scholarly journals Financial and Production Constraints faced by Women Entrepreneurs

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
N. Suganthi ◽  
M. Asokhan
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Managerial Leadership ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Specialized Institutions ◽  
Multidimensional Constraints

Women, who try to enter the field of industry in either managerial or entrepreneurial role, are generally exposed to various constraints. Though the entrepreneurial process is the same for men and women, there are however, in practice, women have to confront many additional problems of varying dimensions and magnitudes, which prevent them from realizing their full potential as entrepreneurs. Women entrepreneurs experience multidimensional constraints. The governments at the centre and the states have established a number of specialized institutions to cater to the needs of women entrepreneurs but they still face many problems. At this juncture, the constraints faced by women entrepreneurs were studied as one of the objective. This objective was to ascertain the financial, production and labour constraints faced by women in their enterprise. To achieve the purpose of the study, 40 registered women entrepreneurs in Micro Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) were identified in Coimbatore District of Tamil Nadu. Series of questions were asked through well structured interview schedule. Evidence in the paper shows that the most serious financial constraint faced by women was, that the entire loan was not given at a time (65.00%). In production and labour, most serious constraints faced by women entrepreneurs were labour management in various essential activities (92.5%). Methodology and design not clarified here. No recommendations The ex post - facto type of research was employed. Proportionate Random sample method” was adopted to select the respondents from the four Entrepreneurial Hubs. Women should attend training programs, seminars, workshop and conferences Related to develop professional competencies in managerial, leadership, marketing, financial, production process, profit planning, maintaining books of accounts and other skills.

Determinants of Gender Responsive Spending in Rural Families in Tamil Nadu

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
M Ramasubramanian ◽  
G Selvarani ◽  
D Puthira Prathap ◽  
M Senthil Kumar ◽  
A Anuratha
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Good Education ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Gender Neutral ◽  
Ex Post Facto

A study was conducted among 120 as respondents in Six villages of Madurai district with the objective of analysing the determinants for gender neutral spending in families and to predict their willingness to spend gender neutrally. Ex-post facto research design was employed and the respondents were selected using random sampling procedure. The data was collected using a well-structured interview schedule. The results revealed that among the determinants differential needs of sons/daughters, earning of husband and wife, urge for giving good education, perceived importance of the issue, availability of money for spending were found to be highly influencing the respondents to spend gender neutrally in families. Similarly, Influence on relatives on spending decisions, influence of neighbours on spending decision, social values, spending for health were the determinants which were moderately influencing the gender neutral spending in families. Binary Logistic Regression results revealed that the willingness of a parent improves 18 times if he/she is influenced by differential need of son and daughters. Further, it was found that, if a parent is influenced by urge for giving good education, the odds of his/her willingness to neutrally spend in families would increase by a factor of 17.58 units.

scholarly journals Farmers Perception towards Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in Salem District

2021 ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
S. Amutha Kumari ◽  
R. Jansi Rani ◽  
R. Premavathi ◽  
S. Sridevy
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Crop Insurance ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
Salem District

The aim of the study is to ascertain the perception of farmers towards Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY).The research design adopted for this study is an ex-post facto. The present investigation was carried out in Konganapuram and Kadayampatti  block of Salem district of Tamil Nadu. The duration of the study is from 2020-2021. As per the list provided by Joint Director of Agriculture and other officials  farmers were selected from each village, who have registered under P.M.F.B.Y. Respondents were selected from each village through proportionate sampling method and the sample size was 117. Based on judges’ opinion and review of literature, the well-structured interview schedule was prepared and used to collect data from the respondents. The collected data were coded, quantified, classified, tabulated and analyzed with the help of frequency and percentage to get the inference. The statement like all farmers can pay the amount of premium under crop insurance ranked as I (MS - 2.52) followed by the damage caused by fire and electricity must be included in Insurance (MS - 2.44), It is mandatory for all farmers to get crop insurance (MS - 2.42) were ranked as 2 and 3 respectively. As crop insurance protects the farmers from the uncertainty of risk in farming like natural calamities (floods, droughts, cyclones, and earth quakes, etc.). That crop insurance is mandatory for every type of farmer; Government should take the initiative to give subsidies for small scale farmers and large-scale farmers as a basis of proportion to their income levels.

scholarly journals Land Selling Scenario of Person Leaving Agriculture in Nayagarh District of Odisha

2021 ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Anupam Dakua ◽  
Kalyan Ghadei
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Ex Post Facto Study

Aim: Land being the most important consideration in the social status in the rural areas, selling of them is considered as bad signs in India. Many times, it is observed that farmers were compelled to sell their lands due to manyreasons. Depeasantisation is one of them. In the current paper the land selling scenario of the Depeasantised persons is analysed. Study Design and Place of Study: An Ex-post-Facto study has been conducted in Nayagarh District of Odisha, which is one of the peri-urban districts of the Capital city of Odisha. Methodology: A total of 280 number of Depeasantised persons were selected randomly from 5 blocks out of 8 blocks of the district for the study. A structured interview schedule was prepared for collecting the data from the respondents. With proper statistical tools the data was analysed and interpreted for the result. The proportion of respondents sold land, category of farmers who sold land, the reason of land selling, and the persons to whom the land sold was found out during the investigation. Result: Almost half of the depeasantised persons have sold their lands, all of then have sold a portion of their lands only. More than 85 percent of the respondents belonged to the marginal farer category who had sold their lands. Debt repayment was the primary factor for selling of land in the study area. Most of the depeasantised persons more than 60 percent had sold their lands to landlords and other moneyed persons. Conclusion: To safeguard the interest of the farmers and to prevent the land selling of the small and marginal farmers government should have more focused approach to solve this issue.

scholarly journals Migratory Sheep Farming Practices in Cauvery Delta Zone in Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Mahesh Chander ◽  
MS Kannadhasan ◽  
D Bardhan
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Cauvery Delta ◽  
And Control

Migratory sheep, due to its movement, poses threat of spreading diseases among small ruminants. Considering this, the study was carried out to identify the focus area of extension intervention among the migratory sheep farmers to disseminate scientifically recommended practices which minimize disease risk and enhance flock health. The study was conducted following ex post fact research design at Venganur village, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, data were personally collected from 30 migratory sheep farmers who were selected purposively. The findings were subjected to focussed group interview involving seven farmers. The results envisaged a wider difference among the farmers from 100 per cent non-adoption of balanced ration to 100.00 per cent adoption of deworming. Therefore, extension interventions need to be intensified to educate the farmers on technologies which help in disease prevention and control.

scholarly journals Constraints Perceived by Veterinarians of Tamil Nadu State of India in Providing Veterinary Services

2021 ◽  
pp. 192-197
Author(s):  
R. Sangameswaran ◽  
P. V. K. Sasidhar ◽  
K. Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
Ex Post Facto Study ◽  
Job Content

Objective: To determine the constraints faced by veterinarians in rendering services to the livestock farmers. Study Design: Ex-post facto study design Methodology: Data were collected from the Veterinarians in State Department of Animal Husbandry (SDAH) of Tamil Nadu, India during the year 2019 through pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and Garret ranking was used for analyzing the data. A total of 36 constraints were identified through focused group discussion and included in the questionnaire under different heads viz., Organizational, Job content Psychological, Institutional and Information delivery and administrative related constraints. Results: The results revealed that inadequacy of front line officers, arbitrary fixation of targets, less avenue for promotions, inadequate supporting staff and inadequate research extension linkages were identified as the major constraints that hinders the service delivery. Conclusion: this study suggested that the effectiveness of service could be further accentuated if the policy makers address the above constraints by strengthening research extension linkage, filling up of vacancies, down top approach in planning pro-poor livestock development policies with due recognition to the veterinarians. 

scholarly journals PERCEPÇÕES, CONCEPÇÕES E AVALIAÇÕES DE LICENCIANDOS EM CIÊNCIAS QUANTO AO FUNCIONAMENTO DO FACEBOOK COMO AMBIENTE VIRTUAL DE APRENDIZAGEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Amanda Stefani Ferreira Meneses ◽  
Francisca Alice De Lima ◽  
Joelianne De Menezes Cabral ◽  
Juliana Moreira Silva ◽  
Francisco Ranulfo Freitas Martins Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Interview Format ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Ex Post Facto Study

Nowadays, some experiences that have demonstrated how Facebook can be used as a virtual environment has started to be a part of the educational medium. In general, they report that this social network can support the pedagogical processes of teaching and learning, authorship network, online teaching and teacher training. However, even in fact of those possibilities, it is necessary to consider epistemological principles that seek to narrow successfully the relationship between education and technologies, especially the digital ones. Based on these assumptions, the presented article related education and cyberculture as take as a link between network and apprentice. It was performed an ex-post facto study during the explanatory research of qualitative nature, in order to identify some perceptions, conceptions, and evaluations of undergraduates for the use of Facebook during teacher’s formation. The three categories identified after the capture of data from nineteen questions, elaborated in the semi-structured interview format, which dealt with the situations experienced by them as a group involved in a group formed by the social network, which emerged as a virtual reality and insofar as was being didactically systematized, as a virtual community, was synthesized by interactive and collaborative learning. In the end, it was possible to establish, among other, reflections concerned to the three identified categories, as the reason for the preference for the work type accomplished in net, the contribution of the activities accomplished virtually and the positive and negative points of the use of this network as a methodology in the science teaching.

scholarly journals Perception of Farmers towards Climate Change in Southern Parts of Tamil Nadu: A Critical Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Sivaraj Paramasivam ◽  
G. Vivekanathapatmanaban
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
Land Farming

The goal of this research was to look into farmers' perceptions of climate change in agriculture. An ex post facto research design was used in the study. The research was carried out in wetland, dryland, and garden land farming systems in the Tamil Nadu districts of Madurai and Sivagangai. A total of 120 farmers representing three farming systems were chosen and surveyed for the study using a proportionate random sample procedure. Personal interviews with respondents were conducted using a well-structured and pre-tested interview schedule. Descriptive statistical tools were used to analyze the data. According to the findings, more than half of the respondents in the wetland (65.00%), dryland (50.00%), and garden land (55.00%) were perceived climate change in agriculture at a medium level. The majority of the garden land respondents (72.50%) had perceived the increased pest and disease incidence due to climate change than the respondents of wetland (52.50%) and drylands (30.00%). More than three-fifths of the respondents in the study area had perceived the income from agriculture was adversely affected (69.17%) due to climate change followed by the change in crop yield (64.17%) and cost of cultivation was increased (61.67%) due to the climate change. As a result, any intervention that supports the use of climate change adaptation measures may take into account location-specific factors that influence farmers' perceptions of climate change and adaptive responses to it.

The Politics of Domestic Violence Laws Against Women and the Dignity of Womanhood

2020 ◽  
pp. 221-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikedinachi Ayodele Power Wogu ◽  
Ayotunde Elegbeleye ◽  
Kalu Uche Uwaoma ◽  
Charles Nathaniel Chukwuedo ◽  
Morris Edogiawere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Domestic Violence Against Women ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Women And Girls

Studies on domestic violence against women (DVAW) reveals that the patriarchal and socio-cultural mindset of Nigerians, which tend to dignify the roles of men over women, thus encumbering the full implementation of the laws designed to protect the dignity of womanhood, is at the crux of factors militating against women. With the culture violence theory as theoretical framework for the study, Marilyn's ex-post-facto research method was adopted since the chapter utilized data gathered from previously analyzed studies on the subject of DVAW. Socio-cultural and the lackadaisical behavior of politicians were identified as pertinent factors influencing the rising cases of DVAW recorded, despite the presence of the Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act (VAPPA) laws that prohibit violence against persons in states, a factor impeding most women from attaining their full potential and dignity in African societies. The need to strengthen and increase sensitization about the essence of VAPPA laws and what women and girls stand to achieve by its enforcement were emphasized.

scholarly journals CONSTRAINTS FACED BY WOMEN INVOLVED IN SELF-HELP GROUPS AND SEEK THEIR SUGGESTIONS FOR BETTER INVOLVEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Subrat Kumar Maharana ◽  
Jahanara Jahanara ◽  
Dipak Kumar Bose
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interview ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Affinity Group ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Self Help Groups

A SHG is a small economically homogeneous affinity group of the rural poor voluntarily coming together to save small amount regularly, which are deposited in a common fund to meet members emergency needs and to provide collateral free loans decided by the group. The present study was conducted in Koksara block of Kalahandi district of Odisha. Ex-post facto research design was followed for the present study. The data was collected from 150 respondents. It was collected randomly from 10 villages using pre-tested structured interview schedule and analyzed using frequency, percentage & Ranking. From the data collection it was found that majority of respondents were facing major constraints such as loans were not sufficient followed by lack of knowledge and skills and so on. Suggestions offered by them were such as Women must be literate; there should be Family support for business & easy bank loan procedure and so on.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Utilization of “Uzhavan App” as Perceived by the Farmers in Tamil Nadu

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Aravindh Kumar s ◽  
◽  
Karthikeyan c ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Information Communication Technologies ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Information Communication ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto

Information Communication Technologies (ICT’s) is now performing as the third hand for shifting farmer’s life to next level by improving access to information and sharing of knowledge. Tamil Nadu Government has launched “Uzhavan” mobile application for the benefit of farmers. The focus of the present study is to find influencing factors on utilizing Uzhavan app as perceived by the farmers and to bring up the changes felt by the farmers after utilizing Uzhavan application. An ex-post facto research design was adopted for the study. Data collected from a sample of 90 Uzhavan app users in Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu, India, during January 2020. Operability, Accuracy, Readability, Directness, Timeliness, Creditability and Reliability were the most influencing factors of the utilization of the Uzhavan app by the farmers. Farmers felt that Uzhavan app has relatively lowered the information searching time and it has created more awareness about Agricultural Government Schemes.

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