scholarly journals Effect of Surface Sterilants on in vitro Establishment of Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merill.) cv. Kew

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Shaheena Parveen ◽  
Hidayatullah Mir ◽  
Tushar Ranjan ◽  
Awadhesh K. Pal ◽  
Manoj Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Very High ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The rate of pineapple propagation through conventional technique is quite low and time taken and that by seed is apparently hard to germinate. Non-availability of quality planting material is one of the major constraints for expansion of its cultivation area in Bihar. Keeping this in view an experiment was conducted for in vitro establishment for large scale disease free planting materials production. The most commonly encountered problem during in vitro pineapple germplasm establishment is the rate of contamination, which is very high in case of pineapple. Suckers of pineapple cultivar Kew were used as explants for the study. In this experiment the efficiency of three sterilizing agents (Clorox, HgCl2 and NaOCl) at different concentrations and duration was evaluated in terms of number of aseptic cultures. Results revealed that when no sterilant was used all the cultures were contaminated. The contamination of explants significantly decreased with increase in concentration of different sterilants and their time of exposure. The highest survival of explants (58.31±1.71%) were observed when explants were treated with Clorox 40% for 20 minutes which also resulted in 17.89±0.25% and 25.03±2.63%  mortality and per cent contamination respectively. As the duration of Clorox 40% was increased, percent contamination decreased but simultaneously increased the mortality rate at 25 mins of duration. The percent survival also increased when explants were treated with different concentrations of HgCl2 and NaOCl at different time durations. However, NaOCl treatments were less effective as compared to other two sterilants.

scholarly journals Development of the first axillary in vitro shoot multiplication protocol for coconut palms

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Wilms ◽  
Dries De Bièvre ◽  
Kevin Longin ◽  
Rony Swennen ◽  
Juhee Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
In Vitro Plantlets ◽  
Disease Free

AbstractThe coconut palm or “tree of life” is one of nature’s most useful plants and the demand for its fruit is increasing. However, coconut production is threatened by ageing plantations, pests and diseases. Currently, the palm is exclusively propagated via seeds, limiting the amount of planting material. A novel micropropagation method is presented, based on axillary shoot formation. Apical meristems of in vitro coconut seedlings are cultured onto Y3 medium containing 1 µM TDZ. This induces the apical meristem to proliferate through axillary shoots in ~ 27% of the initiated explants. These axillary shoots are seen as white clumps of proliferating tissue and can be multiplied at a large scale or regenerated into rooted in vitro plantlets. This innovative micropropagation method will enable the production of disease-free, high quality in vitro plantlets, which will solve the worldwide scarcity of coconut planting material.

scholarly journals Comparative studies on growth and Yield of Conventional and Tissue culture plants of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) var. CO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-165
Author(s):  
Chitra R
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Disease Free

Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) is an ancient spice, native of India and South East Asia used from antiquity as spice and a dye. It is commonly propagated through rhizomes. The availability of disease free quality planting material is scarce during the cropping season (June – September). An experiment was conducted to study the performance of in vitro derived turmeric plants with conventional rhizome under field condition. The results indicated that the tissue culture plants showed better performance over the conventional rhizome planting. Tissue culture plants grew vigorously and taller than conventional type. The highest yield potential was observed in tissue cultureplants (40.83 tons/ha) as compared to the conventional rhizome planting (30.14 tons/ha). The rhizome rot incidence was lower (3.87% ) in tissue culture plants than rhizome-derived plants (25.58% ). However, the agronomic traits observed during the present study in tissue culture plants are stable and rhizome harvested from tissue culture plants can be used as disease free planting materials for further planting.

scholarly journals Phenolic Exudation Control and Establishment of In vitro Strawberry (Fragaria × Ananassa) cv. Chandler

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hidayatullah Mir ◽  
Ruby Rani ◽  
Feza Ahmad ◽  
Awadh Kishor Sah ◽  
Shashi Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Planting Material

The rate of strawberry propagation through conventional technique is quite low and it is difficult to maintain planting material during the summer months under Bihar condition. Further, importing mother plants adds to the production cost. In vitro micro propagation has emerged as a potential alternative for supplying planting material for strawberry. Two type of explants viz., runner tip and nodal segment were used for the study. Phenol exudation was the major problem during establishment which caused death of majority explants. In our experiment, almost no phenolic exudation (+) and maximum percent regeneration for runner tip (55.2 ± 0.52%) and nodal segment (58.1 ± 0.54%) was observed when MS medium was supplemented with ascorbic acid 200 mg per liter. Phenolic exudation was recorded highest (++++) under control when no antioxidants were supplemented. Minimum number of days for runner tips (8.4 ± 0.23) and nodal segments (10.3 ± 0.33) taken for shoot proliferation was observed when MS medium was supplemented with activated charcoal 300 mg and 200 mg per liter, respectively. Though all other antioxidants used in our study including citric acid, PVP and activated charcoal significantly reduced oxidative browning, ascorbic acid was found to be most effective antioxidant in controlling lethal browning during in vitro establishment of strawberry. This protocol has a potential for allowing a large scale multiplication of this important crop.

scholarly journals Alterations in Microrhizome Induction, Shoot Multiplication and Rooting of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong with Regards to Sucrose and Plant Growth Regulators Application

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Nisar Ahmad Zahid ◽  
Hawa Z.E. Jaafar ◽  
Mansor Hakiman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Disease Free

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) var. Bentong is a monocotyledon plant that belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. Bentong ginger is the most popular cultivar of ginger in Malaysia, which is conventionally propagated by its rhizome. As its rhizomes are the economic part of the plant, the allocation of a large amount of rhizomes as planting materials increases agricultural input cost. Simultaneously, the rhizomes’ availability as planting materials is restricted due to the high demand for fresh rhizomes in the market. Moreover, ginger propagation using its rhizome is accompanied by several types of soil-borne diseases. Plant tissue culture techniques have been applied to produce disease-free planting materials of ginger to overcome these problems. Hence, the in vitro-induced microrhizomes are considered as alternative disease-free planting materials for ginger cultivation. On the other hand, Bentong ginger has not been studied for its microrhizome induction. Therefore, this study was conducted to optimize sucrose and plant growth regulators (PGRs) for its microrhizome induction. Microrhizomes were successfully induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a high sucrose concentration (>45 g L−1). In addition, zeatin at 5–10 µM was found more effective for microrhizome induction than 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at a similar concentration. The addition of 7.5 µM 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) further enhanced microrhizome formation and reduced sucrose’s required dose that needs to be supplied for efficient microrhizome formation. MS medium supplemented with 60 g L−1 sucrose, 10 µM zeatin and 7.5 µM NAA was the optimum combination for the microrhizome induction of Bentong ginger. The in vitro-induced microrhizomes sprouted indoors in moist sand and all the sprouted microrhizomes were successfully established in field conditions. In conclusion, in vitro microrhizomes can be used as disease-free planting materials for the commercial cultivation of Bentong ginger.

scholarly journals Clonal bamboo production based on in vitro culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatálya dos Santos Ribeiro ◽  
Alexssandra Jéssica Rondon de Figueiredo ◽  
Gabriela Cristina Rech Tormen ◽  
André Luís Lopes da Silva ◽  
Wellington Ferreira Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Clonal Plant ◽  
Adventitious Rooting ◽  
Clonal Plants ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
In Vitro Establishment

Bamboo species are an alternative for the composition of forest plantations. However, their potential has not been explored due to the hard time in producing large-scale clonal plants. Thus, the aim this work was to evaluate the in vitro establishment, bud multiplication and ex vitro rooting of Bambusa vulgaris. The first experiment tested different systemic and contact fungicide solutions, based on exposure time, during the establishment phase. Established explants were subjected to evaluation of residual fungicide effect on subcultures during the multiplication and elongation phases. The second experiment evaluated the influence of activated carbon on ex vitro survival and on adventitious rooting. Explant immersion in liquid culture medium added with 1.0 mL of fungicide for 120 hours has favored the in vitro establishment and reduced fungal contamination. On the other hand, it favored the shoot emission of shoots per explant during the multiplication phase. Both rooting induction culture medium and mini-incubator system use were effective in enabling adventitious root formation. The presence of activated carbon in the rooting induction culture medium resulted in a higher clonal plant survival rate.  

scholarly journals In vitro establishment and early development of barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vogel)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herick Fernando de Jesus Silva ◽  
Simone Abreu Asmar ◽  
Rayssa Camargo de Oliveira ◽  
Berildo De Melo ◽  
José Magno Queiroz Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
In Vitro Establishment ◽  
Dipteryx Alata

The barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) is a native fruit species of the Cerrado ecoregion that has multiple uses. It is a wild species, and its cultivation is difficult. Furthermore, it is threatened with extinction. Plant tissue culture is a major tool for the conservation of germplasm, as well as a means of propagating high-quality seedlings on a large scale. However, this technique has not been used with barueiro, although it might provide valuable contributions to the process of barueiro domestication. The most popular method of cultivation is the use of the Murashige and Skoog medium (MS), which is considered one of the most nutritionally complete media. Woody plant medium (WPM) is indicated for the propagation of woody species, but there are no reports of its use for barueiro cultivation. Woody plants tend to have problems with rust in vitro during the establishment phase. Activated charcoal acts as an adjuvant for the adsorption of phenolic compounds, mitigating its effects in the medium. Thus, the objective of this study was to test four activated charcoal doses (0, 2, 4 and 6 g L-1) and three culture media: MS, WPM, and AA (over water agar) in the in vitro establishment of barueiro. The experimental design was a completely randomised (DIC), 4 × 3 factorial design with three replications. At 60 days after inoculation, the explants were evaluated for dry matter, fresh weight, stem diameter, shoot length, number of leaves, longest root length, germination rate, and chlorophyll contents. The MS medium supplemented with 3,0 g L-1 activated charcoal appeared to be the best for in vitro establishment of barueiro.

scholarly journals In vitro multiplication protocol for Curcuma mangga : Studies on carbon, cytokinin source and explant size

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
A A Waman ◽  
P Bohra ◽  
R Karthika Devi ◽  
J Pixy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Planting Material

Mango ginger (Curcuma mangga Valeton & Zijp.) is an underutilized rhizomatous species that has been valued in tropical Asian countries as a source of vegetable, spice, salad, medicine, and essential oil. This species is hardy and requires less care for obtaining good yields. Rhizomes are the commonly used propagules for the species, which are also the economic part of the crop. Huge quantity of seed rhizomes is required to promote this crop in larger areas. An efficient in vitro multiplication protocol is one of the options to meet the planting material requirement. Effects of carbon source (glucose, fructose and sucrose) and concentration (1 and 3%, w/v), cytokinins (BAP and meta topolin) and concentration (1 mg/L and 2 mg/L), size of explants (one/ two/ three bud) and IBA treatment (0, 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/L) for concurrent ex vitro rooting cum hardening were studied. Results revealed that for facilitating efficient multiplication, the medium should be supplemented with glucose (3%) as a carbon source and meta topolin (1 mg/L) as cytokinin. Two-bud explant should be used for subculture as it promoted superior shoot proliferation. Concurrent ex vitro rooting cum hardening was possible even without auxin treatment. The present protocol could be useful for large-scale production of quality planting material of this underexploited tropical species.

scholarly journals Effect of different growth regulators on in vitro micro-propagation of Kufri Frysona

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-540
Author(s):  
Priyadarshani P. Mohapatra ◽  
V.K. Batra ◽  
Subhash Kajla ◽  
Anil K. Poonia ◽  
N. Manoj Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Potato Cultivar ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Micro Propagation

In the present investigation, experiment was conducted for in vitro micro-propagation with different concentration of growth regulators in different explants Sprouts and Shoot tips of potato cultivar Kufri Frysona. The maximum survival percentage (40) of sprouts and (100%) of shoot tips were obtained when the explants were surface sterilized with 0.2% bavistin & 0.4% streptocyclin (45minutes) and 0.1% mercuric chloride (60seconds). Sterilized explants were inoculated on MS basal supplemented with various growth regulators and established successfully. The maximum shoot induction (62.5±1.44%) in 11.3±0.33 days and (74.0 ± 2.13 %) in 10.0 ± 0.50 days were reported on medium PM1 (BAP 0.25 mg/l) in sprouts and shoot tip explants respectively. The sprouted explants were further sub-cultured on MS media supplemented with various growth regulator alone and in combination for in vitro multiplication. In Kufri Frysona (11.2) shoots were obtained on MS medium fortified with 0.25mg/l BAP + 0.01mg/l IAA on 42th day of subculture. In vitro rooting was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l NAA in Kufri Frysona after 10 days. Rooted plantlets were successfully hardened in green house using different types of potting mixture and finally transferred to field. The protocol will be very useful for large-scale production of disease free planting material of potato (S. tuberosum) in future.

scholarly journals In vitro micropropagation in Boehmeria nivea to generate safe planting materials for large-scale cultivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Pranit Kumar Mukherjee ◽  
Raju Mondal ◽  
Sourav Dutta ◽  
Kanti Meena ◽  
Madhumita Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Skoog Medium ◽  
Boehmeria Nivea ◽  
In Vitro Micropropagation ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Large Scale Cultivation

An efficient in vitro micropropagation protocol has been developed using nodal explants of ramie (Boehmeria nivea), with maximum shoots (42) per explant in 5 passages (passage duration: 21 days) on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-benzyladenine and 2.0 mg/l AgNO<sub>3</sub>. ½ Murashige and Skoog medium containing 40% sucrose was found to be most effective for the rooting of in vitro developed shoots. Those plantlets were acclimatized and transferred to pots for hardening under glasshouse conditions. About 91% of mericlones survived and showed no ectopic expression in respect of any morphological character in comparison with the parental stock. Furthermore, clonal fidelity of the mericlones was confirmed by using DNA markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA and inter simple sequence repeats) and by polypeptide profiling through SDS-PAGE at a genomic and protein level, respectively, which showed the true-to-type nature of the in vitro micropropagated plants. Thus the protocol developed can be used to generate safe planting material for large-scale cultivation of ramie.  

scholarly journals Identification of Stevioside Using Tissue Culture-Derived Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 8s2 ◽  
pp. BCI.S30378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziaul Karim ◽  
Daisuke Uesugi ◽  
Noriyuki Nakayama ◽  
M. Monzur Hossain ◽  
Kohji Ishihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Disease Free

Stevioside is a natural sweetener from Stevia leaf, which is 300 times sweeter than sugar. It helps to reduce blood sugar levels dramatically and thus can be of benefit to diabetic people. Tissue culture is a very potential modern technology that can be used in large-scale disease-free stevia production throughout the year. We successfully produced stevia plant through in vitro culture for identification of stevioside in this experiment. The present study describes a potential method for identification of stevioside from tissue culture-derived stevia leaf. Stevioside in the sample was identified using HPLC by measuring the retention time. The percentage of stevioside content in the leaf samples was found to be 9.6%. This identification method can be used for commercial production and industrialization of stevia through in vitro culture across the world.

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