scholarly journals Evaluation of Plasma Levels of Interleukin 6 and Iron Status of Football Players in a Nigerian University

2021 ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu ◽  
Gideon Ojochegbe Amedu ◽  
Ijeoma L. Okoroiwu ◽  
Chukwuma J. Okafor ◽  
Ohikhuare Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Parametric Data ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Nigerian University ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Rivers State

To determine the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and iron status of football players in Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria. A total number of 100  subjects were recruited for the study, comprising of 50 of football players before playing football (25 males and 25 females) and 50 of football players after playing football (25 males, 25 females) from Madonna University Nigeria, Elele Campus, Rivers State, Nigeria. The data obtained from the study were presented as Mean  SD in tables and analysed using student t-test for parametric data using SPSS version 20. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. The results showed significant increase (p=0.004) in interleukin 6 (IL-6) of football players after playing compared to it before playing and no significant change (p=0.505) in the iron level of football players after playing compared to before playing respectively. The results also showed no significant change in interleukin 6 compared among football players based on gender and age groups and no significant change in the iron level of all the subjects. The study showed increase an in interleukin 6 (IL-6) of the football players after playing compared to the level before playing which shows that the physical activity increases the level of interleukin 6 and but has no effect on the iron level after football game.

scholarly journals Iron Status in Malnourished Children : A Cross Sectional Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
Shormin Ara Ferdousi ◽  
Rajat Sanker Roy Biswas ◽  
Nayan Kanti Paul ◽  
Mohammed Rezaul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Different Types

Objectives: Malnutrition is a common condition among children and iron status varies in different types of malnutrition. So the present study is aimed to find the different iron status among severe malnourished children in our context. Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was done in the Paediatrics ward Chittagong Medical College Hospital in a period of 6 months from January to July 2013 among the 50 cases of malnourished children of age range between 1 to 5 years and Weight for Height Z score(WHZ) was <-2  SD. Sampling technique was continuous purposive sampling. Venous blood was collected to assay the different iron profile mainly serum iron level, total iron binding capacity(TIBC) and transferrin saturation(TSAT). Data was analyzed after correction by SPSS-19. Results: Among the 50 study children of different age groups 15 patients were 1 to 2 years, 18 patients were 2 to 3 years, 10 patients were 3 to 4 years and 7 patients were at 4-5 years of age groups. Among the patients, 29 (58%) of patients were female and 21(42%) of the patients were male. Most of the children were from the families of low socioeconomic status 38(76%). 2(4%) children were from upper middle class who had step mother. Among the selected patients the dominating clinical features were anemia was found among 45(90%) of patients which was mild(66.6%), moderate(26.6%) and severe(6.6%). Skin changes(32%), eye  changes (10%) and hair changes(48%) were also found. Among the 50 study subjects prelacteal feeding was given among 43(86%) children, breast feeding was given 45(90%), exclusive breast feeding was given to 24(48%) of children and complementary feeding after 6 months was given to 29(58%) patients. Among the 50 patients -2 to -3 SD weight for height was found in 20(40%) patients and <-3 SD was found in 30(60%) patients. Most of the children was found to have Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) 115-125 mm(50%). Iron status was measured among all patients where serum iron level was found 77.72 ± 11.22 mcgm/dl, TIBC was found 340.07 ± 22.67 mcgm/dl and transferrin saturation was found 22.38 ± 2.9 %. Iron status were measured among the different types of malnutrition where serum iron level and transferrin saturation was high among all patients with malnutrition while TIBC was lower than standard level in all patients. Different biochemical status were measured among the different types of malnutrition where serum total protein, serum albumin, Hb% were lower than standard level in all patients.Conclusion: Change in different iron status is a common findings in malnourished children. Screening of all children for anemia and providing iron and folic acid (IFA) or multiple micronutrients (MMN) supplements to children and Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) should be addressed at all level to overcome the situation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i3.21024

Perceived Influence of Students’ Demographic Variables on Their Access to Financial Aids in Public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-50
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Olorunleke Eseyin
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Sample Size Determination ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Rivers State

The paper investigated the perceived influence of students’ demographic variables on their access to financial aids in public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. Six questions were formulated to guide the study and five hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The design adopted for the study was an analytical survey. The population of the study included 78, 216 students (34,997 male and 43,219 female) in the three public Universities in Rivers State. The sample of the study covered 791 students (Male= 395 and Female= 396) selected through the random sampling technique while Taro Yamane method of sample size determination was used for determining the sample size. The instruments used for collecting responses from students were questionnaire and a ten items interview schedule. The research questions were answered using frequency, percentage and cumulative percentage. Findings of the study revealed that students’ demographic variables have an influence on their access to financial aids in public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria. The implication of this is that the government’s expenditure on education will continue to increase in the absence of these alternative financial aids in the public Universities in Rivers State, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Examining Play Counts and Measurements of Injury Incidence in Youth Football

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 955-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Y. Kerr ◽  
Susan W. Yeargin ◽  
Aristarque Djoko ◽  
Sara L. Dalton ◽  
Melissa M. Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Head Impacts ◽  
Youth Football ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Age Range

Context: Whereas researchers have provided estimates for the number of head impacts sustained within a youth football season, less is known about the number of plays across which such impact exposure occurs.Objective: To estimate the number of plays in which youth football players participated during the 2013 season and to estimate injury incidence through play-based injury rates.Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.Setting: Youth football.Patients or Other Participants: Youth football players (N = 2098; age range, 5−15 years) from 105 teams in 12 recreational leagues across 6 states.Main Outcome Measure(s): We calculated the average number of athlete-plays per season and per game using independent-samples t tests to compare age groups (5–10 years old versus 11–15 years old) and squad sizes (&lt;20 versus ≥20 players); game injury rates per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) and per 10 000 athlete-plays; and injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to compare age groups.Results: On average, youth football players participated in 333.9 ± 178.5 plays per season and 43.9 ± 24.0 plays per game. Age groups (5- to 10-year-olds versus 11- to 15-year-olds) did not differ in the average number of plays per season (335.8 versus 332.3, respectively; t2086.4 = 0.45, P = .65) or per game (44.1 versus 43.7, respectively; t2092.3 = 0.38, P = .71). However, players from smaller teams participated in more plays per season (373.7 versus 308.0; t1611.4 = 8.15, P &lt; .001) and per game (47.7 versus 41.4; t1523.5 = 5.67, P &lt; .001). Older players had a greater game injury rate than younger players when injury rates were calculated per 1000 AEs (23.03 versus 17.86/1000 AEs; IRR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.60) or per 10 000 athlete-plays (5.30 versus 4.18/10 000 athlete-plays; IRR = 1.27; 95% CI = 1.02, 1.57).Conclusions: A larger squad size was associated with a lower average number of plays per season and per game. Increasing youth football squad sizes may help reduce head-impact exposure for individual players. The AE-based injury rates yielded effect estimates similar to those of play-based injury rates.

Morphologic variations of periwinkle and profiles of periwinkle marketers and harvesters in two states in the Niger delta area of Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
M Okpeku ◽  
MB Nodu ◽  
A Essien ◽  
CT Fekorigha
Keyword(s):  
Shell Length ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Intertidal Zones ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Market Women ◽  
Rivers State

Periwinkles are invertebrates rich in protein and omega-3 fatty acids. These make them relished delicacies. Three hundred and fifteen (315) individual periwinkles were hand-picked from mangrove swamp river banks and intertidal zones of Twon-Brass in Bayelsa State and Abonnema town of Rivers State. Shell length and the weight of both the meat and shell were taken with Veneer caliper and a sensitive electronic scale balance respectively. Information on the economics of production was gathered from market women and harvesters through the use of structured questionnaires. The present study indentified possible phenotypic differences among periwinkle harvested in Bayelsa and Rivers States base on shell length and meat weight differences. Periwinkle harvested in Rivers is bigger and heavier than those harvested in Bayelsa State. Prediction of meat and total weight of from shell length was done using regression analysis. The study also identified the involvement of the different age groups that form the work-force in the States; showing that there are more young adults and teenagers in the business of harvesting and sales than aged people. There are more men involved in the business than women. There is a decline in size, quantity and availability of periwinkle presently than in the past, a factor that could be attributed to over-harvesting.Key Words: Bayelsa, Morphology, Niger Delta, Periwinkle, Rivers.

Gastrointestinal iron and cobalt absorption and iron status in young rats and guinea pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 949-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gpl Naylor ◽  
JD Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gastrointestinal Absorption ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Young Rats ◽  
Body Retention ◽  
Different Ages

The gastrointestinal absorption of Fe and Co by rats and guinea pigs of different ages was measured by comparing the whole-body retention of 59Fe and 57Co after oral and intraperitoneal administrations. The age-groups studied included newborn, weanlings and adults. The absorption of both Fe and Co decreased markedly with age in both rats and guinea pigs. In the rat, absorption remained ele vated during the suckling period, while in the guinea pig absorption decreased markedly during suckling. In both species, Fe and Co absorption were similar, and remained elevated above adult values for some time after weaning. The generally greater absorption of Fe and Co by rats than by guinea pigs and the longer duration of maximal absorp tion in the rats may have involved differences in Fe status in the two species and differences in the timing of gut mat uration.

scholarly journals The Effects Of Match Conditions On The Shaped Elements Of Blood And Iron Level Of Football Players

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neşe AKPINAR KOCAKULAK ◽  
Yahya POLAT ◽  
Musa KARAKÜKCÜ ◽  
Serdar SUCAN ◽  
Çağrı ÇELENK
Keyword(s):  
Football Players ◽  
Iron Level

scholarly journals The Effect of Exercise on the Total Leukocyte, Absolute Neutrophil, Lymphocyte and Platelet Counts among Sudanese Football Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6-S) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Nihad Elsadig Babiker ◽  
Raheeg Mubark Anwer
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Variation

Background: Aerobic exercise induces physiological stress on the body and brings changes in hematological parameters. This study aimed to determine the effect of playing football as an exercise on the total white blood cell count, absolute Neutrophil, lymphocyte and Platelet counts among Sudanese football players. Material and method:  This was a descriptive case control study, done on a number of football players in Khartoum state, Sudan and conducted within the period from August 2021 to October 2021. Three ml of venous blood samples had been collected from every participant in the study, parameters had been measured and calculated using blood cells counter (Sysmex KX-21N).                                                           Results: When compared the TWBCs, Absolute Neutrophil, Lymphocytes and platelet counts between cases and control there was a significant differences with (P ≤0.05). Also there was a significant difference in the case group before and after one hour of exercise with (P =0.00), and in significant differences between different age groups with (P ≥0.05). Conclusion: Playing football for 1 hour cause a significant increase in the TWBCs, absolute Neutrophils, absolute Lymphocytes and Platelets counts. Age variation has no effect on the measured parameters Keywords: Football, TWBCs, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes and Platelets.

scholarly journals Effect of 8 Weeks of Continuous Moderate Intensity Aerobic Training on Iron Status in Club-Level Football Players

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
H. Alikarami ◽  
M. Nikbakht ◽  
V. Valipour dehnou ◽  
A. GHalavand ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Football Players

scholarly journals STUDY OF SERUM FERRITIN IN SMOKERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 374
Author(s):  
Meera Shivasekar ◽  
Vinodhini Vm ◽  
Rupesh Kumar Y
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers

 Objective: Cigarette smoking is a major global public health problem and increases in the prevalence of tobacco smoking is the cause premature death worldwide. Serum ferritin an intracellular protein that can store and release iron is considered to be one of the important clinical biomarkers to evaluate iron status. This study explores the effect of cigarette smoking on serum ferritin level.Methods: The study was carried out in 100 cigarette smokers and 100 nonsmokers.Results: Subjects with smoking habits showed a significant increase in the serum ferritin levels compared to nonsmokers. Serum iron level, as well as total iron-binding capacity, showed significant increase compared with nonsmokers. Serum ferritin is found to correlate with serum iron.Conclusion: This study supports the fact that cigarette smoking has adverse effect on serum ferritin and other hematologic parameters, and serum ferritin is one of the most reliable indicators of iron status.

scholarly journals Serum Iron Level as a Potential Predictor of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Mortality: A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Zhao ◽  
Jucun Huang ◽  
Dan Dai ◽  
Yuwei Feng ◽  
Liming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Serum Iron Level ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract Background Various types of pulmonary diseases are associated with iron deficiency. However, information on iron status in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is scarce. Methods This study included 50 hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19. The role of serum iron in predicting severity and mortality of COVID-19 was evaluated. Results The most common symptoms of COVID-19 patients in this study were cough (82%), fever (64%), and chest distress (42%). Of the 50 patients, 45 (90%) patients had abnormally low serum iron levels (&lt;7.8 μmol/L). The severity of COVID-19 was negatively correlated with serum iron levels before and after treatment and was positively correlated with C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, urea nitrogen, and myoglobin levels. Decreased serum iron level could predict the transition of COVID-19 from mild to severe and critical illness. Seven (53.8%) patients with a lower serum iron level after treatment in the critical group had died. There was a significant difference in posttreatment serum iron levels between COVID-19 survivors and nonsurvivors. Conclusions Serum iron deficiency was detected in the patients with COVID-19. The severity and mortality of the disease was closely correlated with serum iron levels. Low serum iron concentration was an independent risk factor for death in COVID-19 patients.

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