scholarly journals Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Prevalent during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Khaled Abdulrahman Aldhwaihi ◽  
Saud M. Alsanad ◽  
Abdulrahman Hadi Almutiri ◽  
Saad Aldoihi
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Social Consciousness ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Federal Regulations ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Cephalosporin Antibiotics ◽  
Global Reaction ◽  
Medical Infrastructure ◽  
Microbiology Research

Owing to disparities in the intensity of the breakouts, state and federal regulations, accessible means, cultural elements, and social consciousness, the global reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic has been varied. The COVID-19 pandemic, on the other hand, has had an impact on all parts of society, notably efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The pandemic has highlighted that a greater burden on medical infrastructure can contribute to higher, often unnecessary antibiotic usage and a de-prioritization of antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance (AMS). The focus of this research is to see if there is a growth in antibiotic resistance during the covid-19 pandemic in the King Salman Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to investigate the subcomponent that leads to antibiotic resistance. This is a comprehensive review of patients hospitalized at the King Salman Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during the first wave of the covid-19 pandemic, which occurred between March and August 2020. An analysis of the case dataset was performed to determine the rise in antibiotic resistance and relate it to resistant cases before the pandemic (September 2019 to February 2020). Before and throughout the pandemic, fifteen kinds of bacteria were found, with K. pneumonia being the most prevalent bacteria (49; 30.6%), and Ac. Baum/haem being the most removable bacteria during the pandemic (74; 37.3%). Cephalosporin antibiotics, in notably cefotaxime and ceftazidime (100%), cefazolin (96.3%), ceftriaxone (96%), cefuroxime and ceftazidime (95%), cefotaxime ((94.7%). These antibiotics also had the same amount of resistance during the pandemic. In pre-covid-19 and during covid-19, these findings were congruent with the penicillin antibiotics class, ampicillin, and piperacillin (96.3% and 92.1%), accordingly. It is presently uncertain if COVID-19 patients would develop new or growing antibiotic resistance in locations with low historical prevalence, but this should be investigated in retrospective and future clinical and microbiology research.

The Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance of Bacterial Isolates from Intensive Care Unit Patient Samples in a University Affiliated Hospital in Romania

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1778-1783
Author(s):  
Andreea-Loredana Golli ◽  
Floarea Mimi Nitu ◽  
Maria Balasoiu ◽  
Marina Alina Lungu ◽  
Cristiana Cerasella Dragomirescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acinetobacter Spp ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

To determine the resistance pattern of bacterial pathogens involved in infections of the patients aged between 18-64 years, admitted in a ICU from a 1518-bed university-affiliated hospital. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 351 patients aged between 18-64 years admitted to the ICU, from January to December 2017. In this study there were analysed 469 samples from 351 patients (18-64 years). A total of 566 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 120 strains of Klebsiella spp. (35.39%%), followed by Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli, other than Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter (NFB) (75- 22.12%), Acinetobacter spp. (53 - 15.63%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus (51 - 15.04%), and Escherichia coli (49 - 14.45%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (394 isolates � 69.61%). High rates of MDR were found for Pseudomonas aeruginosa (64.70%), MRSA (62.65%) and Klebsiella spp. (53.33%), while almost all of the isolated NFB strains were MDR (97.33%). There was statistic difference between the drug resistance rate of Klebsiella and E. coli strains to ceftazidime and ceftriaxone (p[0.001), cefuroxime (p[0.01) and to cefepime (p[0.01). The study revealed an alarming pattern of antibiotic resistance in the majority of ICU isolates.

Distribution of Pathogens Involved in Infections in Oncological Patients and their Antibiotic Resistance Profile

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 4287-4294
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Romania and worldwide. Cancer patients are at increasing risk of acquiring bacterial infection with multi-resistant germs, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains of Gram-negative bacteria involved in nosocomial infection. Romania is one of the South-Eastern European countries with one of the highest prevalence rates of MDR pathogens. To determine the resistance pattern of bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance pattern in cancer patients admitted at the County Emergency Clinical Hospital Craiova, Romania. A retrospective study of bacterial pathogens was carried out on 90 adult cancer patients admitted from January to December 2018. The analysis of the resistance patterns for the action of the appropriate antibiotics was performed using Vitek 2 Compact system and diffusion method. In this study there were analysed 92 samples from 90 oncological patients (37-86 years). A total of 157 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 37 strains of Staphylococcus aureus (23.56%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (23- 14.64%), Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli (22 - 14,01%). The most common isolates were from respiratory tract (86 isolates - 54.77%). High rates of MDR were found for E. coli (63.63%), MRSA (61,11%) and Klebsiella spp. (54,54%), while one third of the isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp. and Proteus spp. were MDR. The findings of this study may be the basis for further more extensive studies highlighting the germs involved in the infectious pathology of cancer patients, in order to determine the antimicrobial resistance and to improve the methods of prophylaxis and treatment. Keywords: multidrug resistance (MDR), cancer patients, bacterial pathogen

Molecular Characterization and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Isolated Acinetobacter baumannii in Iran

Gene Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101195
Author(s):  
Hossein Masoumi-Asl ◽  
Fatemah Sadeghpour Heravi ◽  
Ali Badamchi ◽  
Khadijeh Khanaliha ◽  
Marziye Farsimadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern

Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Clostridium difficile strains isolated from hospitals in south-east Scotland

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 921-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esvet Mutlu ◽  
Allison J. Wroe ◽  
Karla Sanchez-Hurtado ◽  
Jon S. Brazier ◽  
Ian R. Poxton
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Binary Toxin ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
The Common ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Clostridium difficile isolates (n=149) collected in south-east Scotland between August and October 2005 were typed by four different methods and their susceptibility to seven different antibiotics was determined. The aims were to define the types of strain occurring in this region and to determine whether there were any clonal relationships among them with respect to genotype and antibiotic resistance pattern. Ribotyping revealed that 001 was the most common type (n=113, 75.8 %), followed by ribotype 106 (12 isolates, 8.1 %). The majority of the isolates (96.6 %, n=144) were of toxinotype 0, with two toxinotype V isolates and single isolates of toxinotypes I, IV and XIII. PCR and restriction analysis of the fliC gene from 147 isolates gave two restriction patterns: 145 of pattern VII and two of pattern I. Binary toxin genes were detected in only three isolates: two isolates of ribotype 126, toxinotype V, and one isolate of ribotype 023, toxinotype IV. S-types showed more variation, with 64.5 % (n=40) of the common S-type (4939) and 21 % (n=13) of S-type 4741, with six other S-types (one to three isolates each). All ribotype 001 isolates were of the same S-type (4939), with three isolates of other ribotypes being this S-type. No resistance was found to metronidazole or vancomycin, with resistance to tetracycline only found in 4.3 % of the isolates. A high proportion of isolates were resistant to clindamycin (62.9 %), moxifloxacin, ceftriaxone (both 87.1 %) and erythromycin (94.8 %). Resistance to three antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin and ceftriaxone) was seen in 66 isolates, with erythromycin, ceftriaxone and moxifloxacin resistance seen in 96 isolates. Resistance to all four of these antibiotics was found in 62 isolates and resistance to five (the above plus tetracycline) in one isolate: a ribotype 001, toxinotype 0 strain. Whilst ribotype 001 was the most commonly encountered type, there was no evidence of clonal relationships when all other typing and antibiotic resistance patterns were taken into account.

Changing patterns and widening of antibiotic resistance inShigellaspp. over a decade (2000–2011), Andaman Islands, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
pp. 470-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. BHATTACHARYA ◽  
H. BHATTACHARYA ◽  
D. S. SAYI ◽  
A. P. BHARADWAJ ◽  
M. SINGHANIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Drug Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins

SUMMARYThis study is a part of the surveillance study on childhood diarrhoea in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands; here we report the drug resistance pattern of recent isolates ofShigellaspp. (2006–2011) obtained as part of that study and compare it with that ofShigellaisolates obtained earlier during 2000–2005. During 2006–2011, stool samples from paediatric diarrhoea patients were collected and processed for isolation and identification ofShigellaspp. Susceptibility to 22 antimicrobial drugs was tested and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for third-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combinations and gentamicin. A wide spectrum of antibiotic resistance was observed in theShigellastrains obtained during 2006–2011. The proportions of resistant strains showed an increase from 2000–2005 to 2006–2011 in 20/22 antibiotics tested. The number of drug resistance patterns increased from 13 in 2000–2005 to 43 in 2006–2011. Resistance to newer generation fluoroquinolones, third-generation cephalosporins and augmentin, which was not observed during 2000–2005, appeared during 2006–2011. The frequency of resistance inShigellaisolates has increased substantially between 2000–2006 and 2006–2011, with a wide spectrum of resistance. At present, the option for antimicrobial therapy in shigellosis in Andaman is limited to a small number of drugs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document