scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis among Different Surface Sterilisation Methods for Rice Invitro Culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Md. Nasim Ali ◽  
Subhasis Samanta ◽  
Nirmal Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Chloride Treatment

Invitro tissue culture establishment is the most important phase in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genetic improvement studies. But, invitro tissue growth demands a sterile condition conducive for unhampered nutrient supply to the explant which otherwise face competition from unwanted microbial contamination of explant origin. To eliminate such contaminants, there are several surface sterilisation techniques available for Invitro culture establishment of mature rice seed explants, which include the application of either mercuric chloride or sodium hypochlorite as sterilizing agents. Therefore, a comparative study was conducted to determine the effect of these sterilization techniques on decontaminating the rice seed explants without affecting their invitro germination potential. The most effective sterilisation was obtained with 0.2% mercuric chloride treatment for 8 minutes, which produced 93.62± 0.191% of contamination free seeds. But, the highest germination (94.53± 0.210%) was obtained with 4% of NaOCl treatment for 10 minutes. The results demonstrated that the level of contamination decreases with increasing concentration of sterilising agents and the duration of the treatment. The germination percentage decreased with increasing concentration of mercuric chloride. Sodium hypochlorite enhanced germination until a concentration increase of 4% and then the germination percentage decreased with increasing concentration and treatment duration. These findings may help in determination of most appropriate surface sterilisation technique in rice for in vitro culture.

scholarly journals Effects Of Different Sterilization Regimes & Growth Regulators On Micropropagation Of Female Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
B.O. Emoghene ◽  
M. Idu ◽  
C.R. Eke ◽  
O. Asemota
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Culture Techniques

The success of in vitro culture techniques is always hampered by microbial contamination. The present study was carried out to develop an efficient protocol for date palm explants sterilization for successful somatic embryos induction and plantlets formation of some date palm varieties. The shoot tips were treated with different sterilizing agents at different concentrations and durations of exposure. The use of ethanol (70%), sodium hypochlorite (3.5% & 70%) and mercuric chloride (0.2%) with or without addition of Tween-20 had different effects on decontamination of the date palm explants. The percentage of explants contaminated with bacteria for sterilants 1, 2 and 4 was 18.8%, 6.3% and 6.3% respectively while 25%, 37.5%, 31.25% and 6.25% were contaminated with fungi for sterilants 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Under the conditions used, a combination of antioxidants (Citric and Ascorbic acids at 100mg/l), 0.2% mercuric chloride and 3.5% sodium hypochlorite solution with 3 drops/100ml of Tween-20 helped in the reduction of chlorosis, contamination and die-back in the shoot tip explants. The explants were further cultured in appropriate media for callus initiation and subsequent somatic embryo induction. Optimal embryogenic callus was obtained from the shoot explant of sterilant number 4 which had the minimal contamination and die-back of all the cultures. After 3 subcultures, the somatic embryos formed were multiplied for shoot development. From this study, we established that the use of appropriate surface sterilant at suitable concentration and duration of exposure of date palm explant to it is indispensable for maximum responses of in vitro cultures. Keywords: Date palm, Microbial contamination, Sterilizing agents, in vitro, Somatic embryos

scholarly journals The Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) and Heat Treatments on Seed Germination of Rice: An Approach to Restore Seed Viability

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Monoj Sutradhar ◽  
Subhasis Samanta ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Md. Nasim Ali ◽  
Nirmal Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Breaking Seed Dormancy ◽  
One Year

Dormancy in rice serves as a mechanism of survival by protecting the seed from germinating in the mother plants; however, it becomes a problem in germination during sowing in soil or under in vitro conditions. This study was conducted to determine the effect of heat treatment and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treatment of seeds on dormancy alleviation. The seeds included both freshly harvested seeds and one-year-old stored seeds, which were tested for germination after different types of seed treatments. Both the treatments increased the germination percentage in seeds, however, it was lesser in the case of old seeds. The best results were obtained from 2% NaOCl treatment for 24 hrs in new seeds, i.e. 92.84±0.103 % germination percentage (GP). However, the higher GP in old seeds were obtained from 48 hrs of heat-treated seeds i.e. 82.9±0.509 % GP. The results of the experiment revealed that rice seeds start to lose viability within a year due to seed dormancy, but this can be reversed with proper measures. These methods of breaking seed dormancy can be considered effective to break seed dormancy and improve seed germination in rice.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Lolium multiflorum Lam. in the Management of Rice Weeds

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Sara Vitalini ◽  
Francesca Orlando ◽  
Valentina Vaglia ◽  
Stefano Bocchi ◽  
Marcello Iriti
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Organic Farmers ◽  
Total Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Species Specific

The phytotoxic relationships between crops and weeds can cover a role in weed management, reducing the use of chemical herbicides. Starting from the organic farmers’ experience, the study aimed to define the inhibitory action of Lolium multiflorum Lam., used as a cover crop before rice sowing, against Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch, one of the main rice weeds. In vitro 7-day assays were carried out in Petri dishes to compare the effect of different L. multiflorum Lam. parts, in the form of aqueous extract or powder, on the seed germination and seedling growth of Oryza sativa L. and E. oryzoides and to verify the hypothesis of a higher susceptibility of the weed. The total polyphenolic content, as the potential source of allelochemicals, in the L. multiflorum parts was measured. The results showed that both species suffer the phytotoxic action of L. multiflorum, but a more marked effect against E. oryzoides was recorded. In according with the polyphenol quantities, stem and inflorescence extracts showed the more significant species-specific inhibition. In all assays, the weed showed a stronger reduction in the root length and seedling vigor index, and, in some cases, also in the germination percentage and shoot length compared to rice.

scholarly journals Disinfection of Dental Unit Water Line Using Aloe Vera: In Vitro Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Pareek ◽  
Anup Nagaraj ◽  
Prateek Sharma ◽  
Mansi Atri ◽  
Satinder Walia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Dental Unit Waterlines

Context. Dental unit waterlines may be heavily contaminated with microorganisms and are a potential source of infection for both practicing staff and immunocompromised patients particularly. Contamination of dental unit water lines could be inhibited with the use of disinfectants. The present study investigates the effect of aloe-vera-based disinfectant in reducing the microbial growth in dental unit water lines (DUWLs).Aims. To compare the efficacy of aloe vera, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in controlling microbial contamination of DUWLs.Materials and Methods. After obtaining baseline water samples, the dental unit waterlines were treated with aloe vera, 10% hydrogen peroxide, and 5% sodium hypochlorite. Each of the three disinfectants was used in increasing concentrations and their inhibiting effect was compared. Water samples were analyzed for microbiological quality by the total viable count (TVC) method.Statistical Analysis Used. SPSS 16.Results. There was significant reduction in mean CFU/ml when treated with disinfectants each for a period of one week. Aloe-vera solution was found to be the most effective in reducing the microbial colonies.Conclusions. Improving the water quality from dental unit water lines is of considerable importance; chemical-based disinfectants can be replaced with herbal disinfectants for treating microbial contamination in dental unit waterlines.

scholarly journals Identification of in-vitro PEG Mediated Drought Tolerance Genotype in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Shahriar Rahman Shovon ◽  
Md. Arifuzzaman ◽  
Most. Farzana Haque ◽  
Bhabendra Kumar Biswas ◽  
Most. Moriom Pervin
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Drought is a serious bottleneck in the production of rice globally. For this, an experiment was conducted in-vitro on six rice genotypes viz. BRRI Dhan-28, Begunbahar, Burikatari, Pashpai, Dular and Begunbichi to investigate the effect polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated artificial drought on morpho-physiological parameters such as germination percentage, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, turgid weight, relative water content and proline accumulation. Here, different doses of PEG-6000 viz. 0gL-1, 15gL-1, 30gL-1, 45gL-1 and 60gL-1 were used with Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The results demonstrated that BRRI Dhan-28, Burikatari and Dular revealed greater performance at control conditions but at the highest degree of water stress conditions only Burikatari showed higher mean value for all parameters studied. Again, Begunbichi followed by BRRI Dhan-28 exhibited the lowest mean value for almost all traits except for proline accumulation. Here, water stress decreased the performance of morpho-physiological characters except proline accumulation in rice. The cluster analysis was performed and distributed into three groups where there was a significant variation among the clusters at different water stress conditions. Here, the genotype Burikatari is more diverse giving maximum Euclidian distances in drought treatments. It could be considered as a parent in the hybridization program against Begunbahar, Dular and Paspai. Therefore, considering the mean performances and cluster analysis, Burikatari exhibited greater performances against the highest degree of drought conditions. This genotype may bear drought-tolerant gene for which could be utilized for further development of drought-tolerant variety and gene transfer.

scholarly journals Determination of an effective method of Citrus aurantifolia lime and Citrus lemon varieties plant explants sterilization for in vitro introduction into the culture

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
S. Shokh ◽  
Z. Sych ◽  
L. Karpuk
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Cultivation Techniques

Potted citrus plants are in constant demand, but the propagation of such plants requires the use of a winter greenhouse and several well-developed mother plants to obtain planting material. The use of microclonal propagation can accelerate the production of seed material though it requires detailed development of in vitro cultivation techniques. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of sterilizing substances and methods of sterilization on the yield of viable micro shoots of lime plants (Citrus aurantifolia) as well as Meyer and Jubilee lemon varieties and their growth in vitro. The research was conducted in the interdepartmental "Biotechnological Laboratory" of the Agrobiotechnological Faculty of Bila Tserkva NAU. The source material was microshoots from lime plants (Citrus aurantifolia), and lemon varieties (Citrus lemon) Meyer and Jubilee. The objects of the study were selected according to the diversity of genotypes, development type and varietal characteristics. The possibility of using different parts of plants for reproduction is a feature of in vitro culture. We used microshoots with a bud in our research. To neutralize the exogenous bacterial and fungal microflora, we used 70 % ethanol solution C2 H5 OH, sodium hypochlorite 5 %, 15 % solution of hydrogen peroxide H2 O2 , sulema (0.1) and washed the material in sterile water (for 5–10 min) under several schemes. The study revealed the influence of different sterilization regimes for obtaining sterile explants and the introduction into plant culture of explants of the species of lime Citrus aurantifolia as well as Meyer and Jubilee lemon varieties. It was found that the use of step sterilization using 2.5 % solutions of sodium hypochlorite gives a high percentage of sterile viable material – 27.7 %, which is significantly higher than in other variants of the experiment. Key words: microshoots, lime, sterile material, micropropagation, sterilization, hydrogen peroxide, viability of explants.

scholarly journals Fluorescence Quenching-Based Mechanism for Determination of Hypochlorite by Coumarin-Derived Sensors

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karolina Starzak ◽  
Arkadiusz Matwijczuk ◽  
Bernadette Creaven ◽  
Alicja Matwijczuk ◽  
Sławomir Wybraniec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Recognition Mechanism ◽  
Linear Decrease

A fluorescence quenching-based mechanism for the determination of hypochlorite was proposed based on spectroscopic and chromatographic studies on the hypochlorite-sensing potency of three structurally similar and highly fluorescent coumarins. The mode of action was found to rely upon a chlorination of the coumarin-based probes resulting from their reaction with sodium hypochlorite. Importantly, the formation of chlorinated derivatives was accompanied by a linear decrease in the fluorescence intensities of the probes tested. The results obtained suggest the applicability of a coumarin-dependent hypochlorite recognition mechanism for the detection of, as well as for quantitative determination of, hypochlorite species in vitro.

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