The Government Policy on Foreign Direct Investment in Sri Lanka

The online retail industry in India is expected to grow to Rs. 7000 crores by 2015. Its size in 2013 is Rs. 2500 crores. By 2014 India is expected to become the 3rd largest nation of Internet users and this would provide huge potential to the online retail Industry1.Among the major cities in India, consumers in Mumbai topped the chart in doing online shopping followed by Ahmedabad and Delhi2. As per Google study conducted in 2012, 51 percent of the traffic for its Great online shopping festival (GOSF) was due to customers from cities other than the four metros. Referring to the growth in online sales, Nitin Bawankule, industry director, e-commerce, online classifieds and media/entertainment at Google India said, “Top motivators for shopping online include cash back guarantee, cash on delivery, fast delivery, substantial discounts compared to retail, and access to branded products”3. The E –commerce space in India has seen a lot of action and there are many online players like flipkart.com, Myntra.com, Fabmart, Indiaplaza and Indiatimesshopping. Amazon.com made an indirect entry through Junglee.com. The reason for this indirect entry is the result of government policy towards foreign direct investment. The Government of India announced in September 2012 the revised foreign direct investment policy in retail. As per this announcement foreign investments are blocked in e-commerce sector while allowing 51 percent FDI in multi-brand retail stores and 100 percent FDI in single brand retail. Amazon has been eyeing the Indian E commerce market which is estimated around $2 billion4.

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Bangladesh economy will ride out pandemic crisis

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db262788 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Central Bank ◽

Foreign Exchange ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Low Risk ◽

Content Type ◽

Speed Up ◽

The Government ◽

Roll Out

Significance In late May, it approved a three-month, USD200mn currency swap with Sri Lanka to help ease Colombo’s foreign exchange woes. The move underscores its growing economic strength, even as it battles the fallout of the COVID-19 pandemic. Impacts The government will step up efforts to procure more COVID-19 jabs as it tries to speed up the vaccine roll-out. Bangladesh will attract more foreign direct investment, especially from Chinese- and Japanese-based multinationals. The central bank will continue to invest reserve assets in low-risk instruments overseas.

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Foreign Direct Investment in Retail Industry in India

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.c1083.1083s19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (3S) ◽

pp. 388-391

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Government Policy ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Tax Incentives ◽

Retail Industry ◽

Retail Sector ◽

Retail Market ◽

Foreign Companies ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

The Government of India was initially very apprehensive of the introduction of the Foreign Direct Investment in the Retail Sector in India. The unorganized retail sector as has been mentioned earlier occupies 98% of the retail sector and the rest 2% is contributed by the organized sector. The unorganized retail sector contributes about 14% to the GDP and absorbs about 7% of our labor force. Retail is the sale of goods to end users, not for resale, but for use and consumption by the purchaser. The retail transaction is at the end of the supply chain. Manufacturers sell large quantities of products to retailers, and retailers sell small quantities of those products to consumers. This study has been undertaken foreign direct investment has affected the Indian retail industry. The inflow of foreign direct investment has boosted growth in the retail industry and increased the gross domestic product of India. Government policy and other determinants have been discussed to study and analyze the impact. The Indian retail market is a developing market and has potential for investments. There had been a restriction in the inflow of foreign direct investment till 2006. But since 2006, there has been a positive change in the government policy thereby allowing foreign companies to invest in India and become an owner. The paper elucidates the growth between different sectors of Indian retail industry, the tax incentives and determinants for inflow of foreign direct investment. This study focuses on foreign direct investment inflows in selected retail sectors

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Implementation of Self-Reliance Politics in Fishery Sector, Foreign Direct Investment, and Trawl Elimination: Dilemma Between Fulfilling Needs for Fish and Improving Fisherman Welfare

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202020202014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 02014

Author(s):

Sutejo K. Widodo ◽

I. Indriyanto

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Government Policy ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Investment Policy ◽

Research Results ◽

Historical Method ◽

Self Reliance ◽

The Government

This study aims to discuss the dilemma between the fulfillment of needs for fish and the improvement of fisherman welfare in Java, specifically in Pekalongan Municipality. It focuses on the dilemma occurring on the implementation of self-reliance politics policy in 1961, implementation of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) policy in the fishery sector in 1969, and implementation of trawl elimination in 1980. To reveal these problems, the researchers used historical method, based on the government policy contained in the decree, agency reports, and agency bulletins. The research results find a dilemma between an effort to fulfill the needs for fish by increasing the catch production and an effort to improve the fisherman welfare.

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Does Foreign Direct Investment Influence Renewable Energy Consumption? Empirical Evidence from South Asian Countries

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14123470 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3470

Author(s):

Xueqing Kang ◽

Farman Ullah Khan ◽

Raza Ullah ◽

Muhammad Arif ◽

Shams Ur Rehman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

South Asian ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Least Square ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Ordinary Least Square ◽

The Relationship

In selected South Asian countries, the study intends to investigate the relationship between urban population (UP), carbon dioxide (CO2), trade openness (TO), gross domestic product (GDP), foreign direct investment (FDI), and renewable energy (RE). Fully modified ordinary least square (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) models for estimation were used in the study, which covered yearly data from 1990 to 2019. We used Levin–Lin–Chu, Im–Pesaran–Shin, and Fisher PP tests for the stationarity of the variables. The outcomes of the panel cointegration approach looked at whether there was a long-run equilibrium nexus between selected variables in Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka. The FMOLS approach was also used to assess the relationship, and the results suggest that there is a significant and negative nexus between FDI and renewable energy in south Asian nations. The study’s findings reveal a strong and favorable relationship between GDP and renewable energy use. In South Asian nations (Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh), the FMOLS and DOLS findings are nearly identical, but the authors used the DOLS model for robustification. According to the findings, policymakers in South Asian economies (Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh) should view GDP and FDI as fundamental policy instruments for environmental sustainability. To reduce reliance on hazardous energy sources, the government should also reassure financial sectors to participate in renewable energy.

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Role of foreign direct investment – As a strategic move towards growth, economic integration and development

International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education ◽

10.1177/0020720921996597 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002072092199659

Author(s):

Rima H BinSaeed

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Vital Role ◽

Foreign Investors ◽

Technological Infrastructure ◽

Industrial Sectors ◽

Vision 2030 ◽

International Investors ◽

The Government

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with its developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure has shown a major progress in business opportunities for overseas investors. Saudi Arabia’s education sector is one of the most attractive investment opportunities for the foreign investors Earlier in 2019, 9 new foreign education enterprises were granted investor licenses, amounting to a total of $141mn of investment deals. The Saudi government introduced Saudi Vision 2030, an aspiring development plan that foresees vital prospects for foreign investors in the regions of education, housing, health and energy, amongst others. In 2016, Saudi Arabia permitted the procurement of 100% of assets by foreign investors in retail and wholesale trade. A privatisation program has also been introduced. The government also attempts to attract FDI in the regions of renewable energy and entertainment. A foreign direct investment (FDI) plays a vital role in local and international economy. Several opportunities and ventures are encouraged by Saudi Arabia to improve the standard of business and economical environments. To accomplish the finances for the projects SAGIA, the lawful authority is there to smooth the progress of investments, which encourages Saudi FDI prospective to grow simultaneously. FDI has a greater scope for diverse businesses and investing in to underdeveloped industrial sectors. FDI plays an important role in boosting the economy of Saudi Arabia by managing international investors who shares the huge portion of 34% in General GDP (Gross domestic product) of Saudi Arabia. This paper aims to review the literature to shed light on the steps taken by the government to increase FDI in the country and what are the current trends that are helping to fulfil VISION 2030.

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Economic Actors' Lobbying Influence on the Prospects for War and Peace

International Organization ◽

10.1017/s0020818313000283 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (4) ◽

pp. 863-888 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Stephen G. Brooks

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Global Economy ◽

Economic Globalization ◽

Economic Incentives ◽

Special Interests ◽

War And Peace ◽

The Past ◽

The Government

AbstractPolitical scientists and economists have long been interested in the role of special interests in the policymaking process. In the past few years, a series of important new books have argued forcefully that the lobbying activities of economic actors have an important influence on the prospects for war and peace. All of these analyses claim that whether economic actors enhance or decrease the likelihood of conflict ultimately depends on the domestic political balance between economic actors who have a strong vested interest in pushing for peace versus those that do not. I advance two contrary arguments. At least among the advanced states, I posit there are no longer any economic actors who will be favorable toward war and who will lobby the government with this preference. All of the identified mechanisms that previously contributed to such lobbying in these states have been swept away with the end of colonialism and the rise of economic globalization. In particular, I show that the current structure of the global economy now makes it feasible for foreign direct investment to serve as an effective substitute for conquest in a way that was not possible in previous eras. My second argument concerns those economic actors in advanced states with a preference for peace. I posit that it has become unnecessary for them to directly lobby the government to avoid war on economic grounds because economic globalization—the accumulation of decisions by economic actors throughout the globe—now has sufficiently clear economic incentives for leaders.

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ANALISIS PENGARUH REMITANSI, INVESTASI ASING LANGSUNG, IMPOR DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Kajian Ekonomi dan Pembangunan ◽

10.24036/jkep.v2i4.10383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Regina Septriani Putri ◽

Ariusni Ariusni

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Time Series Data ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Series Data ◽

Long Run ◽

Short Run ◽

The Government ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract : This study examined and analysis the effect of remittances, foreigndirect investment, imports, and economic growth in Indonesia in the long run andshort run. This study using Error Correction Model (ECM) method and using theannual time series data from 1989 to 2018. This study found that: (1) remittancehave an insignificant positive effect on economic growth in the long run and shortrun,(2)foreign direct investment have a significant positive impact on economicgrowth in the long run and short run, (3) import have an insignificant positiveimpact on economic growth both in the long run and short run. To increase theeconomic growth in the future, this study suggests the government to decresingimports of consume goods and increasing the inflow of capital goods, rawmaterial goods, remittances and foreign direct investment.Keyword : Remittance, Foreign Direct Investment, Import, Economic Growth andECM

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THE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND EU ON TRADE AND INVESTMENT

10.31410/eman.2021.13 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Volodymyr Olefir ◽

Keyword(s):

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Trade Liberalization ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Free Trade Area ◽

Comparison Method ◽

Trade Area ◽

European Standards ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact ◽

The Eu

The benefits and costs of the implementation of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) between Ukraine and the EU have been studied. The study aimed to find out to what extent the implementation of DCFTA has helped increase exports and attract foreign direct investment into Ukraine’s economy. A comparison method was used to conduct the study. The period of implementation of the DCFTA (2016-2020) was compared with the period before the implementation of the DCFTA (2010- 2014). Due to trade liberalization, exports of Ukrainian goods to the EU and imports of goods from the EU to Ukraine have increased. Trade liberalization has not contributed to further attracting foreign direct investment from the EU to Ukraine’s economy. The urgent task of the Government of Ukraine is to create a business regulatory environment according to European standards and protect foreign investment.

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A time series analysis of determinants of FDI in Afghanistan: Which one matters the most, security or economic growth?

Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research ◽

10.24191/jeeir.v6i2.8777 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Abdul Fareed Delawari

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Time Series ◽

Foreign Direct Investment ◽

Time Series Analysis ◽

Direct Investment ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Market Economic ◽

The Government ◽

The Relationship

Afghanistan has been practicing market economic system since 2002. Since then, the government has been initiating different policies and announced various incentives to attract foreign direct investment (FDI) to the country. However, the outcome has not been satisfactory due to several political and economic factors. This paper explores the relationship between security, economic growth and FDI in Afghanistan, using ARDL model. The paper covers a period from 2002 to 2016. The empirical results of this study show that there is a negative long-term relationship between security and FDI. Hence, the author concludes that, to attract FDI to the country, insuring security should be the top priority of the government of Afghanistan.

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