scholarly journals Study of Ballast Track Dynamic Behavior Evaluation Comparative Analysis According to the On-Site Laying of Rectangular-Parallelepiped Fiber Reinforcement Sack

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
Young-Man Cha ◽  
Ki-Young Eum ◽  
Ja-Yeon Kim ◽  
KookHwan Cho
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Rectangular Parallelepiped ◽  
Reinforcing Effect ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Dynamic Movement ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Ballast Track

The roadbed reinforcement method using cuboidal fiber reinforcement is an eco-friendly method that compensates for the shortcomings of various existing roadbed reinforcement technologies. A rectangular parallelepiped fiber reinforcement was installed in section oo of the existing line where fine-grained gravel, floating sleepers, and sleeper cracks occurred. The basic physical property test of the upper subgrade was conducted, and the vertical displacement and acceleration of rails and sleepers were compared and analyzed according to the train operation of the reinforced and non-reinforced sections. A comparative analysis of the vertical displacement and acceleration according to train operation after laying the rectangular parallelepiped fiber reinforcement demonstrated that the vertical displacement and acceleration were reduced by up to 84% and 80%, respectively. The dynamic movement of the rail was reduced owing to the reinforcing effect of the rectangular parallelepiped reinforcement, thereby improving the roadbed bearing capacity and stability.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Support Stiffness Based on On-Site Laying of Rectangular Parallelepiped Fiber Reinforcement Sack

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Yoon-Sik Park ◽  
Ja-Yeon Kim ◽  
Ki-Young Eum ◽  
KookHwan Cho
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Rectangular Parallelepiped ◽  
Train Speed ◽  
Comparison And Analysis ◽  
Large Scale Tests

The roadbed reinforcement method, in which a rectangular parallelepiped fiber reinforcement sack is used, is ecofriendly and overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional roadbed reinforcement method. Through large-scale tests, the effects of improving the bearing capacity, stability, and constructability according to the train speed were confirmed. Physical property investigations of the field test were conducted to analyze the conditions of the roadbed. The settlement degree of the site, where the reinforced section and unreinforced section were placed, was measured and analyzed. A rectangular parallelepiped fiber reinforcement sack was laid. Based on the physical properties determined during the field tests, this section was found to be soft ground composed of silt sand with a low bearing capacity. In addition, through comparison and analysis of the degree of settlement caused by the laying of rectangular parallelepiped fiber reinforcement sack, the dynamic vertical displacement of rails and sleepers decreased by at least 84%. It was shown that the track stability improved when the rectangular-parallelepiped fiber reinforcement sack was laid, which reduced the dynamic behavior along and improved the track support.

The Organization of Expert Activism: Shadow Mobilization in Two Social Movements*

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Frickel ◽  
Rebekah Torcasso ◽  
Annika Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Alternative Agriculture ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Systematic Data ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Knowledge Based

The organization of expert activism is a problem of increasing importance for social movement organizers and scholars alike. Yet the relative invisibility of expert activists within social movements makes them difficult to systematically identify and study. This article offers two related ways forward. First, we advance a theory of “shadow mobilization” to explain the organization of expert activism in the broader context of proliferating risk and intensifying knowledge-based conflict. Second, we introduce a new methodological approach for collecting systematic data on members of this difficult-to-reach population. Findings from comparative analysis of expert activists in the environmental justice movement in Louisiana and the alternative agriculture movement in Washington reveal both important commonalities and fine-grained differences, suggesting that shadow mobilizations are strategic collective responses to cumulative risk in contemporary society.

ON ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF BALLASTLESS TRACK STRUCTURE EFFICIENCY

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ludmila Andreyeva ◽  
Yevgeniy Svintsov ◽  
Yelena Tarasevich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ballast Track ◽  
The Given

Objective: To describe the regulation of railroad traffic parameters in modern conditions, that lead to the necessity of putting into operation the new systems of track design, relevant for regulations in question. Methods: The method of matching, as well as the method of comparative analysis was applied in the study. Results: The advantages and disadvantages of ballastless track structure and conventional ballast track design were compared. The possibility of extensive application of ballastless track structure on modern railroads was analyzed. Practical importance: Ballastless track structure implementation will make it possible to solve practical tasks of using the given type of track design in transport construction.

Privacy Preservation in Smart Grid Environment

2019 ◽  
pp. 158-182
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aminu Lawal ◽  
Syed Raheel Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Smart Grid ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Privacy Preservation ◽  
User Privacy ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Comparison Table

Smart grids are conceived to ensure smarter generation, transmission, distribution, and consumption of electricity. It integrates the traditional electricity grid with information and communication technology. This enables a two-way communication among the smart grid entities, which translates to exchange of information about fine-grained user energy consumption between the smart grid entities. However, the flow of user energy consumption data may lead to the violation of user privacy. Inference on such data can expose the daily habits and types of appliances of users. Thus, several privacy preservation schemes have been proposed in the literature to ensure the privacy and security requirements of smart grid users. This chapter provides a review of some privacy preservation schemes. The schemes operational procedure, strengths, and weaknesses are discussed. A taxonomy, comparison table, and comparative analysis are also presented. The comparative analysis gives an insight on open research issues in privacy preservation schemes.

Investigation on Closure Temperature of Long-Span Pre-Stressed Concrete Continuous Rigid-Frame Bridge

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1325-1328
Author(s):  
Xiang Sheng Liao ◽  
Tian Liang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Closure Temperature ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge ◽  
Rigid Frame ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
Rigid Frame Bridge

Based on a long-span pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge, the Chaoyangsi bridge, the influence on stress and deformation of the girder caused by different closure temperature was analyzed. With the aided platform Midas/Civil, comparative analysis of three different closure temperatures was carried on to determine the reasonable one. It is concluded that different closure temperature has important influence on girder stress, but the most dangerous stress combination of girder under serviceability limit state could be taken as remain the same. Though different closure temperature has little influence on the displacement of girder, it is recommended to pay highly attention to the influence on the mid-span vertical displacement when doing the formwork. And finally this article puts forward some effective measures to prevent and reduce the temperature effect.

Comparative Evaluation of Particle Movement in a Ballast Track Structure Stabilized with Biaxial and Multiaxial Geogrids

2017 ◽  
Vol 2607 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shushu Liu ◽  
Hai Huang ◽  
Tong Qiu ◽  
Jayhyun Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Vertical Displacement ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
Wireless Devices ◽  
Particle Movement ◽  
Railroad Track ◽  
Confining Effect ◽  
Ballast Track ◽  
Track Substructure

Geogrids usually are used in railroad track substructure for ballast reinforcement and stabilization over a weak subgrade. Different aperture shapes affect the confining effect on ballast particles due to the unique interlocking mechanism. To understand the effect of aperture shape on ballast particle movement and the associated interlocking mechanism, three types of ballast box tests were conducted: one without geogrid as a control, one with a layer of biaxial geogrid, and one with a layer of multiaxial geogrid. If a geogrid was included, the geogrid was placed 30 cm below the top of the ballast. A half-section of a railroad track structure consisting of two crossties, a rail, ballast, subballast, and subgrade was constructed in a ballast box. Four wireless devices known as SmartRocks were embedded under the rail seat and under the shoulder at the ballast–subballast and subballast–subgrade interfaces. Results indicate that the multiaxial geogrid significantly decreased accumulated vertical displacement in the ballast surface under cyclic loading and has the best potential for confining particle movement. The advantages of having a layer of multiaxial geogrid, including reducing particle movement, as well as decreasing vertical displacement of the ballast surface, are discussed.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE DISPERSE REINFORCEMENT OF FINE-GRAINED CONCRETE WITH FIBERS OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-94
Author(s):  
Al'bina Baranova ◽  
Margarita Badenikova ◽  
Anna Bobrova ◽  
Kristina Rudyh
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Disperse Reinforcement

The article presents the technological features of the disperse reinforcement of finegrained concrete fiber reinforcement, made of different materials.

scholarly journals An Efficient Residual-Based Method for Railway Image Dehazing

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 6204
Author(s):  
Qinghong Liu ◽  
Yong Qin ◽  
Zhengyu Xie ◽  
Zhiwei Cao ◽  
Limin Jia
Keyword(s):  
Superior Performance ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Image Dehazing ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Full Reference ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Train Operation ◽  
Block Based ◽  
High Level ◽  
Residual Block

Trains shuttle in semiopen environments, and the surrounding environment plays an important role in the safety of train operation. The weather is one of the factors that affect the surrounding environment of railways. Under haze conditions, railway monitoring and staff vision could be blurred, threatening railway safety. This paper tackles image dehazing for railways. The contributions of this paper for railway video image dehazing are as follows: (1) this paper proposes an end-to-end residual block-based haze removal method that consists of two subnetworks, namely fine-grained and coarse-grained network can directly generate the clean image from input hazy image, called RID-Net (Railway Image Dehazing Network). (2) The combined loss function (per-pixel loss and perceptual loss functions) is proposed to achieve both low-level features and high-level features so to generate the high-quality restored images. (3) We take the full-reference criterion (PSNR&SSIM), object detection, running time, and sensory vision to evaluate the proposed dehazing method. Experimental results on railway synthesized dataset, benchmark indoor dataset, and real-world dataset demonstrate our method has superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

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