinasi maltodekstrin sebanyak 5% dan tween 80 sebanyak 1% merupakan perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan karakteristik fisikokimia. Kata Kunci: Albertisia papuana Becc, foam mat drying, maltodekstrin, sansakng, tween 80

Physical and Chemical Properties of Soybean-growing Soil in Different Agro-ecological Zones of Marathwada Region

Agropedology ◽

10.47114/j.agroped.2020.dec3 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

Author(s):

K.R. Malode ◽

◽

V D. Patil ◽

S.R. Lakhe ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Clay Content ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Surface Layers ◽

Available N ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

And Chemical Properties ◽

Agro Ecological Zones

Horizon-wise soil samples (9 profiles) from Osmanabad, Latur, Beed (Drought prone zone) and Nanded, Parbhani (assured rainfall zone) from Marathwada region were collected and analyzed. The sand, silt and clay content ranged from 10.20 to 34.30, 17.90 to 32.20 and 43.70 to 59.30% respectively. The soils were slightly to moderately alkaline in reaction. The saturated hydraulic conductivity (sHC) ranged from 0.20 to 5.30 cm hr1 and CEC of soils varied from 33.30 to 67.10 cmol (p+) kg-1. Majority of surface and sub-surface layers had relatively higher soil organic carbon than underlying ones. The available N, P and K content ranged from 37.60 to 334.80, 1.0 to 27.10 and 224.90 to 583.80 kg ha-1 in soils, respectively. The DTPA-Zn found deficient in all the soils.

The Effects of Plasma on Plant Growth, Development, and Sustainability

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10176045 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 6045 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bhawana Adhikari ◽

Manish Adhikari ◽

Gyungsoon Park

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Low Pressure ◽

Molecular Processes ◽

Plant Growth And Development ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Cold atmospheric or low pressure plasma has activation effects on seed germination, plant growth and development, and plant sustainability, and prior experimental studies showing these effects are summarized in this review. The accumulated data indicate that the reactive species generated by cold plasma at atmospheric or low pressure may be involved in changing and activating the physical and chemical properties, physiology, and biochemical and molecular processes in plants, which enhances germination, growth, and sustainability. Although laboratory and field experiments are still required, plasma may represent a tool for efficient adaptation to changes in the climate and agricultural environments.

SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA MARMALADE JERUK KALAMANSI (Citrus microcarpa) : KAJIAN KONSENTRASI PEKTIN DAN SUKROSA Physical and Chemical Properties of Marmalade Citrus of Calamondin (Citrus microcarpa) : Study of Pectin and Sucrose Concentrations

EKSAKTA Berkala Ilmiah Bidang MIPA ◽

10.24036/eksakta/vol18-iss02/73 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (02) ◽

pp. 164-172

Author(s):

Tuti Tutuarima

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total Dissolved Solids ◽

Heating Time ◽

Dissolved Solids ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pectin and sucrose on the physical and chemical properties of marmalade citrus of calamondin and get the best treatment combination on making marmalade made from calamondin. This study used Randomized Block Design with 2 different factors. The first factor is the addition of pectin that is the level 1.75%, 2%, and 2.25%. While the second factor is the concentration of sucrose is 75%, 85%, and 95%. Each treatment was repeated 3 times to obtain 27 units of experiment. The process of making marmalade using heating time for 20 minutes at 70oC. The analyzes include viscosity, ability to spread of jam, moisture content, pH, and total dissolved solids. The analysis was conducted at Agricultural Technology Laboratory of Bengkulu University. The results showed that marmalade with the use of pectin 2.25% and 95% sucrose resulted the optimal in viscosity, ability to spread of jam, and total dissolved solids. For the results of moisture content and optimal pH obtained at the use of pectin 1.75% and 75% sucrose.