scholarly journals Role of vitamins on various biological aspects of an egg parasitoid, Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) (Hymanoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on its laboratory host, Corcyra cephalonica

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Kapinder Tarkeshwar ◽  
◽  
Ashok Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Corcyra Cephalonica ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
Biological Aspects

Study on different diets on the biological parameters of rice moth Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Rajendra Singh ◽  
Joginder Singh ◽  
Ankit Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Corcyra Cephalonica ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Agricultural Entomology ◽  
Yeast Powder ◽  
Factitious Host

The present investigations were undertaken in laboratory on “Study on factitious host Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) against storage of egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) cards under laboratory conditions” during the year 2018 in the bio-control laboratory, Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (U. P.) India. The effects of different rearing media on some biological parameters of factitious host, C. cephalonica are based on results are most effective performance with T3 (Sorghum + Groundnut + Yeast powder, 50:50 + 5g Yeast), treatments i.e. larval, pupal, male and female moths emergence, and egg production in cc and followed by 17530, 16667, 15131,14875, 13545 and 11830 i.e. T3 (Sorghum + Groundnut + Yeast powder, 50:50 + 5g Yeast), T5 (Sorghum + Soyabeen + Yeast powder, 50:50 + 5g Yeast), T6 (Sorghum + Cowpea + Yeast powder, 50:50 + 5g Yeast), T4 (Sorghum + Gram powder + Yeast powder, 50:50 + 5g Yeast), T2 (Sorghum + Green Gram + Yeast powder, 50:50 +5g Yeast), T1 (Sorghum + Black gram + Yeast powder, 50:50 + 5g Yeast) and T7 (Sorghum alone (check) eggs per cc of Sorghum + Groundnut + Yeast powder, 50:50 + 5g Yeast and wheal), respectively.

Vacuum packaging of Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) eggs to enhance shelf life for parasitization by the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushil K. Jalali ◽  
T. Venkatesan ◽  
K. Srinivasa Murthy ◽  
Rajaratnam J. Rabindra ◽  
Y. Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Vacuum Packaging ◽  
Corcyra Cephalonica ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis

Effect of coriander plant extract on the parasitization behaviour of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Trichogrammatidae: Hymenoptera)

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Dominic Manoj P ◽  
Ravi G ◽  
Vellaikumar S ◽  
Manivannan M I
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extract ◽  
Tritrophic Interactions ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Hexane Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Trichogramma Chilonis ◽  
Profile Study

In the present investigation the coriander plant volatiles for the tritrophic interactions on the egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii is evaluated. The GCMS profile study of the foliage extract of coriander in both hexane and dichloromethane showed presence of 2-Dodecenal-(E), (E)-Tetradec-2-enal, Octadecane, Nonacosane, Hexadecane, Pentadecane and Heneicosane, which are of biologically active fractions in insects. In laboratory study the maximum parasitization was recorded in hexane extract treated Corcyra card (31.04 eggs/card) compared to 28.16 eggs per card observed in untreated control. The data gathered on number of parasitized eggs hatched into adult indicated that in hexane extract treated Corcyra card had 91.19 per cent while parasitoid emergence was 29.30 eggs per card followed by 87.76 per cent in untreated control 24.90 eggs per card. The GCMS profile study of the foliage extract of coriander in both hexane and dichloromethane showed presence of 2-Dodecenal-(E), (E)-Tetradec-2-enal, Octadecane, Nonacosane, Hexadecane, Pentadecane and Heneicosane, which are of biologically active fractions in insects. The above findings reveal the possible role of such active chemicals in parasitoid compatibility of the intercrop.

scholarly journals MicroRNAs: Biological Regulators in Pathogen–Host Interactions

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Maia Acuña ◽  
Lucile Maria Floeter-Winter ◽  
Sandra Marcia Muxel
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Small Rnas ◽  
Immune Cell ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biological Aspects

An inflammatory response is essential for combating invading pathogens. Several effector components, as well as immune cell populations, are involved in mounting an immune response, thereby destroying pathogenic organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. In the past decade, microRNAs (miRNAs), a group of noncoding small RNAs, have emerged as functionally significant regulatory molecules with the significant capability of fine-tuning biological processes. The important role of miRNAs in inflammation and immune responses is highlighted by studies in which the regulation of miRNAs in the host was shown to be related to infectious diseases and associated with the eradication or susceptibility of the infection. Here, we review the biological aspects of microRNAs, focusing on their roles as regulators of gene expression during pathogen–host interactions and their implications in the immune response against Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma, and Plasmodium infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Glycans in autophagy, endocytosis and lysosomal functions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fulvio Reggiori ◽  
Hans-Joachim Gabius ◽  
Massimo Aureli ◽  
Winfried Römer ◽  
Sandro Sonnino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Code ◽  
Endogenous Lectins ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Molecular Signals ◽  
Lysosomal Proteins ◽  
In Cells

AbstractGlycans have been shown to function as versatile molecular signals in cells. This prompted us to look at their roles in endocytosis, endolysosomal system and autophagy. We start by introducing the cell biological aspects of these pathways, the concept of the sugar code, and provide an overview on the role of glycans in the targeting of lysosomal proteins and in lysosomal functions. Moreover, we review evidence on the regulation of endocytosis and autophagy by glycans. Finally, we discuss the emerging concept that cytosolic exposure of luminal glycans, and their detection by endogenous lectins, provides a mechanism for the surveillance of the integrity of the endolysosomal compartments, and serves their eventual repair or disposal.

scholarly journals From the Individual's Fault to the Construct of Power (Development and Changes of Crime Theories)

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 96-107
Author(s):  
Mohamad Seddigh Mohamadi ◽  
Hasan Babaee ◽  
Mohamad Khaledian
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Power Development ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Critical Theories ◽  
Language And Power ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Biological Aspects

The present paper aims to explain crime by investigating various theoretical approaches and to show that from the classic era to the recent postmodern theories, a slow but steady cycle of discourse concerning crime has been occurring. In the classic times, the criminal is assumed to be a sane person with sound will who commits crime with an individualistic choice and due to incorrect decisions; In the positivism approach, the theorists' concern is directed at recognizing criminals and clarifying more fundamental biological aspects and psychological performance and they seek to explain the phenomenon of crime by dividing the people of the society into normal and abnormal people; In the modern theories the social factors causing the appearance of crime are at the focal point while critical theories greatly emphasize on the role of the society in the criminal phenomenon and its definition, finally postmodern theories consider crime totally as constructed by mindset, language and power and question its existential reality.

scholarly journals Caterpillar-induced rice volatiles provide enemy-free space for the offspring of the brown planthopper

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Hu ◽  
Shuangli Su ◽  
Qingsong Liu ◽  
Yaoyu Jiao ◽  
Yufa Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Brown Planthopper ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Enemy Free Space ◽  
Rice Pest ◽  
Herbivore Induced Plant Volatiles

Plants typically release large quantities of volatiles in response to herbivory by insects. This benefits the plants by, for instance, attracting the natural enemies of the herbivores. We show that the brown planthopper (BPH) has cleverly turned this around by exploiting herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that provide safe havens for its offspring. BPH females preferentially oviposit on rice plants already infested by the rice striped stem borer (SSB), which are avoided by the egg parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae, the most important natural enemy of BPH. Using synthetic versions of volatiles identified from plants infested by BPH and/or SSB, we demonstrate the role of HIPVs in these interactions. Moreover, greenhouse and field cage experiments confirm the adaptiveness of the BPH oviposition strategy, resulting in 80% lower parasitism rates of its eggs. Besides revealing a novel exploitation of HIPVs, these findings may lead to novel control strategies against an exceedingly important rice pest.

scholarly journals The biology of pulmonary exacerbations in bronchiectasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (154) ◽  
pp. 190055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Amati ◽  
Edoardo Simonetta ◽  
Andrea Gramegna ◽  
Paolo Tarsia ◽  
Martina Contarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Trigger Factors ◽  
Disease Heterogeneity ◽  
Progression Of Disease ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Clinical And Translational Research

Bronchiectasis is a heterogeneous chronic disease. Heterogeneity characterises bronchiectasis not only in the stable state but also during exacerbations, despite evidence on clinical and biological aspects of bronchiectasis, exacerbations still remain poorly understood.Although the scientific community recognises that bacterial infection is a cornerstone in the development of bronchiectasis, there is a lack of data regarding other trigger factors for exacerbations. In addition, a huge amount of data suggest a primary role of neutrophils in the stable state and exacerbation of bronchiectasis, but the inflammatory reaction involves many other additional pathways. Cole's vicious cycle hypothesis illustrates how airway dysfunction, airway inflammation, infection and structural damage are linked. The introduction of the concept of a “vicious vortex” stresses the complexity of the relationships between the components of the cycle. In this model of disease, exacerbations work as a catalyst, accelerating the progression of disease. The roles of microbiology and inflammation need to be considered as closely linked and will need to be investigated in different ways to collect samples. Clinical and translational research is of paramount importance to achieve a better comprehension of the pathophysiology of bronchiectasis, microbiology and inflammation both in the stable state and during exacerbations.

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