scholarly journals The Adaption of Self-Reflexivity and Metafiction Approach to Myth and History in Shashi Tharoor's the Great Indian Novel: A Post-Modernist Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Suzan Raheem Rahman ◽  
Lamiaa Ahmed Rasheed ◽  
Lujain Ismael Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Basic Structure ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Historiographic Metafiction ◽  
Continuous Processes ◽  
Indian History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classical Epic ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reflective Narrative

Shashi Tharoor's The Great Indian Novel is an example of a post-modern historiographic metafiction that takes the relationship between reality and fiction into consideration. This novel also depicts the 20th century political past by reviving events, incidents and characters of the myth of Mahabharata. The current paper aims to explain how Tharoor rebuilds the twentieth-century past by drawing on the great Mahabharata classical epic. Additionally, it examines the common relationship between fiction and history as it progressed along and continuous processes through the use of self-reflexivity and metafiction approach. In The Great Indian Novel, Tharoor adapts a metafiction tool which is the most fitting way to tackle this novel as a postmodernist study. Tharoor blends fiction and fact through a self-reflective narrative and the use of several metafiction devices by adapting the myth of Mahabharata to construct the distance between the past and the present. Tharoor takes the ancient myth as the basic structure with contemporary group of political characters for a real and ironic review of recent Indian history and representation.

Abitare Spina 3

2009 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Cristina Bianchetti ◽  
Anna Todros
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

- Spina 3 is the old district of Turin steel production, it is an area of more than 1 million square metres, which, over the past fifteen years, has gone through a transformation process that radically reversed the relationship between public and private properties, in favour of the first ones. The outcome appears to be a space where it was possible to play freely with its elements, but where, at the end, it was generated a hard space, where the tracks of the person who live there are struggling to settle. The house, built from the market so rigidly and traditionally, became a symbol of the common choice to live in the new Turin.Key words living, practices, friches, space appropriation, space scheme, commonality.Parole chiave: abitare, pratiche, friches, appropriazione (dello spazio), disegno (dello spazio), comunanza.

scholarly journals From Best Friends to Silent Ends: Exploring the Concepts of Ghosting in Non-Romantic Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 943-950
Author(s):  
Megan Ann Yap ◽  
Angelo Miguel Francisco ◽  
Christian Gopez
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Video Communication ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Best Friends ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Ghosting is a popular term in mass media that has continued to baffle many with its ambiguity as a dissolution strategy. Multiple studies in the past have explored ghosting within romantic relationships, examining how this dissolution strategy has impacted the two parties involved: the initiator (ghoster) and the non-initiator (ghostee). However, it has been stated that ghosting can exist outside of romantic relationships as it may also occur within friendships or even if the relationship is questionably nonexistent. The objectives of the paper seek to understand how ghosting happens within these non-romantic relationships, its effects on the initiators and non-initiators, and its possible differences when compared to romantic relationships. Semi-structured interviews were conducted through video communication platforms on thirty respondents ages 18-25 who have experienced ghosting or been ghosted by a friend. Through the use of descriptive phenomenological qualitative study, the results revealed that 1) ghosting in non-romantic relationships occurs on technology-mediated channels, 2) the initiators experienced post-dissolution feelings of regret, 3) the non-initiators experienced feelings of uncertainty, 4) ghosting a friend is more socially acceptable than ghosting a romantic partner, and, 5) ghosting is more frequent in non-romantic relationships due to the lower levels of commitment and expectations. Other recurring themes, such as the common reasons behind ghosting for the initiators and ghosting as a justifiable means of dissolving the relationship, were also found.  

Operation Optimization of the Airport Check-In System

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 1665-1668
Author(s):  
Shun Zhi Xu ◽  
Rui Ming Wang ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Jin Fu Zhu ◽  
Jing Du
Keyword(s):  
Queuing Theory ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Use Of Self ◽  
Operation Optimization ◽  
Model Efficiency ◽  
The Common ◽  
Self Service ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Airline Flight

The optimization of check-in counter number and the efficiency of check-in system are the common demand of the airport and the airline. The former research on the optimization of the check-in system rarely involved the use of self-service check-in counter, in view of the use of self-service check-in rate will continue to rise and is likely to become the dominant check-in mode in the future, This paper will quantitative analysize the relationship between self-service check-in counter and the check-in system efficiency, it will give the check-in counter number when the optimal operation efficiency of check-in system based on the queuing theory. Finally, combined with a typical airline flight plan data to analysize the model efficiency, the results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.

Duress and the Criminal Law: Another About Turn by the House of Lords

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Milgate
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Common Law ◽  
General Rule ◽  
The Past ◽  
House Of Lords ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Degree

In the field of criminal law we should be used to the House of Lords changing its mind. In the course of the past three years the House has fundamentally altered its view on the meaning of intention, on the relationship between statutory and common law conspiracy and on the law of impossible attempts. Now we have another about turn. In R. v. Howe and Bannister the House of Lords has unanimously decided that duress can never be a defence to murder. Yet elsewhere in the criminal law (with the exception of some forms of treason) duress operates as a complete defence, leading to acquittal if raised successfully. In making murder an exception to this general rule the House, using its power under the Practice Statement of 1966, has departed from its previous decision in D.P.P. for Northern Ireland v. Lynch which allowed the defence of duress to be raised by principals in the second degree to murder. The Lynch decision, which had stood as part of the common law for some twelve years, is now consigned to the legal scrapheap.

scholarly journals Þannig er saga okkar“: Um sagnritunarsjálfsögur og skáldsöguna Hundadaga eftir Einar Má Guðmundsson

Ritið ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-273
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Narrative Discourse ◽  
Postmodern Literature ◽  
Historiographic Metafiction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fictional Narrative ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The Relationship

The ambiguity between reality and fiction haunts Einar Már Guðmundsson’s novel Hundadagar (Dog Days, 2015), as it is a fictional narrative about factual, historical figures and events, such as Jörgen Jörgensen, Rev. Jón Steingrímsson, Finnur Magnússon and Guðrún Johnsen, while the same can be said about many other novels labeled as postmodernism. Canadian literary scholar Linda Hutcheon coined the concept of historiographic metafiction to describe fictions as such, which are “intensely self-reflexive”, while “paradoxically lay claim to historical events and personages”. Hutcheon suggests that historiographic metafictions fully illuminate the very way in which postmodernism entangles itself with both the epistemological and ontological status of history. This paper begins with an introduction to Hutcheon’s theoretical contributions on postmodernism, postmodern literature and the relationship between history and fiction, followed by a reading of Hundadagar as a historiographic metafiction. The narrator’s strategies—such as parataxis, metanarrative comments, we-narrative discourse and documentary intertext—largely indicate an imitation, a revelation, or say, a parody of the process of historian’s writings. The paper further suggests that it is the Icelandic financial crisis in 2008 that prompts the narrator to revisit the 18. and 19. century, since the financial crisis takes the role of a rupture of the Enlightenment ideals, leading to disorder and chaos. Moreover, the narrator finds an uncanny similarity between the past and the present, as if the history has been repeating itself. The spectre of history keeps (re)appearing in a deferred temporality. While revisiting the past, the narrator also (re)visits the present in an allegorical way. In a word, as a historiographic metafiction, Einar Már Guðmundsson’s Hundadagar is “fundamentally contradictory, resolutely historical, and inescapably political”, just as Hutcheon’s perception of postmodernism.

History, historiography and Christian origins

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-89
Author(s):  
Luther H. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Data ◽  
Cultural Contingencies ◽  
The Common ◽  
Christian Origins ◽  
Critical Historiography ◽  
The Relationship

The study of Christian origins should in no way differ from the study of anything past and, yet, historical studies of Christianity continue to "privilege" the data with imagined origins. In contrast to such imaginative fictions, critical historiography is based on human events presumed actually to have occurred. The productions of and, consequently, the explanations for such data instantiate both the material and the mental environments of human beings. Whereas the common constraints of biology are clear and those of cognition are increasingly so (although both are traditionally discounted in accounts of Christian beginnings), historically valid theories of socio-cultural contingencies remain contested, as does the relationship between these three domains. Since the earliest historical evidence for "Christian" groups is socio-cultural, i.e., textual, might these texts be better understood historically as themselves positive data for a plurality of Christian social formations rather than as historiographical documents containing positivistic data about Christian origins? In this way, it is possible to access real activities of real human beings in the past in their actual relationships.

GLOBALISATION, INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS AND GROWTH: ADVANCED AND EMERGING MARKETS, LARGE AND SMALL COUNTRIES

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOMINICK SALVATORE
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Markets ◽  
World Economy ◽  
International Competitiveness ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
The Past ◽  
Small Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

The past three decades have witnessed a rapid tendency toward globalisation in the world economy. A great deal of controversy exists, however, as to whether and to what extent globalisation has increased nations' international competitiveness and growth. After discussing the common characteristics of the rapidly growing economies and the meaning and importance of globalisation, this paper examines the relationship among globalisation, international competitiveness and growth during the most recent period of rapid globalisation for all the countries for which data exists as a group, and then separately for advanced and emerging markets, and for large and small countries.

The Concept of Famous Painting in the Tang Dynasty: The Case of Zhang Yanyuan’s Lidai minghua ji

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-222
Author(s):  
Xiaomeng Ning
Keyword(s):  
Tang Dynasty ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Central Concept ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Tang Dynasty ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Understanding ◽  
Entire Text

AbstractThis essay offers a critical reflection on the central concept of “famous painting” as expounded in Zhang Yanyuan’s Lidai minghua ji (历代名画记, A Record of Famous Paintings of All Dynasties). Building upon the past scholarship, this essay will proceed in the following three steps. I propose to distinguish the concept of “famous painting” from the common understanding of painting. I argue that it is the former that plays a central role in the entire text of the Lidai minghua ji. As a result of this new approach, I will outline an intentional and discernable structure formed by the fifteen essays in the first three books. I proceed with discussing the relationship between famous paintings and famous painters so as to demonstrate Zhang Yanyuan’s implicit intention and considerations in selecting and evaluating painters and their works. Finally, I examine the basic formats of famous painting and further elucidate the historical dimension embedded within the concept of famous painting that constituted and changed the very idea under consideration.

scholarly journals A FOTOGRAFIA E A FENOMENOLOGIA DA MEMÓRIA: Aproximações Entre Dois Princípios de Distanciamento

Palíndromo ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Leite Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Paul Ricoeur ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Photographic Image ◽  
The Past ◽  
Paul Ricœur ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

RESUMOEste trabalho se detém no livro La chambre claire de Roland Barthes e procura comparar os conceitos de studium e punctum, formulados nesta obra, aos pólos em oposição que definem a faculdade mnemônica humana segundo a fenomenologia da memória descrita por Paul Ricœur. O ponto de contato entre a memória e a imagem fotográfica, por sua vez, encontra-se a partir do princípio de distanciamento implícito em ambas: se a memória, como diz Aristóteles, “é do passado” e depende da distinção temporal entre a lembrança e o objeto ou evento a que a lembrança se refere, a imagem fotográfica, por conta da relação de contiguidade que estabelece com seu referente, também implica na demarcação de um distanciamento temporal entre signo e referente. A partir da verificação de similaridades entre a fotografia e a fenomenologia da memória, pretende-se, finalmente, estabelecer os pontos em comum que ambas as operações possuem em relação ao tempo.Palavras ChaveFotografia, Roland Barthes, fenomenologia da memória. Abstract This paper delves into the book La chambre claire written by Roland Barthes and compares the concepts of studium and punctum, conceived within this text, to the opposing poles that defines the mnemonic human faculty according to Paul Ricœur’s phenomenology of memory. The link between the memory and the photographic image, by its turn, lies in the detachment principle implied in both: if memory, as Aristotle says, “is of the past” and relies on the temporal distinction between the recollection and the object or event accounted by this recollection, the photographic image, due to the relationship of contiguity established with its referent, implies on the demarcation of a temporal detachment between sign and its referent. From the recognition of similarities between the photography and the phenomenology of memory, this study aims to establish the common aspects that both operations has in their relationship with time.Key wordsPhotography, Roland Barthes, phenomenology of memory.

History, Ethics and Philosophy: Bernard Williams’ Appraisal of R. G. Collingwood

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-53
Author(s):  
Stephen Leach
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bernard Williams ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Analytic Philosopher ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe author examines Williams’ appraisal of Collingwood both in his eponymous essay on Collingwood, in the posthumously published Sense of the Past (2006), and elsewhere in his work. The similarities and differences between their philosophies are explored: in particular, with regard to the relationship between philosophy and history and the relationship between the study of history and our present-day moral attitudes. It is argued that, despite Williams usually being classified as an analytic philosopher and Collingwood being classified as an idealist, there is substantial common ground between them. Williams was aware of this and made clear his sympathy for Collingwood; but, nonetheless, the relationship between Williams and Collingwood has not previously been explored in any detail. After establishing the common ground between these philosophers, and the areas of disagreement, the author suggests that both may have something to gain from the other.

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