ON ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF BALLASTLESS TRACK STRUCTURE EFFICIENCY

2017 ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Ludmila Andreyeva ◽  
Yevgeniy Svintsov ◽  
Yelena Tarasevich
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ballast Track ◽  
The Given

Objective: To describe the regulation of railroad traffic parameters in modern conditions, that lead to the necessity of putting into operation the new systems of track design, relevant for regulations in question. Methods: The method of matching, as well as the method of comparative analysis was applied in the study. Results: The advantages and disadvantages of ballastless track structure and conventional ballast track design were compared. The possibility of extensive application of ballastless track structure on modern railroads was analyzed. Practical importance: Ballastless track structure implementation will make it possible to solve practical tasks of using the given type of track design in transport construction.

scholarly journals Railway superstructure for high-speed rails

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Lukáš Týfa ◽  
Jan Kruntorád ◽  
Ondřej Tomaschko
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Track Geometry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Present Experience ◽  
Long Time

The construction of the track is solved as a conventional (with track ballast) or as a ballastless track (without track ballast). When deciding on the choice of the most suitable track design for high-speed rail, it is necessary to emphasize that with increasing line speed, the requirements for the quality of the track geometry increase, including the size of the deviations of individual geometric parameters of the track from the projected values. When assessing the choice of track structure – especially for high-speed rails – it is therefore necessary and correct to assess the total costs (investment and operational) for a sufficiently long time. DB Netz AG’s present experience with a ballastless track since its first implementation in 1972 in Rheda station, for almost 50 years, shows that the required lifetime of 60 years has its real justification. In addition, current research and development in the field of ballastless track is moving towards extending the life of ballastless track well beyond this limit. The paper is focused on the comparison a ballasted and ballastless track construction. It deals in more detail with evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of a ballastless track construction. The main objective is to assess the use of ballastless track structure for the construction of high-speed lines.

METHODS OF TESTING RING SAMPLES MADE OF PLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS USED IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY AND THE ESTIMATED EVALUATION OF THEIR EFFECTIVENESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Mikhail Mikhailovich Polovin ◽  
Egor Vadimovich Nazarov ◽  
Evgeniy Vasilyevich Zhuravlev ◽  
Denis Sergeevich Shavelkin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Plastic Composite ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given

In relation to the increase in the proportion of composite materials used in the design of modern aircraft, the most acute issue is the issue of confirming the characteristics of materials during their testing. In this paper, the methods of testing composite materials used in the elements of the glider design are analyzed, and the estimated assessment of the methods analyzed is made.Within the limits of the given work the comparative analysis of existing and perspective methods of carrying out of tests of ring samples from composite materials for the purpose of an estimation of their efficiency regarding definition of mechanical properties is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are determined.

Agrarian receipts as a tool for the structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agrarian business of the region

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-53
Author(s):  
Yuliia Nehoda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Business Entities

The subject of the research – is a set of organizational-economic relations arising in the process of structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business. The purpose of the article is a retrospective analysis of structural transformations of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business, evaluation of the effectiveness and feasibility of the introduction of agricultural receipts as a new instrument of lending to the agricultural business of the regions. Methodology of work – system-structural and comparative analyzes (to determine the effectiveness of the crediting mechanism according to the agricultural receipts of the farmers of the region); monographic (when studying the problems of the functioning of the mechanism of lending to agrarians by agrarian receipts) economic analysis (when carrying out a comparative analysis of the mechanism of classical bank lending to the agrarian business and the mechanism of lending to agrarians according to agrarian receipts); modeling and forecasting (when determining ways to overcome the existing deficiencies in the mechanism of lending to agrarian business entities of the region according to agrarian receipts). The results of the work – a retrospective analysis of the structural transformation of financial and credit relations in the agricultural business was carried out. The mechanism of crediting agrarians according to agrarian receipts and the scale of its distribution in the agrarian business of the region are considered. A comparative analysis of the mechanism of classical bank lending to the agrarian business and the mechanism of lending to agrarians according to agrarian receipts was carried out. In the framework of the pilot project “Agrarian receipts in Ukraine” of the international financial corporation (IFC) in partnership with the Swiss Confederation in Ukraine, the example of the Poltava region defined the effectiveness of the crediting mechanism according to the agrarian receipts of the agrarians of the region. The advantages and disadvantages of the mechanism of crediting the subjects of the agrarian business on agrarian receipts are noted. The ways to overcome the existing shortcomings of the mechanism of crediting the subjects of the agrarian business of the region according to agricultural receipts are determined. Conclusions – according to the results of the conducted research, the effectiveness of the mechanism of lending to the agricultural business of the regions according to agricultural receipts was proved, its advantages and disadvantages were noted, and attention was also focused. Proposed in Art. 7 of Law No. 5479-VI clearly delineate cases and restrictions on the debtor’s reimbursement of expenses incurred by the lender with the acquisition of the right to grow and harvest the pledged crop of agricultural products, which will ensure the principle of equality of parties on economic benefits and distribution of credit risks according to agricultural receipts.

Research of methods of protecting organizations from inimical mergers and acquisitions

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
O.A. Naydis ◽  
I.O. Naydis
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Preventive Methods

The article considers the types, forms, mechanisms and classification of mergers and acquisitions, identifies their positive effects, and studies the tactics of acquisitions. The analysis of anti-capture measures: active and preventive methods of protection against hostile mergers and acquisitions. A comparative analysis of anti-capture measures with acquisitions tactics was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of their application were identified.

ON COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION METHODS OF MULTI-PUMP UNITS

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
A.I. Glushchenko ◽  
M.Yu. Serov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Control System ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Online Optimization ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

В статье рассматривается вопрос совершенствования системы управления параллельно-работающими насосными агрегатами с целью повышения энергоэффективности их работы. Проведено сравнение и выявление недостатков существующих методов решения рассматриваемой проблемы. Предложена идея нового подхода на базе онлайн оптимизации. The problem under consideration is improvement of the energy efficiency of a control system of parallel-running pump units. Known methods used to solve this problem are considered. Their advantages and disadvantages are shown. Finally, the idea of a new approach, which is based on online optimization, is proposed.

scholarly journals Mechanical Performance of a Ballastless Track System for the Railway Bridges of High-Speed Lines: Experimental and Numerical Study under Thermal Loading

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2876
Author(s):  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Lingyu Zhou ◽  
Akim D. Mahunon ◽  
Guangchao Zhang ◽  
Xiusheng Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Ballastless Track ◽  
Track System ◽  
Girder Bridge ◽  
Track Slab

The mechanical performance of China Railway Track System type II (CRTS II) ballastless track suitable for High-Speed Railway (HSR) bridges is investigated in this project by testing a one-quarter-scaled three-span specimen under thermal loading. Stress analysis was performed both experimentally and numerically, via finite-element modeling in the latter case. The results showed that strains in the track slab, in the cement-emulsified asphalt (CA) mortar and in the track bed, increased nonlinearly with the temperature increase. In the longitudinal direction, the zero-displacement section between the track slab and the track bed was close to the 1/8L section of the beam, while the zero-displacement section between the track slab and the box girder bridge was close to the 3/8L section. The maximum values of the relative vertical displacement between the track bed and the bridge structure occurred in the section at three-quarters of the span. Numerical analysis showed that the lower the temperature, the larger the tensile stresses occurring in the different layers of the track structure, whereas the higher the temperature, the higher the relative displacement between the track system and the box girder bridge. Consequently, quantifying the stresses in the various components of the track structure resulting from sudden temperature drops and evaluating the relative displacements between the rails and the track bed resulting from high-temperature are helpful in the design of ballastless track structures for high-speed railway lines.

scholarly journals What Do Those Cohabiting Believe about Relationship Social Support and Premarital Counseling? A Comparative Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
Jennifer McGhee ◽  
Brandon Burr ◽  
Allison Vanrosendale ◽  
Deisy Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Human Ecology ◽  
Premarital Counseling ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Family Practitioners ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Relationship Success ◽  
The Relationship

Relationship researchers have long studied factors that boost or detract from relationship success. Social support and premarital counseling are factors that have been shown to boost relationship satisfaction and relationship success. However, little is known about how relationship status may influence attitudes toward social support and premarital counseling. Using a human ecology lens, this study explores the relationship between relationship status and attitudes toward social support and premarital counseling from a sample of 385 individuals. Implications for family practitioners and future researchers are provided based on study results.

The Calculation of the Supporting Stress of Track Plate in Ballastless High-Speed Rail Structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Quan Mei Gong ◽  
Mei Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Moving Load ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Track Structure ◽  
Beam Model ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Slab Track ◽  
Ballastless Track

The slab track is a new sort of track structure, which has been widely used in high-speed rail and special line for passenger. However, the ballastless track structure design theory is still not perfect and can not meet the requirements of current high-speed rail and passenger line ballastless track. In this paper, composite beam method is used to calculate the deflection of the track plate and in this way the vertical supporting stress distribution of the track plate can be gotten which set a basis for the follow-up study of the dynamic stress distribution in the subgrade. Slab track plate’s bearing stress under moving load is analyzed through Matlab program. By calculation and analysis, it is found that the deflection of track plate and the rail in the double-point-supported finite beam model refers to the rate of spring coefficient of the fastener and the mortar.The supporting stress of the rail plate is inversely proportional to the supporting stress of the rail. The two boundary conditions of that model ,namely, setting the end of the model in the seams of the track plate or not , have little effect on the results. We can use the supporting stress of the track plates on state 1to get the distribution of the supporting stress in the track plate when bogies pass. Also, when the dynamic load magnification factor is 1.2, the track plate supporting stress of CRST I & CRST II-plate non-ballasted structure is around 40kPa.

Poverty in the European Union and in Russia: A comparative analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-717
Author(s):  
Eka R. ERMAKOVA ◽  
Dar'ya V. VASHURKINA
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Poverty Measurement ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Economic Science ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Monetary Approach ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Absolute

Subject. The article considers and compares methods used in the European and domestic practice for determining the poverty line. Objectives. Our aim is to underpin the need to abandon the absolute approach to determining the poverty line in Russia in favor of relative approaches. Methods. We employ general scientific methods of cognition (comparison, analysis, and synthesis) and special methods of economic science (rationed assessments). The data of the Federal State Statistics Service and its territorial bodies, the Statistical Office of the European Communities, etc. serve as the information base of the study. Results. The paper shows the failure of the absolute approach to poverty measurement, reveals its shortcomings, determines that it distorts the picture of economic reality in the study of poverty. We apply the European monetary approach to poverty measurement. The comparative analysis of poverty rates in Western Europe and in Russia confirms the existence of extreme forms of poverty, both in developed European States and in our country. The paper uses the ‘zone theory’ to assess the severity of poverty in Russia; the actual values of these indicators in Western Europe serve as thresholds. Conclusions. The use of the relative monetary approach to measure poverty in the country gives a more accurate idea. Since 2021, Russia has switched to a similar method of calculating the subsistence rate and the minimum wage. Hence, the officially recorded level of poverty in the country will increase, and this will require additional measures to support the poor by the State.

THE CENTRAL ASIAN ECONOMY DURING THE PANDEMIC: AN ANALYSIS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS SUPPORT STRATEGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 058-067
Author(s):  
Aiganym ISSENOVA
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Support ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Asian Economy ◽  
Tax Holidays

This paper examines public policy towards small and medium-sized enterprises in the Central Asian countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A study of analytical surveys for 2020 and 2021 produced by international organizations (such as the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, KPMG, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), as well as of legal and regulatory documents and strategic programs adopted in the countries of Central Asia during the coronavirus pandemic, has made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of government decisions regarding business and to analyze public strategies for supporting small and medium-sized enterprises. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the potential for economic recovery in the Central Asian countries is directly dependent on the measures taken by their governments to maintain and support the business sector. In particular, the study results show that the main business support tools during the coronavirus pandemic are mechanisms such as tax holidays for businesses, soft loans, loan restructuring and refinancing, and administrative support measures.

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