scholarly journals In vitro Anti-inflammatory Properties in Various Extracts (Ethanol, Chloroform and Aqueous) of Kaempferia galanga Linn Rhizome

2021 ◽  
pp. 476-481
Author(s):  
Hooriyah Laiq Ahmed Khan ◽  
G. Sridevi ◽  
J. Selvaraj ◽  
S. Preetha
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Kaempferia Galanga ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
One Way Anova

Introduction: Kaempferia galanga is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae: ginger family. It is treated as a folk traditional herb. Anti Inflammatory property refers to the ability of a substance to reduce inflammation or any of its 5 cardinal signs. Aim: To assess and compare in vitro the anti-inflammatory properties of various extracts (ethanol, chloroform and aqueous) of Kaempferia galanga L Rhizome. Materials and Methods: Protein Denaturation Inhibition was carried out in vitro and statistical analysis was done using ONE WAY -ANOVA and Duncan Multiple Range Tests. The test was done in triplicates. Results: Chloroform extract of Kaempferia galanga rhizome has the best anti-inflammatory potential followed by Ethanol and Aqueous extracts of the rhizome. Conclusion: With further in vivo and clinical research, the chloroform, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Kaempferia galanga can be recommended as a novel, innovative and potent anti-inflammatory drug in the market as it’s natural and doesn’t have side effects.

scholarly journals In-Vivo and In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Aqueous Extract of Di-Herbal Formulation (Euphorbia hirta and lactuca virosa)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1979-1985
Author(s):  
DO Uwaya ◽  
R Okakwu ◽  
OP Omozuwa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Membrane Stabilization ◽  
Euphorbia Hirta ◽  
Lactuca Virosa ◽  
Herbal Formulation ◽  
Inflammatory Protein ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Euphorbia hirta and Lactuca virosa are medicinal plants that have been used in the cure and treatment of various diseases and for health care. This study aims at evaluating the anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extracts of Euphorbia hirta and Lactuca virosa plants. Albumin and histamine induced inflammation in mice and xylene induced ear edema were used for the in-vivo anti-inflammatory studies. Erythrocyte membrane stabilization and inhibition of protein denaturation assays were used for the in-vitro anti-inflammatory studies. Combined doses of 100 mg/kg Euphorbia hirta and 50 mg/kg Lactuca virosa, 100 mg/kg Euphorbia hirta and 100 mg/kg Lactuca virosa, 100 mg/kg Lactuca virosa only and 10 mg/kg diclofenac significantly reduced inflamed paw in mice (P<0.05) compared to control in albumin and histamine induced inflammatory test. Combined doses of 50 mg/kg Euphorbia hirta and 100 mg/kg Lactuca virosa,100 mg/kg Euphorbia hirta, 100mg/kg Lactuca virosa significantly reduced xylene induced inflammation (P<0.001) compared to control. The extracts at 1 mg/ml, 2 mg/ml and 3 mg/ml significantly inhibited protein denaturation (P<0.001) and heat induced hemolysis of erythrocytes (P<0.0001). The plant extract of Euphorbia hirta and lactuca virosa possesses in-vivo and in-vivo anti-inflammatory effects. Keywords: Euphorbia hirta, Lactuca virosa, anti-inflammatory, protein denaturation

scholarly journals IN VIVO AND IN VITRO INVESTIGATIONS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL POTENTIALS OF CASSIA OBTUSIFOLIA PLANT

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
KEWATKAR SM ◽  
PAITHANKAR VV ◽  
BHUJBAL SS ◽  
JAIN SP ◽  
NAGORE DH
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Study ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
The Family ◽  
Tail Immersion ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
One Way Anova

Objectives: Cassia obtusifolia L. belonging to the Family Caesalpiniaceae, proposed to have abundant pharmacological potential and widely consumed as laxative, diuretic, and stomachic. The aim of the present research was to study the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antioxidant potentials of C. obtusifolia plant. Methods: Various acute and chronic animal models such as Carrageenan-induced paw edema, tail immersion method, acetic acid-induced writhing, and in vitro methods were used to study the profound pharmacological and antioxidant potentials. Results: The results for pharmacological study were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons using INTA software. Conclusion: The present study reveals that C. obtusifolia possesses comparable anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antioxidant potential.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory properties of Dirinaria consimilis extracts in albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Bharadwaj Tatipamula ◽  
Girija Sastry Vedula
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

BackgroundEarlier, the lichens are used in traditional medicines by different cultures across the world. As the Dirinaria genus has been shown to be biologically active against inflammation in folklore, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory profile of Dirinaria consimilis.Material and methodsInitially, the hydroalcoholic extract of lichen, D. consimilis (Dc-HE) was prepared and re-extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. The resultant extracts were evaluated for their in vitro (protein denaturation method), acute toxicity and in vivo (formalin-induced rat paw oedema assay) anti-inflammatory studies.ResultsAmong all the tested extracts, the acetone and chloroform extract of D. consimilis depicted prominent anti-inflammatory activity in both the bioassays. The acetone extract inhibited protein denaturation with IC50 value of about 468 µg/mL while the standard (Indomethacin) with 120 µg/mL. Moreover, the Dc-HE was screened for acute toxicity studies in male albino rats up to 2000 mg/Kg b.w dosage. The in vivo anti-inflammatory analysis of acetone extract (200 mg/mL) showed potent reduction of rat paw oedema nearer to that of the standard, whereas chloroform extract depicted moderate depletion and the other extracts revealed mild inhibitory profile against inflammation.ConclusionThis study reveals that the lichen, D. consimilis might be a good source of anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 3-Formyl, 7-Flavonols Derivatives by Microwave Enhanced Chemistry Assisted - Vilsmeier Haack Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1779-1791
Author(s):  
M. Karpakavalli ◽  
A.Y. Sangilimuthu ◽  
A.Usha Raja Nanthini ◽  
G.Nagaraja Perumal ◽  
S. Mohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Dimethyl Formamide ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Rf Values ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In the modern medicines the novel and active molecules are essential to act against various diseases and increase the needs day by day due to population increase. In view of that, we attempt to make a variety of synthetic molecules against inflammation by a new and popular greener microwave assisted and faster method such as Microwave Enhanced Chemistry assisted Vilsmeier Haack Synthesis (MEC-VHS). In this paper, we report the synthesis of nitro- dinitro- and acetyl- derivatives of 3- formyl, 7-flavonols using MEC-VHS techniques against inflammation as anti-inflammatory agent. These derivatives were synthesized via pinkish formylation complex of dimethyl formamide and phosphorous oxychloride by microwave irradiation resulted as suspension by base. The re-crystallized products were characterized through Co-TLC, λmax, IR, HPTLC, 1HNMR, CHN analysis and mass spectral studies. The HPTLC finger print profiles obtained were of with a prominent single peak and with a matching Rf values compared to that obtained by an ordinary Co-TLC technique. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their anti-inflammatory activity by in vitro protein denaturation method and in vivo carrageenan induced paw oedema method and it was found that all the compounds excepting the un-substituted 3-formyl, 7-flavonols gave an equi- or more potent activity as compared to that of the standard.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and In Vivo Antiarthritic Activities of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Dissotis thollonii Cogn. (Melastomataceae) in Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Flore Djuichou Nguemnang ◽  
Eric Gonzal Tsafack ◽  
Marius Mbiantcha ◽  
Ateufack Gilbert ◽  
Albert Donatien Atsamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Zymosan A ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Promising Source

Dissotis thollonii Cogn. (Melastomataceae) is a tropical plant widely used in traditional Cameroonian medicine to relieve and treat many pathologies. It is widespread in the western region where it is used to treat typhoid fever, gastrointestinal disorders, and inflammatory diseases. The purpose of this study is to scientifically demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic properties of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Dissotis thollonii. The anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated in vitro by inhibition tests for cyclooxygenase, 5-lipoxygenase, protein denaturation, extracellular ROS production, and cell proliferation; while antiarthritic properties were evaluated in vivo in rats using the zymosan A-induced monoarthritis test and the CFA-induced polyarthritis model. This study shows that aqueous and ethanolic extracts at a concentration of 1000 μg/ml inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase (47.07% and 63.36%) and 5-lipoxygenase (66.79% and 77.7%) and protein denaturation (42.51% and 44.44%). Similarly, both extracts inhibited extracellular ROS production (IC50 = 5.74 μg/ml and 2.96 μg/ml for polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 7.47 μg/ml and 3.28 μg ml for peritoneal macrophages of mouse) and cell proliferation (IC50 = 16.89 μg/ml and 3.29 μg/ml). At a dose of 500 mg/kg, aqueous and ethanolic extracts significantly reduce edema induced by zymosan A (69.30% and 81.80%) and CFA (71.85% and 79.03%). At the same dose, both extracts decreased sensitivity to mechanical hyperalgesia with 69.00% and 70.35% inhibition, respectively. Systemic and histological analyzes show that both extracts maintain the studied parameters very close to normal and greatly restored the normal architecture of the joint in animals. Dissotis thollonii would therefore be a very promising source for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Screening of Antibacterial, Thrombolytic, Membrane Stabilizing, Anti-inflammatory and Antitumor Activity of Citrus assamensis Leaf Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-210
Author(s):  
M. Shahriar ◽  
M. A. Bhuiyan ◽  
M. S. Rana
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Hypotonic Solution ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Thrombolytic Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The methanol, ethanol and chlorofom leaf extracts of Satkara, Citrus assamensis (family: Rutaceae), were subjected to in vitro anti-bacterial, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing and in vivo anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity tests. The chloroform extract of C. assamensis showed the most important spectrum of activity against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Sarcina lutea among 6 gram positive and against 11 gram negative bacteria at the concentration of 1000 μg/disc, while the range of zones of inhibition were within 7-16 mm. Among the tested three extracts CHCl3 extract showed potent thrombolytic activity and hypotonic solution induced haemolytic activity where the percentages of inhibition were found to be 35% and 55% respectively. All the extracts established significant (p<0.05) anti-inflammatory effect by regulating biphasic inflammatory process induced by carrageenan. The leaf extract dose-dependently and significantly decreases the number of EAC cell count and inhibition of cell growth in comparison to the EAC control and standard. The results obtained in the present study indicate that, C. assamensis leaf can be a potential source of anti-bacterial, thrombolytic, membrane stabilizing, anti-inflammatory and antitumor agents.

scholarly journals In vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and qualitative phytochemical evaluation of the Phytexponent preparation of selected plants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gervason Moriasi ◽  
Elias Nelson ◽  
Epaphrodite Twahirwa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Oxidative stress is a critical etiologic factor and driver of inflammatory responses, witnessed in chronic and persistent conditions. The current anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory drugs are associated with detrimental effects, high dependence, high costs, inaccessibility, among other drawbacks; therefore, a need for alternatives is imperative. Despite the remarkable potential of medicinal plants, there are scanty empirical studies on their pharmacologic efficacy. The Phytexponent is an alcoholic polyherbal preparation of Allium sativum, Triticum repens, Echinacea purpurea, Viola tricolor and Matricaria chamomilla. In complementary medicine, the Phytexponent is used to boost immunity, to treat inflammatory disorders, oxidative stress, blood pressure, diabetes, stress/depression, among other conditions. However, there is no sufficient scientific data to support these healing claims. Therefore, in the current study evaluated the in vitro anti-inflammatory, antioxidant activities and qualitative phytochemical composition of the Phytexponent. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated using the inhibition of protein denaturation and the human erythrocyte (HRBC) membrane stabilization techniques. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by the 1,1-diphenyl-picryl-1-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging-, the hydroxyl radical scavenging- and catalase activities. Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed using standard procedures. The results showed a significantly higher percentage inhibition of heat-induced- and hypotonicity induced HRBC hemolysis by the Phytexponent at concentrations of 50 % and 100 %, compared with the percentage inhibitions of etanercept (p<0.05). No significant differences in percentage inhibitions of protein denaturation were observed among concentrations of 12.5 %,25.0 %,50.0 %,100.0 % of the Phytexponent and etanercept (25 mg/ml) (p˃0.05). Furthermore, the Phytexponent demonstrated high antioxidant activities against the DPPH- (IC50=0.00733%) and the hydroxyl- (IC50 = 0.716 %) radicals in vitro.The Phytexponent recorded significantly higher catalase activities at concentrations of 1 % and 0.1 % than those recorded by ascorbic acid at similar concentrations. Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, among other antioxidant associated phytochemicals. The bioactivities of the Phytexponent reported herein, were attributed to the presence of these phytochemicals. Further studies to establish specific mode(s) through which the Phytexponent exerts in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects are encouraged. Moreover, in vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities should be done to determine the replicability of these findings in vivo. Bioassay-guided isolation of compounds responsible for the reported bioactivities herein should be done.

Appraisal of Anti-Arthritic and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Folkloric Medicinal Plant Peganum Harmala

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Furqan Akhtar ◽  
Syed Ahmad Raza ◽  
Ammara Saleem ◽  
Irfan Hamid ◽  
Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Background: Peganum harmala is traditionally used to manage rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory conditions. However, its use against RA has not been scientifically evaluated. The current study was designed to assess the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanolic extract of P. harmala leaves by in vitro and in vivo methods. Methods: The in vitro assays were carried out to determine the effect of plant extract on inhibition of egg albumin denaturation and human red blood cell membrane (HRBC) stabilization. Moreover, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity was performed to determine the antioxidant potential. In vivo anti-arthritic activity was performed by determining the curative effect against Complete Freund’s adjuvant (0.1 ml). The plant extract was administered to rats orally at 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Results: The values of IC50 of plant extract in protein denaturation, stabilization of HRBC and DPPH assays were 77.54 mg/ml, 23.90 mg/ml and 58.09 µg/ml respectively. Moreover, the plant extract significantly attenuated the poly-arthritis and weight loss, anemia and paw edema. The plant extract restored the level of C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase in poly-arthritic rats. Moreover, the plant extract restored the immune organs weight in treated rats. Treatment with P. harmala also significantly subdued the oxidative stress by reinstating superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase and malondialdehyde in poly-arthritic rats. The plant extract notably restored the prostaglandin-E2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the serum of poly-arthritic rats. Conclusion: It was concluded that P. harmala extract had potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activities which primarily might be attributed to alkaloids, flavonoids and phenols.

Formulation, Optimization, in Vitro and in Vivo Investigation of Ketoprofen - Fumaric Acid Co-crystal for the Solubility Enhancement of Ketoprofen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Bhatia ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Vikas Verma ◽  
Snehlata Yadav ◽  
SUNITA DEVI
Keyword(s):  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Abstract The present piece of research work is framed as improving the solubility of ketoprofen by forming co-crystal using fumaric acid as a coformer. Co-crystal of ketoprofen and fumaric acid were prepared by simple solvent assisted grinding. The independent variables i.e. drug and coformer were mixed in 1:1 molar ratio and dependent variables were assumed to be solubility and % drug release. Differential scanning calorimetry, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to characterize the preparation of optimized batch of co-crystal and further, evaluated for in-vitro and in-vivo anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Based on results of solubility and dissolution rate studies the drug showed 4-5 fold improvement in both the properties on co-crystallisation. The values of Gibbs free energy are negative at all levels of carrier demonstrating spontaneity of drug solubilization process. The IC50 value of optimized batch of co-crystal formulation and pure drug was observed as 327.33 µg/ml and 556.11 µg/ml, respectively, demonstrating that co-crystal formulation possesses more percentage protection against protein denaturation than the drug ketoprofen. In-vivo (anti-inflammatory and analgesic) activities revealed that optimized batch of co-crystal formulation delivered a rapid pharmacological response in wistar rats and albino mice when compared with standard drug.

scholarly journals Suppression of inflammatory mediators by aqueous leaf extract of Crotalaria verrucosa: in vivo and in vitro analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1897
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mustakim Billah ◽  
Abir Huzaifa ◽  
M. Abdul Kader Khan ◽  
Nusrat Jahan Vabna ◽  
Kashfia Nawrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Aqueous Leaf Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Vitro Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Analysis

Background: Crotalaria verrucosa is a traditional plant frequently prescribed by the tribes for its medicinal value against inflammation. The present study was designed to investigate the scientific basis for medicinal value in inflammation by in vivo and in vitro analysis.Methods: Anti-inflammatory activity of the plant’s leaf was evaluated by two in vivo methods - carrageenan induced rat paw edema and xylene induced mice ear edema. Moreover, in vitro analysis was performed through heat induced hemolysis and heat induced protein denaturation methods.Results: The inflammation produced by carrageenan and xylene were effectively suppressed by the aqueous leaf extract of C. verrucosa (CVAQ) at 600 mg/kg body weight which was comparable to the standards. In heat induced hemolysis test the extract was able to inhibit the lysis up to 70% at 500 µg/ml whereas in heat induced protein denaturation test it reduces the percentage till 69% at the same concentration.Conclusions: The findings suggested that CVAQ possess moderate to high anti-inflammatory activity when applied in low to high concentrated doses. However, the study can only conclude from this basic evaluation that the extract needs to be further investigated for identifying the potential compound which contributed to such medicinal value of the plant.

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