scholarly journals COASTAL STORM SURGE INFLUENCE ON NUISANCE FLOODING IN BROWARD COUNTY, FLORIDA

2018 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Ashley Kauppila ◽  
Christopher Bender ◽  
Hunter Bredesen
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Broward County ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Fort Lauderdale ◽  
Drainage Canals ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Flooding Events

The Hollywood Lakes area in Hollywood, Florida, and Las Olas Boulevard area of Fort Lauderdale, Florida experience nuisance flooding, or “sunny day” flooding, during extreme high tides. This flooding causes damage to residential and commercial properties and to critical municipal infrastructure. The influences of rising sea levels, extreme rainfall events, and coastal storm surge compound these flooding events, Hollywood and Fort Lauderdale form part of eastern Broward County, a densely populated area in South Florida bordered on the east by the Atlantic Ocean and on the west by the Everglades. Numerous drainage canals connect the Everglades wetlands and the coastal urban area, with typical elevations of 5-10 ft-NAVD. Porous limestone groundwater substrate further contributes to complex local hydrology.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Florida: Frequently Asked Questions

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Joshua Papacek ◽  
Ashley Smyth ◽  
Holly Abeels ◽  
Alicia Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Carbon Footprints ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The People ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Municipal Workers ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Climate change is considered one of the biggest challenges facing society. As global temperatures continue to rise, we are threatened by melting ice sheets, rising sea levels, and extreme weather events. Climate change is also something that the people in south Florida live with daily. Still, the science of climate change is complicated, leaving many in the region looking for trusted information about why climate should matter to them. The purpose of this new 8-page FAQ document is to provide answers to commonly asked questions regarding climate change. The questions come from south Florida residents and municipal workers concerned with the climate outcomes to their region. The FAQ address several areas of concerns, including the basic science behind climate change, the projected impacts to residents of south Florida, and actions that individuals can take to reduce their carbon footprints. Written by Joshua Papacek, Ashley Smyth, Holly Abeels, and Alicia Betancourt, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Soil and Water Sciences.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss682

scholarly journals A National Study on Protecting Infrastructure and Public Buildings against Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Chinowsky ◽  
Jacob Helman
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
The United States ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
National Study ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
The Cost

The national study analyzes sea level rise (SLR) impacts based on 36 different SLR and storm surge scenarios across 5.7 million geographic locations and 3 time periods. Taking an approach based on engineering design guidelines and current cost estimates, the study details projected cost impacts for states, counties, and cities. These impacts are presented from multiple perspectives including total cost, cost per-capita, and cost per-square mile. The purpose of the study is to identify specific locations where infrastructure is vulnerable to rising sea levels. The study finds that Sea Level Rise (SLR) and minimal storm surge is a $400 billion threat to the United States by 2040 that includes a need for at least 50,000 miles of protective barriers. The research is limited in its scope to protecting coastal infrastructure with sea walls. Additional methods exist and may be appropriate in individual situations. The study is original in that it is a national effort to identify infrastructure that is vulnerable as well as the cost associated with protecting this infrastructure.

scholarly journals Application of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale to Assess Sand Dune Response to Tropical Storms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Jean T. Ellis ◽  
Michelle E. Harris ◽  
Mayra A. Román-Rivera ◽  
J. Brianna Ferguson ◽  
Peter A. Tereszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Coastal Hazards ◽  
Tropical Storms ◽  
Aeolian Transport ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Dune Systems ◽  
Hurricane Wind ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Over one-third of the Earth’s population resides or works within 200 km of the coast. The increasing threat of coastal hazards with predicted climate change will impact many global citizens. Coastal dune systems serve as a natural first line of defense against rising sea levels and coastal storms. This study investigated the volumetric changes of two dune systems on Isle of Palms, South Carolina, USA prior to and following Hurricanes Irma (2017) and Florence (2018), which impacted the island as tropical storms with different characteristics. Irma had relatively high significant wave heights and precipitation, resulting in an average 39% volumetric dune loss. During Florence, a storm where precipitation was low and winds were moderate, net volumetric dune loss averaged 3%. The primary driving force causing dune change during Irma was water (precipitation and storm surge), and during Florence, it was wind (aeolian transport). We suggest that the application of the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale classifications should be reconsidered because different geomorphic responses were measured, despite Irma and Florence both being designated as tropical storms. Site-specific pre- and post-storm studies of the dune morphology and site-specific meteorological measurements of the storm (wind characteristics, storm surge, precipitation) are critically needed.

Contemporary monitoring of storm surge activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Ji ◽  
Guosheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

There is growing interest in storm surge activity related to catastrophic events and their unintended consequences in terms of casualties and damage around the world and in increasing populations and issues along coastal areas in the context of global warming and rising sea levels. Accordingly, knowledge on storm surge monitoring has progressed significantly in recent years, and this review, focused on monitoring the spatial and temporal variability of storm surges, responds to the need for a synthesis. Three main components are presented in the review: (1) monitoring storm surges from the viewpoint of three effective approaches; (2) understanding the challenges faced by the three monitoring approaches to increase our awareness of monitoring storm surges; (3) identifying three research priorities and orientations to provide new ideas in future storm surge monitoring. From the perspective of monitoring approaches, recent progress was achieved with respect to tide gauges, satellite altimetry and numerical simulation. Storm surge events can nowadays be identified accurately, and the surge heights can be calculated based on long-term tide gauge observations. The changing frequency and intensity of storm surge activity, combined with statistical analysis and climatology, can be used to enable a better understanding of the possible regional or global long-term trends. Compared with tidal observation data, satellite altimetry has the advantage of providing offshore sea level information to an accuracy of 10 cm. In addition, satellite altimetry can provide more effective observations for studying storm surges, such as transient surge data of the deep ocean. Simultaneously, the study of storm surges via numerical simulation has been further developed, mainly reflected in the gradual improvement of simulation accuracy but also in the refinement of comprehensive factors affecting storm surge activity. However, from the above approaches, storm surge activity monitoring cannot fully reflect the spatial and temporal variability of storm surges, especially the spatial changes at a regional or global scale. In particular, compared to global storm surge, tide gauges and satellite altimeters are relatively sparse, and the spatial distribution is extremely uneven, which often seriously restricts the overall understanding of the spatial distribution features of storm surge activity. Numerical models can be used as a tool to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings for storm surge monitoring, as they provide real-time spatiotemporal features of storm surge events. But long-term numerical hindcast of tides and surges requires an extremely high computational effort. Considering the shortcomings of the above approaches and the impact of climate change, there is no clear approach to remedy the framework for studying the spatial and temporal characteristics of global or regional storm surge activity at a climatic scale. Therefore, we show how new insights or techniques are useful for the monitoring of future crises. This work is especially important in planning efforts by policymakers, coastal managers, civil protection managers and the general public to adapt to climate change and rising sea levels.

scholarly journals Identifying the non-exceedance probability of extreme storm surges as a component of natural-disaster management using tidal-gauge data from Typhoon Maemi in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Guk Yum ◽  
Hsi-Hsien Wei ◽  
Sung-Hwan Jang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Exceedance Probability ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Abstract. Global warming, one of the most serious aspects of climate change, can be expected to cause rising sea levels. These, in turn, have been linked to unprecedentedly large typhoons that can cause flooding of low-lying land, coastal invasion, seawater flows into rivers and groundwater, rising river levels, and aberrant tides. To prevent loss of life and property damage caused by typhoons, it is crucial to accurately estimate storm surge related risk. This study therefore develops a statistical model for estimating probability model, based on surge data pertaining to Typhoon Maemi, which struck South Korea in 2003. Specifically, estimation of non-exceedance probability models of the typhoon-related storm surge was achieved via clustered separated peaks-over-threshold simulation, while various distribution models were fitted to the empirical data for investigating the risk of storm surge height. The result of this process found that the result of Weibull distribution was better than other distribution model for Typhoon Maemi's peak total water level.

scholarly journals Getting More out of Storm Surge Forecasts: Emergency Support Personnel Needs in North Carolina

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Munroe ◽  
Burrell Montz ◽  
Scott Curtis
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Support Personnel ◽  
Support Functions ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
Emergency Managers ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Personnel Needs

Abstract Storm surge has been identified as a dangerous and damaging coastal hazard that is expected to be exacerbated by rising sea levels. However, storm surge research and applications are relatively new and poorly understood compared to other storm-related hazards. This survey-based research of emergency support personnel across eastern North Carolina aims to connect ongoing research with the needs of storm surge users. Results indicate that emergency managers and other emergency support functions depend on storm surge information to assess and communicate risk, to educate the public, to evacuate the public, or for long-term resilience and recovery planning. They were generally satisfied with the type and timing of currently available surge information, but desired additional types of surge information (i.e., timing) and longer lead times.

scholarly journals Impact of rising sea levels on Australian fur seals

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lachlan J. McLean ◽  
Steve George ◽  
Daniel Ierodiaconou ◽  
Roger J. Kirkwood ◽  
John P.Y. Arnould
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Marine Predator ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
Pup Mortality ◽  
The Impact

Global warming is leading to many unprecedented changes in the ocean-climate system. Sea levels are rising at an increasing rate and are amplifying the impact of storm surges along coastlines. As variability in the timing and strength of storm surges has been shown to affect pup mortality in the Australian fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus doriferus), there is a need to identify the potential impacts of increased sea level and storm surges on the breeding areas of this important marine predator in Bass Strait, south-eastern Australia. Using high-resolution aerial photography and topographic data, the present study assessed the impacts of future inundation levels on both current and potential breeding habitats at each colony. Inundation from storm surges, based on a predicted rise in sea level, was modeled at each colony from 2012 to 2100. As sea level increases, progressively less severe storm surge conditions will be required to exceed current inundation levels and, thus, have the potential for greater impacts on pup mortality at Australian fur seal colonies. The results of the present study indicate that by 2100, a 1-in-10 year storm will inundate more habitat on average than a present-day 1-in-100 year storm. The study highlights the site-specific nature of storm surge impacts, and in particular the importance of local colony topography and surrounding bathymetry with small, low-lying colonies impacted the most. An increased severity of storm surges will result in either an increase in pup mortality rates associated with storm surges, or the dispersal of individuals to higher ground and/or new colonies.

scholarly journals Drivers and subseasonal predictability of heavy rainfall in equatorial East Africa and relationship with flood risk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A MacLeod ◽  
Rutger Dankers ◽  
Richard Graham ◽  
Kiswendsida Guigma ◽  
Luke Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Forecast Models ◽  
Flooding Events

AbstractEquatorial East Africa (EEA) suffers from significant flood risks. These can be mitigated with pre-emptive action, however currently available early warnings are limited to a few days lead time. Extending warnings using subseasonal climate forecasts could open a window for more extensive preparedness activity. However before these forecasts can be used, the basis of their skill and relevance for flood risk must be established. Here we demonstrate that subseasonal forecasts are particularly skillful over EEA. Forecasts can skillfully anticipate weekly upper quintile rainfall within a season, at lead times of two weeks and beyond. We demonstrate the link between the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and extreme rainfall events in the region, and confirm that leading forecast models accurately represent the EEA teleconnection to the MJO. The relevance of weekly rainfall totals for fluvial flood risk in the region is investigated using a long record of streamflow from the Nzoia river in Western Kenya. Both heavy rainfall and high antecedent rainfall conditions are identified as key drivers of flood risk, with upper quintile weekly rainfall shown to skillfully discriminate flood events. We additionally evaluate GloFAS global flood forecasts for the Nzoia basin. Though these are able to anticipate some flooding events with several weeks lead time, analysis suggests action based on these would result in a false alarm more than 50% of the time. Overall, these results build on the scientific evidence base that supports the use of subseasonal forecasts in EEA, and activities to advance their use are discussed.

Numerical Simulations of Storm-Surge Inundation Along Innermost Coast of Ariake Sea Based on Past Violent Typhoons

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1221-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki Hashimoto ◽  
◽  
Masaki Yokota ◽  
Masaru Yamashiro ◽  
Yukihiro Kinashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
Ariake Sea ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Inundation Area ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

The Ariake Sea has Japan’s largest tidal range – up to six meters. Given previous Ariake Sea disasters caused by storm surges and high waves, it is considered highly likely that the bay’s innermost coast will be damaged by typhoon-triggered storm surges. Concern with increased storm-surge-related disasters is associated with rising sea levels and increasing typhoon intensity due to global warming. As increasingly more potentially disastrous typhoons cross the area, preventing coastal disasters has become increasingly important. The first step toward doing so is damage prediction, which requires numerical simulation. Our study considers the tracks of typhoons considerably influencing the Ariake Sea. To examine storm-surge risk related to both inundation area and process, we calculated storm surges inundating the Sea’s innermost coastal area using an improved ocean-flow finite-volume coastal ocean model. Results showed that enhanced storm surges were to be anticipated and that inundation areas could be extensive where typhoons followed a route from west to northeast across the Sea. We also found that even under current climatic conditions, typhoons able to cause significant storm-surge and inundation disasters could adversely affect the Bay’s innermost coastal area. Our analysis of this area and process indicated that the inundation extent around the bay’s innermost coast varies with the typhoon, confirming the importance of determining typhoon routes triggering the potentially greatest inundation damage.

scholarly journals Protecting Infrastructure and Public Buildings against Sea Level Rise and Storm Surge

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10538
Author(s):  
Paul Chinowsky ◽  
Jacob Helman
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
National Study ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Rising Sea Levels ◽  
The Cost

The national study analyzes sea level rise (SLR) impacts based on 36 different SLR and storm surge scenarios across 5.7 million geographic locations and 3 time periods. Taking an approach based on engineering design guidelines and current cost estimates, the study details projected cost impacts for states and cities. These impacts are presented from multiple perspectives, including total cost for constructing seawalls, costs per capita, and costs per square kilometer. The purpose of the study is to identify specific locations where infrastructure is vulnerable to rising sea levels. The study finds that Sea Level Rise (SLR) and minimal storm surge is a USD 400 billion threat to the coastline of the lower 48 United States by 2040 that includes a need for at least 80,000 km of protective barriers. The research is limited in its scope to protecting coastal infrastructure with seawalls to enable consistency throughout the study. The study is original in that it is an effort across the lower 48 states to identify infrastructure that is vulnerable, as well as the cost associated with protecting this infrastructure.

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