Graphene Oxide Catalyzed Synthesis of Fused Chromeno Spiro Pyrrolidine Oxindoles via Tandem Decarboxylation and 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition

A short and efficient multicomponent sequence for synthesizing fused novel polyheterocyclic chromeno spiro-pyrrolidine oxindoles via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction mediated by reactive azomethine ylides catalyzed by the Graphene Oxide (GO) is reported herein. This approach was utilized for synthesizing fused polyheterocyclic spiro-pyrrolothiazole and spiro-pyrrole oxindoles with yields ranging from good to excellent. A heterogeneous GO catalyst with an ultra-low catalytic loading of 0.05 wt% could proficiently catalyze the reaction without the formation of any side products and can also be visualized by the formation of solid mass in the reaction flask. The methodology is green in nature and the products were isolated by simple filtration without the use of any chromatographic techniques.

Efek Kecemasan terhadap Peningkatan Tekanan Darah Penderita Pre OP ORIF

ORIF surgery is a difficult experience for nearly all patients because ORIF surgery can affect pain, the chances of disabled and dependent on others. Often the patient shows excessive attitude with anxiety they experienced related to all kinds of surgical procedures, excessive attitude of the patient in the form of anxiety is most likely to affect blood pressure. This research aims to know the relationship of the level of anxiety with increased blood pressure patients pre op ORIF. Methods the study was Correlation. As for the technique used is the purposive sampling with the sample as much as 6 respondents. Measuring instrument of data collection using a modification of the HARS questionnaire and tensimeter mercury. The research results obtained there is a relationship between anxiety level of blood pressure in patients with pre op ORIF. With evidence of the 6 respondents in the light level of anxiety (33.3%) have an average of 125 mmHg Sistole blood pressure and 85 mmHg Diastole, the anxiety of being (16.7%) had an average blood pressure of 140 mmHg Sistole Diastole and 90 mmHg and anxiety reaction flask 50.0%) weight (having blood pressure 160 mmHg Sistole Diastole and 93,3 mmHg.The conclusions of this research is that the level of anxiety affect blood pressure, the higher the score, the more anxiety increase Sistole Diastole and blood pressure. Therefore before operating actions done ORIF should give health workers counseling about surgical procedures to patients to reduce anxiety so it does not raise blood pressure.; Key Words: Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Pre Op ORIF

Water-Based Route to Synthesis of High-Quality UV-Blue Photoluminescing ZnSe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots and their Physicochemical Characterization

Epitaxially overgrowing a semiconductor material with higher bandgap around the QDs has proven to be a crucial approach for improving the PL efficiency and stability of nanocrystals. In this paper, a ZnS shell was deposited around ZnSe nanocrystal cores via a noninjection approach in aqueous media. The deposition procedure conducted at 100°C in a reaction flask in the presence of the shell precursor compounds, together with the crude ZnSe nanocrystal cores and the thiol ligand glutathione. The influences of various experimental variables, including the reaction time, amount of thiourea, as well as pH value, on the growth rate and luminescent properties of the obtained core/shell nanocrystals have been systematically investigated. In comparison with the original ZnSe nanocrystals, the PL efficiency of the obtained ZnSe/ZnS core/shell nanostructures can be improved significantly with a QY up to 62.8%.

Conductive single nanowires formed and analysed on microfluidic devices

In this work, we studied the formation of fibres and particles made of metal salts and derivatives of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) on a microfluidic device and in a conventional reaction flask, and characterized their morphologies, optical properties and electrical conductivities.

Palmitic acid oxidation and incorporation into triglyceride by needle liver biopsy specimens from control subjects and patients with alcoholic fatty liver disease

1. A micro-technique was developed to measure fatty acid oxidation in vitro and to investigate its possible derangement in alcoholic fatty liver disease. 2. Percutaneous liver biopsy specimens were obtained from nine control subjects and 28 alcoholic patients with mild to severe fatty liver. Fresh tissue (10–15 mg) was incubated at 37°C for 90 min in a sealed reaction flask containing 1.92 mmol/l [l-14C]palmitic acid (1–2 μCi) and 1% essentially fatty acid free albumin in Krebs-Henseleit buffer, pH 7.4. Radiolabelled CO2 and perchloric acid-soluble ketone bodies were isolated and counted. 3. CO2 production was markedly reduced in alcoholic patients with mild and severe fatty liver compared with controls. This depression was reversed by the addition of malate to the reaction flask but not by carnitine or coenzyme A. 4. Ketone body production was similar in controls and patients with mild and severe fatty liver. 5. After the incubation in vitro, the tissue was extracted with chloroform/methanol and the triglyceride fraction isolated by thin layer chromatography and counted for radioactivity. The rate of palmitic acid incorporation into triglyceride was higher in alcoholic patients, particularly those with severe fatty infiltration, compared with controls. 6. It is suggested that alcoholic fatty liver is accompanied by a progressive reduction in palmitic acid oxidation with the major defect occurring in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. In contrast, the rate of palmitic acid esterification into ‘triglyceride is enhanced.

Field Screening Method for Above-Tolerance Residues of Dithiocarbamate Fungicides

A field screening method has been developed for detecting above-tolerance residues of dithiocarbamate (DTC) fungicides on fruits and vegetables. A harvested crop might be condemned as unfit for market if above-tolerance DTC residues are present; however, by using this screening method, a grower might be able to postpone harvesting a crop until the screening test indicates that residues have dissipated below the tolerance level. The method depends on carbon disulfide generated from DTC fungicides at an elevated temperature into the headspace gas above the contents of a septum-sealed reaction flask, with hydrochloric acid and stannous chloride present. The syringe-withdrawn, headspace carbon disulfide then reacts with the appropriate chromophore reagent already in the syringe. The lower limit of detectability is about 2 ppm DTC fungicide from 30 g chopped crop. A single test can be completed in about 90 min; the average time per test when several are conducted sequentially is considerably shorter.

Simplified Apparatus for Determination of Mercury by Atomic Absorption and Inductively Coupled Plasma Emission Spectroscopy

A simplified apparatus has been applied to the determination of mercury by cold vapor generation. The equipment consists of a reaction flask incorporating a side arm in which a rubber septum is mounted. A sample solution is injected from a syringe through the rubber septum into the reaction flask, where it is mixed with a stannous chloride reducing solution. The elemental mercury generated is then swept with a carrier gas to the inductively coupled plasma (ICP), an absorption cell of an atomic absorption spectrometer, or a nondispersive UV monitor for determination. Detection limits were 0.00.9 and 0.005 μg with atomic absorption and the UV monitor, respectively, and 0.09 μg with the ICP. Repeatability of the procedure was 1.4% at 0.66 μg injected mercury with the ICP and 5.2% at 0.45 μg injected with atomic absorption. Tuna and halibut samples fortified with from 0.09 to 1.31 μg mercury/g were analyzed by the AOAC official method and the procedure described here. The average mercury recovery was 103% with the ICP, and 99% with the UV monitor and with atomic absorption. The procedure is free from interference by elements commonly present in biological material.