scholarly journals The Prognostic Factors and Outcome of Adult Medulloblastoma: Where We Stand

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 352-360
Author(s):  
Kamuran Ibis ◽  
Ahmet Karadeniz ◽  
Rasim Meral ◽  
Murat Guveli ◽  
Mert Basaran ◽  
...  

We designed our study to analyze the prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of adult medulloblastoma patients who received postoperative craniospinal irradiation. Fourty-three patients who were treated due to medulloblastoma at Istanbul University, Institute of Oncology between 1990 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. All of the patients were older than 18 years, with a median age of 27 years (range, 18–51 years). In 40 (93%) patients, total resection of the tumor was achieved, and 3 (7%) patients had undergone a subtotal tumoral resection. Risk assessment revealed 7 high-risk and 36 standard-risk patients. All patients received postoperative craniospinal irradiation, delivering a median craniospinal dose of 36 Gy, with an additional boost to the posterior fossa up to 54 Gy. Fifteen patients received chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 62 months (range, 3–213 months). The 5-year, 10-year, overall, and disease-free survival rates were 63%, 51%, 66%, and 55%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that hydrocephalus, initial local recurrence, subtotal resection in primary surgery, initial Karnofsky performance status ≤70, duration of symptoms shorter than 30 days, and primary site dose < 54 Gy were found to be negative prognostic factors. Toxicity was moderate. The main therapy in adult medulloblatoms is craniospinal irradiation following surgery. The prognostic factors and outcomes of the patients in our study are concordant with previous reports in the literature.

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7644-7644
Author(s):  
V. Paralkar ◽  
T. Li ◽  
C. J. Langer

7644 Background: With increasing use of MRI and PET to stage NSCLC, the demographics, performance status and distribution of metastases at diagnosis in this patient (pt) population are changing; it is important to reassess the prognostic roles played by baseline clinical variables in the modern therapeutic era. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the charts of 189 consecutive, unselected pts with stage IV NSCLC seen and followed at the Fox Chase Cancer Center between Oct 2000 and Aug 2003. Data on a variety of pt variables including demographics, histology, metastases, key laboratory tests and treatment were compiled. We intended to identify those that played statistically significant prognostic roles. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 62 years; 77% of pts had PS 0–1 at first presentation. 58% had single organ metastasis; 35% had metastases to the brain (half of these had brain only and a third had solitary brain metastasis). 51% of all pts received palliative radiation to the brain at some point after dx. Overall median survival was 10.8 months. The 1-yr, 2-yr, 3-yr and 4-yr overall survival rates were 44.2%, 21.9%, 11.6% and 7.8% respectively. On multivariate analysis, statistically significant negative prognostic factors included PS ≥ 2 (HR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1–3.3), serum albumin ≤ 3 (HR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.8) and metastases to > 1 organ (HR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.03–2.3). Bone and liver metastases, though associated with worse survival in univariate analysis, were not found to be independent predictors of survival. Gender had no bearing on outcome. Conclusions: Survival rates in this advanced NSCLC cohort equal or exceed contemporaneous ECOG figures. PS, serum albumin and number of organs with metastases are independent prognostic factors in NSCLC. The increasing detection of brain metastases at 1st presentation of metastatic NSCLC suggests that the role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in the management of early NSCLC should be explored. No significant financial relationships to disclose. [Table: see text]


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena C. W. Wahner ◽  
Malte Träger ◽  
Katja Bender ◽  
Leonille Schweizer ◽  
Julia Onken ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Current guidelines for the treatment of anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) recommend maximal safe resection followed by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Despite this multimodal treatment approach, patients have a limited life expectancy. In the present study, we identified variables associated with overall survival (OS) and constructed a model score to predict the OS of patients with AA at the time of their primary diagnosis. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 108 patients with newly diagnosed AA. The patient and tumor characteristics were analyzed for their impact on OS. Variables significantly associated with OS on multivariable analysis were included in our score. The final algorithm was based on the 36-month survival rates corresponding to each characteristic. Results On univariate analysis, age, Karnofsky performance status, isocitrate dehydrogenase status, and extent of resection were significantly associated with OS. On multivariable analysis all four variables remained significant and were consequently incorporated in the score. The total score ranges from 20 to 33 points. We designated three prognostic groups: A (20–25), B (26–29), and C (30–33 points) with 36-month OS rates of 23%, 71%, and 100%, respectively. The OS rate at 5 years was 8% in group A, 61% in group B and 88% in group C. Conclusions Our model score predicts the OS of patients newly diagnosed with AA and distinguishes patients with a poor survival prognosis from those with a greater life expectancy. Independent and prospective validation is needed. The upcoming changes of the WHO classification of brain tumors as well as the practice changing results from the CATNON trial will most likely require adaption of the score.


Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 2375-2375
Author(s):  
Christophe Marzac ◽  
Irene Teyssandier ◽  
Jean Yves Perrot ◽  
Anne Marie Faussat ◽  
Ruoping Tang ◽  
...  

Abstract Adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with intermediate cytogenetic remains a very heterogeneous group of patients with highly variable individual prognosis. Emerging data suggest that some molecular markers could help to refine cytogenetic stratification. Here we focused on ABCB1 (MDR1/Pgp) ATP-binding cassette transporter activity and fms-like tyrosine kinase mutations (Flt3/ITD) because their individual prognosis value is well demonstrated and because they may lead to targeted therapy. Therefore we assessed Pgp activity using JC-1 probe and Flt3 exon 14 mutational status by standard PCR and realised a multivariate analysis in 171 adult AML patients treated in the EORTC protocols. Flt3/ITD (ITD+) and high Pgp activity (Pgp+) were found in 26/171 (15%) and 55/171 (32%) of the patients, respectively. The repartition was remarkable in that, as defined with our criteria, both were negative in 94/171 (55%, Pgp-ITD- group) or mutually exclusive in 73/171 (43%, Pgp-ITD+ and Pgp+ITD- groups) and only 4/171 (2%, Pgp+ITD+ group) were positive for both. In univariate analysis complete remission (CR) rates for ITD+ were 38% vs 61% for ITD- patients (p=0.034) and 47% vs 62% (p=0.06) for Pgp+ vs Pgp- patients. Individually, both parameters were strong predicators for overall survival (OS) (p=0,02) but not for disease free survival. In multivariate analysis Pgp+ITD+ (p<0.0001) and age (p=0.0022) were independent prognostic factors for CR achievement. For OS, CR achievement (p<0.0001), WHO performance status (p=0.0007) and Pgp+ITD+ (p=0.0014) were also independent prognostic factors. In 98 patients with intermediate cytogenetic CR rates for ITD+ were 40% vs 62% for ITD- patients (p=0.099) and 41% vs 67% (p=0.014) for Pgp+ vs Pgp- patients. In the Pgp-ITD- group (47/98 patients), CR rate was 70% vs 44% for others (p= 0.012). The 4 years OS achieved 48% vs 16% (p<0.0001) and DFS was 56% versus 27% (p=0.024). Furthermore, OS curves of the intermediate cytogenetic-Pgp-ITD- group were not significantly different from the favorable cytogenetic group. In conclusion Flt3-ITD and P-gp activity are independent and additive prognostic factors, which provide a powerful risk classification that can be used to stratify the treatment of intermediate cytogenetic AML patients. Figure Figure


Lymphoma ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mansour Ansari ◽  
Hamid Nasrolahi ◽  
Amir Abbas Kani ◽  
Seyed Hasan Hamedi ◽  
Samira Razzaghi ◽  
...  

Introduction. This study aimed to report the characteristics, prognostic factors, and treatment outcomes of 54 patients with primary gastric lymphoma. Materials and Methods. This retrospective study was carried out by reviewing the medical records of 54 adult patients diagnosed at a tertiary academic hospital. All the patients were treated with curative intent. Forty-four patients (81.5%) underwent gastrectomy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, whereas 10 ones (18.5%) were treated with chemotherapy alone or with radiotherapy. Results. The study was conducted on 25 males and 29 females with the median age of 50 years. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL) (67%) and Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) lymphoma (26%) were the most common histologic types. Besides, 36 (59%), 16 (30%), 5 (9%), and 1 (2%) patients were in stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival were 64.7% and 67%, respectively. In univariate analysis for overall survival, International Prognostic Index (IPI) (), the WHO performance status (), Ann Arbor stage (), age (), and LDH serum level () were the prognostic factors. Conclusion. Gastric lymphoma tends to present in early stage of the disease and has a favorable outcome.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3231
Author(s):  
Teresa Augustin ◽  
Dmytro Oliinyk ◽  
Viktoria Florentine Koehler ◽  
Josefine Rauch ◽  
Claus Belka ◽  
...  

Background: The present study aims to evaluate the outcomes and toxicity of elderly anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) patients receiving (chemo)radiotherapy, as well as to identify prognostic factors. Patients and methods: A systematic review using the MEDLINE/PubMed and Cochrane databases was performed. Individual data from all eligible studies were extracted, and a pooled analysis (n = 186) was conducted to examine patient characteristics and treatment. All consecutive ATC patients (≥65 years) treated between 2009 and 2019 at our institution were evaluated for outcomes concerning progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) probabilities and treatment-related toxicity. Results: The systematic review and pooled analysis identified age as a prognostic factor. The median OS of our patient cohort (n = 26) was three months (range = 0–125). The 6-, 12- and 24-month survival rates were 35%, 22% and 11%, respectively. In the univariate analysis, a Karnofsky performance status of >70%, the Union for International Cancer Control Tumor–Node–Metastasis classification, multimodal therapy and an EQD2 of >49 Gy were correlated with longer OS and PFS. The acute grade 3 toxicity of dysphagia, dyspnea, dermatitis, mucositis and dysphonia was found in 23%, 15%, 12%, 12% and 8% of patients. Conclusion: Age appears to be a prognostic factor in ATC. Elderly ATC patients can tolerate multimodal treatment and achieve a promising outcome. Prospective studies need to confirm our findings.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rujun Chen ◽  
Yajun Zhang ◽  
Mengmeng Li ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Qian Sun ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: With continued improvement in radiotherapy technology, hypofractionated radiotherapy has helped achieve good results in the local control and toxicity of pulmonary oligometastases. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of radiotherapy and the prognostic factors that affect survival in patients with pulmonary oligometastases who undergo helical tomotherapy (TOMO) hypofractionated radiotherapy.Methods: Ninety pulmonary oligometastases in 40 patients (26 males, 14 females; median age 57 years) were retrospectively investigated and treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy in the Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College during 2018-2020. Their Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was ≥70 points. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS), local control (LC), and progression-free survival (PFS), and we determine the related influencing factors.Results: The median gross tumor volume (GTV) and planning target volume (PTV) were 9.7 cm³ (range 1.1–287.0 cm³) and 56.9 cm³ (range 16.3–494.2 cm³), respectively, the median biological effective dose, α/β=10 (BED10), was 76.8 Gy (range 56-96 Gy), and four-dimensional computed tomography positioning was applied to 52.5% of the patients. All patients completed the treatment plan during a median follow-up of 16.1 months (range 4.9–33.3 months). The 1- and 2-year OS rates were 90.3% and 55.2%, respectively. The 1- and 2-year LC rates were 80.8% and 64.7%, respectively. The 1- and 2-year PFS rates were 47.3% and 28.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that colorectal primary (p=0.004), age >57 years (p=0.037), and number of organ metastases ≥2 (p=0.046) were associated with OS, whereas disease-free interval (DFI) ≤17.4 months (p=0.032), number of lung metastases≥2 (p=0.049), and PTV >56.9 cm³ (p=0.041) were associated with LC; and number of metastatic organs ≥2 (p=0.015) was independently associated with PFS. In multivariate analysis, colorectal cancer (p=0.010) and age >57 years (p=0.009) were significantly associated with OS. No > grade 3 toxic reaction.Conclusions: The median OS, LC, and PFS rates of TOMO hypofractionated radiotherapy for pulmonary oligometastases were 24.9, 25.9, and 11.8 months, respectively, showing that good survival rates and low toxicity could still be achieved using the medium dose.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Ishikawa ◽  
Narushi Sugii ◽  
Masahide Matsuda ◽  
Hidehiro Kohzuki ◽  
Takao Tsurubuchi ◽  
...  

Abstract Purpose. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a refractory disease with a poor prognosis and various methods, including maximum resection and immunotherapy, have been tested to improve outcomes. This retrospective study analyzed the prognostic factors of initially diagnosed glioblastoma patients at our institution to analyze the effect of these methods on prognosis. Methods. Two hundred seventy-seven patients with initially diagnosed glioblastoma who were treated in our institution from 2009 to 2020. Various data, including extent of removal (EOR) and type of adjuvant therapy, were examined and prognostic relationships were analyzed. Results. The median OS of the entire 277-case cohort, 200 non-biopsy cases, and 77 biopsy cases were 16.6 months, 19.7 months, and 9.7 months, respectively. Gross total removal (GTR; 100% of EOR) was achieved in 32.9% of the cases. Univariate analysis revealed younger age, right side, higher Karnofsky performance status, GTR, intraoperative MRI use for removal, proton therapy, combination immunotherapy, and discharge to home as good prognostic factors. Intraoperative MRI use and EOR were closely related. In the multivariate analysis, GTR, proton therapy, and combination of immunotherapies including autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine were the significant prognostic factors. A multivariate analysis of 91 GTR cases showed that immunotherapy contributed to prognostic improvements. The median OS and 5-year OS% values were 36.9 months and 43.3% in GTR cases receiving immunotherapy. Conclusion. GTR, proton therapy, and immunotherapy were good prognostic factors in single-center GBM cases. Tumor vaccine therapy for GTR cases achieved a notably high median survival time and long-term survival ratio, indicating its usefulness in GTR cases.


BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi Ishikawa ◽  
Narushi Sugii ◽  
Masahide Matsuda ◽  
Hidehiro Kohzuki ◽  
Takao Tsurubuchi ◽  
...  

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is a refractory disease with a poor prognosis and various methods, including maximum resection and immunotherapy, have been tested to improve outcomes. In this retrospective study we analyzed the prognostic factors of 277 newly diagnosed GBM patients over 11 years of consecutive cases at our institution to evaluate the effect of these methods on prognosis. Various data, including the extent of removal (EOR) and type of adjuvant therapy, were examined and prognostic relationships were analyzed. The median overall survival (OS) of the entire 277-case cohort, 200 non-biopsy cases, and 77 biopsy cases was 16.6 months, 19.7 months, and 9.7 months, respectively. Gross total removal (GTR; 100% of EOR) was achieved in 32.9% of the cases. Univariate analysis revealed younger age, right side, higher Karnofsky performance status, GTR, intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) use for removal, proton therapy, combination immunotherapy, and discharge to home as good prognostic factors. Intraoperative MRI use and EOR were closely related. In the multivariate analysis, GTR, proton therapy, and a combination of immunotherapies, including autologous formalin-fixed tumor vaccine, were the significant prognostic factors. A multivariate analysis of 91 GTR cases showed that immunotherapy contributed to prognostic improvements. The median OS and 5-year OS % values were 36.9 months and 43.3% in GTR cases receiving immunotherapy. In conclusion, GTR, proton therapy, and immunotherapy were good prognostic factors in single-center GBM cases. Tumor vaccine therapy for GTR cases achieved a notably high median survival time and long-term survival ratio, indicating its usefulness in GTR cases.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manraj S. Kang ◽  
Kamal Sahni ◽  
Piyush Kumar ◽  
Rajneesh Madhok ◽  
Ratna Saxena ◽  
...  

<bold>Introduction:</bold> Cervical cancer is most common cancer in the rural and second most common in urban areas of our country. It accounts for 16% of all cancers. There are various clinical, Paper Submission Datepathological and radiological factors which dictate the prognosis of these cancer cervix patients. The present study evaluates clinical, pathological and radiological prognostic factors in cancer cervix treated with concurrent chemoradiation. <bold>Material and Methods:</bold> A total of 32 patients seen between 2012 and 2014 patients planned concurrent chemoradiation were evaluated in terms of clinical (age, stage, Hb% and HPV Paper Publication Date infection), pathological (histopathology type and subtype, grade, mitotic index, lymph-July 2016 vascular invasion and necrosis) and radiological (parametrial extension, disease dimension, lymph node, hydronephrosis and vascularity of tumour) prognostic factors. After pre-DOI treatment evaluation patient was planned for 3 Dimentional-Conformal Radiotherapy (50Gy/25#/5 weeks) with concurrent chemotherapy (Cisplatin 35mg/m<sup>2</sup>) followed by 3 applications of Intracavitary radiotherapy (6Gy/fraction) with 6 months follow up. Response was accessed according to WHO response criteria and univariate analysis was done using chi-square test. <bold>Results:</bold> Clinical factors: Age – better disease free survival in older patients (p value=0.003), stage - Lower stage had better survival (for stage Ib-IIa vs stage IIb p value = 0.003 and for stage Ib vs. IIIb p value = 0.0005), Hb% - 57% patients with Hb <10g/dl had recurrence at end of 6 months (p value=0.00001), HPV – High recurrence with HPV presence. Pathological factors like high Mitotic Index had more residual disease (p=0.0009), grade - No statistical significance. Radiological factors- volume of disease - 35 % patients with volume of disease > 6 cm had disease at end of 6 months, hydronephrosis - 40 % patient with hydronephrosis had recurrence (p value = 0.0005) at end of 6 months follow up and vascularity of tumour showed statistically no difference. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> Hb <10%, HPV infection, Mitotic index (3-5/HPF), stage IIIB, pelvic nodes were concluded as the independent poor prognostic factors.


Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1451
Author(s):  
Michele Da Broi ◽  
Paola Borrelli ◽  
Torstein R. Meling

Background: Although gross total resection (GTR) is the goal in meningioma surgery, this can sometimes be difficult to achieve in skull base meningiomas. We analyzed clinical outcomes and predictors of survival for subtotally resected benign meningiomas. Methods: A total of 212 consecutive patients who underwent subtotal resection (STR) for benign skull base meningioma between 1990–2010 were investigated. Results: Median age was 57.7 [IQR 18.8] years, median preoperative Karnofsky performance status (KPS) was 80.0 [IQR 20.0], 75 patients (35.4%) had posterior fossa meningioma. After a median follow-up of 6.2 [IQR 7.9] years, retreatment (either radiotherapy or repeated surgery) rate was 16% at 1-year, 27% at 3-years, 34% at 5-years, and 38% at 10-years. Ten patients (4.7%) died perioperatively, 9 (3.5%) had postoperative hematomas, and 2 (0.8%) had postoperative infections. Neurological outcome at final visit was improved/stable in 122 patients (70%). Multivariable analysis identified advanced age and preoperative KPS < 70 as negative predictors for overall survival (OS). Patients who underwent retreatment had no significant reduction of OS. Conclusions: Advanced age and preoperative KPS were independent predictors of OS. Retreatments did not prolong nor shorten the OS. Clinical outcomes in STR skull base meningiomas were generally worse compared to cohorts with high rates of GTR.


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