scholarly journals Phytochemistry and Toxicity of Methanol Root Extract of Costus lucanusianus

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Hope Delesi Kagbo ◽  
Lilian Ayagogo Gospel
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Median Lethal Dose ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Costus lucanusianus (ginger lily or monkey sugarcane) is a medicinal plant commonly used to treat various ailments in tropical Africa. The leaves, stem and sometimes the root have been exploited for this purpose. However, it is a common belief in the Niger Delta of Nigeria that the root is poisonous. This study investigated the phytochemical and acute toxicity profiles of the methanol root extract of the plant. Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard procedures to test for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, glycosides, triterpenoids/steroids and carbohydrates. The median lethal dose (LD50) was determined using the Arithmetic method of Reed and Muench. This was followed by haematologic, liver and kidney functionality assays at doses of 14, 29 and 58 mg/kg of the methanol root extract. The result obtained showed that the extract contained flavonoids, saponins, triterpenoids and steroids among others, but anthraquinones and alkaloids were not present. The median lethal dose (LD50) value obtained for the extract was 288 mg/kg. The haematologic assay showed significant, p<0.001, dose-dependent decrease in red blood cell parameters and also some white blood cell parameters (such as white blood cell, neutrophil, monocytes and eosinophil counts). Furthermore, the serum levels of the liver enzymes, electrolytes (except K+), urea and creatinine increased significantly as the doses increased. From the foregoing, it could be concluded that the root of Costus lucanusianus is toxic to the kidney and liver and could be a blood poison (hemotoxic). This confirms the ethnobotanical belief that this part of the plant (root) is poisonous.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MUCUNA PRURIEN AQUEOUS LEAF EXTRACT ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF WISTAR RAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
Nnaemeka Okorie ◽  
Samuel A Fasogbon ◽  
Chioma J Emmanuel ◽  
Samuel C Nnorom ◽  
Ayobami B Olayera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Haematological Parameters ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract

Background: Mucuna prurien is a tropical legume also known as velvet bean and has been used by ancient healers’ community for different healing purposes.Objective: This study was carried out to determine the effect of Mucuna Prurien leaves aqueous crude extract on haematological parameters of Wistar rats.Materials and Methods: Twelve  healthy adult wistar rats weighed 1200g ± 1700g  body weight  respectively for (21) days produced periodic body weight gained while assessment of haematological parameters was done using sysmex KX-21N. Outcome values from the assessment were collated as data and statistically analyzed. Results and Discussions: The results  showed that the leave extract produced relatively decreased total white blood cell count (TWBC) though falls within the control normal range. There was significance increase in red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cell (WBC) and Haemoglobin (HB) concentrations within normal limit which can indicates the possibility of using this leaf in treating anaemia.Conclusion and Recommendations: This study revealed that administration of mucuna prurien for forty eight (48) hours could stimulate erythropoiesis without haema-toxic effect in rat, however, mucuna prurien causes an increase in RBC, platelet, lymphocyte, MCH, MCHC, and MCV; that was significant enough for clinical trial in cases of anemia. Further study is therefore recommended on Mucuna Prurien especially in finding out the lethal dose and the identification of the plant component responsible for the observed leucopoenia so that it can be safer for use in the treatment of anaemia and in order to also avoid uncontrollable increase of red cell parameters (erythrocytosis) and leucopenia.

Bioaccumulated Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Red/White Blood Cell Parameters

1996 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.Hugh Dunstan ◽  
Timothy K. Roberts ◽  
Mark Donohoe ◽  
Neil R. McGregor ◽  
Darren Hope ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cell Parameters

scholarly journals Correlation Between Ultrawide-Field Fluorescence Contrast Results and White Blood Cell Indexes in Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Huang ◽  
Lele Li ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Dongmei Zhang ◽  
Yu Song
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Microvascular Leakage ◽  
Department Of Ophthalmology ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Fluorescence Contrast

Abstract Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. DR involves a state of systemic inflammation, and chronic inflammation can promote microvascular and macrovascular diseases in diabetic patients and accelerate disease progression. Ultrawide-field FFA (UWFA) systems are increasingly being used to examine a wider retina. To explore the correlation between the different manifestations of retinopathy under UWFA and the systemic indicators of white blood cells in patients with diabetic retinopathy .Methods: This retrospective study included the hospitalized DR patients in the Department of Ophthalmology and Endocrinology of the Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University between January 2016 and March 2019. This study examined the correlations between the UWFA examination results and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), routine blood tests, blood coagulation function, liver and kidney function, and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of patients with clinically diagnosed DR during hospitalization.Results: A total of 115 patients with DR (53 females and 62 males) were included (199 eyes: 102 right eyes and 97 left eyes). UWFA revealed that most eyes (77.4%) had grade 4 microvascular leakage, 52.8% had grade 0 capillary non-perfusion area, 59.3% had grade 0 neovascularization, and 92.0% had grade 0 fibrous proliferative membranes. Microvascular leakage was correlated with the NLR (r=0.186, P=0.027). Capillary non-perfusion area was correlated with the monocyte ratio (r=0.144, P=0.042) and the eosinophil ratio (r=0.123, P=0.044). Neovascularization was correlated to the monocyte ratio (r=0.324, P=0.018). Finally, the fibrous proliferative membrane was correlated to the monocyte ratio (r=0.418, P=0.002). Only the eosinophil ratio was independently associated with proliferative DR (odds ratio=1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.51, P=0.018).Conclusion: The results of UWFA imaging in patients with DR are correlated with white blood cell population indexes. The eosinophil ratio was independently associated with proliferative DR.

scholarly journals Changes in white blood cells in sheep blood during selenium supplementation

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 255-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pisek ◽  
J. Travnicek ◽  
J. Salat ◽  
V. Kroupova ◽  
M. Soch
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the impact of selenium supplementation on white blood cell parameters in the blood of ewes. The total white blood cell (WBC) and differentiation of leukocytes in blood smear were detected by a microscopic analysis, and the CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> subsets were detected by flow cytometry. A decrease in the count of WBC was recorded during pregnancy; it was statistically significant only in the group supplemented with organic selenium. In the postpartal period there was a statistically significant increase in the percentages of CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> subsets but differences between the groups were not statistically significant. The results of the experiment documented that the supplementation of different forms of selenium did not markedly influence the dynamics of blood parameters in non-pregnant, pregnant and lactating ewes if the intake of vitamins and other essential microelements was adequate.

scholarly journals Some Immunological and Hematological Parameters among Refugees in Kawergosk Camp – Erbil Governorate

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Tanya S. Salih ◽  
Safa Safin Haydar ◽  
Muhsin H. Ubeid ◽  
Ameena S. M. Juma
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Wbc Count

The study included 258 Syrian refugees of different ages and sex and another 60 volunteers as control group (C.G). These refugees were in Kawergosk camp in Erbil Governorate. Blood was collected from each individual for the estimation of white blood cell (WBC), eosinophil, iron, hemoglobin (Hb), and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. Mean serum levels of IgE among male and female refugees showed highly significant increasing when compared to C.G. Most of the refugees had normal iron levels, where iron concentrations were more than 65 mg/dl among 67 males and more than 50 mg/dl among 104 females and 48 children, while some had iron deficiency in which the majority were female (9 males, 24 females, and 6 children had iron deficiency). In addition, Hb concentrations were normal among 65 males (more than 13.0 g/dl), 89 females (more than 11.0 g/dl), and 48 children (more than 12.0 g/dl). However, anemia was found among 8 men, 42 women, and 6 children. It was revealed that there was a highly significant rising in eosinophils in male and female refugees in comparison to C.G. WBC count is non-significantly slightly increased in both male’s and female’s refugees when compared to C.G.

Changes in White Blood Cell Parameters of Common Terns (Sterna hirundo) Exposed to Low Levels of Oil

Waterbirds ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian C. T. Nisbet ◽  
Florina S. Tseng ◽  
Christine V. Fiorello ◽  
Victor Apanius
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Sterna Hirundo ◽  
Cell Parameters ◽  
Common Terns ◽  
Low Levels
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