Features of occupational diseases at a large industrial enterprise at the present stage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Shapoval
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Quality Certification

The analysis of occupational morbidity at the enterprises of the machine-building industry of the region is carried out. In recent years, there has been a sharp decrease in occupational diseases at machine-building enterprises. So, in 2015, 187 cases were established, which amounted to 68.2% of all established cases, in 2020 – only 2 cases (6.3%). The level of occupational morbidity does not reflect the true situation. Incomplete identification of patients with occupational pathology is associated with the negative attitude of the employer to the establishment of occupational diseases in employees, poor-quality certification of workplaces. Key words: occupational diseases, risk factors, working conditions, structure.

About the reasons of low detection of occupational diseases in the Republic of Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 578-578
Author(s):  
E. T. Valeyeva ◽  
A. B. Bakirov ◽  
E. R. Shaikhlislamova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic

Against the background of the continuing deterioration of working conditions and poor quality of periodic medical checkups conducted in the Republic of Bashkortostan, a sharp decrease in the registered occupational morbidity from 180 cases in 2013 to 37 cases in 2018 is observed.

scholarly journals Some aspects of studying the health risk of members of crews of marine vessels

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
A. A. Bogdanov ◽  
V. V. Voronov ◽  
E. S. Zagarov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Marine Vessels

Purpose: to study the acceptability of health risk factors of members of crews for shipbuilding purposes.Materials and methods. The data on occupational pathology of seafarers over the period 2009–2018 were analyzed. The primary incidence of the adult population of nine coastal regions was studied. A survey was conducted on discomfort of working conditions, habitability factors of 174 crew members of vessels of 3 types.Results and discussion. There is no records about occupational diseases of sailors over the past decade. The procedure for conducting a survey on the levels of discomfort of crew members is proposed.Conclusion. In a simplified model of the vessel operation, it is possible to use the average discomfort values of the prototypes of crew members as preliminary indicators of the object’s effectiveness in terms of habitability.

scholarly journals The influence of the level of illumination of workplaces on working conditions (on the example of the Republic of Kazakhstan)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200
Author(s):  
R. B. Shirvanov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Artificial Illumination ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Questionnaire Method ◽  
Industrial Injuries ◽  
Efficiency And Productivity

The problem of industrial injuries and occupational diseases of workers is relevant for all countries, including the Republic of Kazakhstan, where more than 200 people die every year and more than 2,000 are injured at workplaces due to hazardous and harmful production factors, including insufficient natural or artificial illumination of workplaces. The aim of the work is to study the level of illumination of workplaces at enterprises of the Republic of Kazakhstan and to establish the influence of this factor on the working conditions. The object of the study is workplaces and employees of one of the largest machine-building plants, where 60 employees were interviewed, and instrumental measurements of illumination levels were performed in two workshops. The questionnaire method and methods for assessing workplaces by the level of illumination were used. The analysis showed that the largest number of surveyed workers (58.4%) were not satisfied with the level of illumination; according to the instrumental measurements of illumination, 40.9% and 46.6% of workplaces were harmful and dangerous. Employees working under harmful conditions are entitled to a number of benefits and compensations. Thus, the creation of rational working conditions, including illumination of workplaces, helps to minimize injuries and occupational diseases and increase the efficiency and productivity of labor. 

About the role of working conditions in the occurrence of reproductive ' health disorders in engineering workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 556-556
Author(s):  
L. A. Balabanova ◽  
A. A. Imamov ◽  
S. K. Kamaev
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
The Impact

The impact of production factors on the reproductive health of machine-building workers is assessed. With the use of socio-hygienic, biochemical and Statistical methods, the risk factors that significantly affect the formation of reproductive health disorders of engineering workers are determined. Preventive measures have been developed.

OCCUPATIONAL MORBIDITY IN THE SAMARA REGION AND ITS TRENDS DURING THE PANDEMIC OF THE NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Babanov ◽  
◽  
I.I. Berezin ◽  
A.K. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Abstract. Introduction. Currently, the preservation and strengthening of the health of the working population is one of the priority tasks of healthcare in the Russian Federation, including in the Samara region. Up to 39.7% of the able-bodied population of the country works in conditions that do not meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. Unsatisfactory working conditions are the main cause of the development of occupational diseases among the working population in the Samara region. Objective: to assess working conditions and occupational morbidity in the Samara region, the causes of low detection of occupational diseases. Methods: methods of sanitary and hygienic monitoring of working conditions at enterprises of the Samara region and statistical analysis of occupational morbidity were used in the work. Results: In the Samara region, when assessing working conditions at industrial enterprises, according to the data of the territorial department of Rospotrebnadzor, 76 (2.72%) objects from those under control were classified as extremely high risk objects, 287 (10.27%) high risk, 926 (33.14%) significant risk, 1236 (44.24%) medium risk, 265 (9.49%) moderate risk, 4 (0.14%) low risk. Unsatisfactory working conditions are the main cause of the development of occupational diseases. Thus, 451 cases of occupational diseases and poisoning have been registered in the Samara region over the past 3 years: in 2020 – 107 cases, of which women have 62 cases (57.94%), in 2019 – 128 cases, of which 47 cases in women (36.7%), in 2018 – 216 cases, of which 63 cases in women (29.2%). Conclusions: Working conditions at a significant number of enterprises in the Samara region do not meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. The state of conditions in the Samara region does not always reflect the levels of occupational morbidity at work, including due to the poor quality of periodic medical examinations. In the structure of nosological forms of occupational diseases in the Samara region in 2020, the first place is occupied by diseases associated with the effects of biological factors – 42.99% (including due to cases, including fatal cases of new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in medical workers), the second – physical factors (33.64%), the third – industrial aerosols (10.28%), the fourth – chemical factors (5.61%), the fifth place was occupied by diseases associated with physical overload and overstrain of individual organs and systems – 4.67%, on allergic diseases are in sixth place – 2.80%.

scholarly journals Improving the methodology for assessing occupational risk in workers under the influence of physical factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (9) ◽  
pp. 975-979
Author(s):  
Alla V. Zheglova
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Early Signs

Introduction. One of the main factors shaping the health of the working population is occupation conditions. According to official statistics, about a quarter of employees are exposed to production factors that do not meet sanitary standards. Materials and methods. A study of the working conditions and health of workers of the leading professional groups of mining and mechanical engineering enterprises, including an assessment of the occupational doses of noise and vibration, was conducted; morbidity with a temporary disability (TDA), occupational morbidity, clinical and laboratory indicators, including the leading indicators of hemodynamics, integral indicators of the cardiovascular system, the rate of acceleration of ageing, types of adaptive reactions of the body, the analysis of endothelin concentration, the state of the antioxidant status and lipid spectrum, indicators of rheovasography and stimulation electroneuromyography of the extremities, bone-dystrophic changes according to radiography and ultrasound bone sonometry, psychological testing data. Results. The main harmful factors of working conditions of workers of the leading professional groups of mining and machine-building enterprises are noise, vibration (general and local), and the labour process’s severity. According to the results of the analysis of the incidence of TDA, diseases of risk at all studied enterprises are the pathology of the respiratory and musculoskeletal systems. The first rank place in the structure of occupational pathology is occupied by vibration disease. An increase in the integral indicators of the cardiovascular system activity, characterizing the tension of adaptive mechanisms in the group of trained workers, was revealed. According to the study, the characteristic early signs of markers of the risk of developing occupational diseases are an increase in the concentration of endothelin and a decrease in the rate of excitation along with the motor and sensory fibres of the peripheral nerves. Conclusion. Based on the results obtained, prevention and rehabilitation programs have been developed, taking into account the calculated probationary doses of noise and vibration, the detected early signs of occupational diseases, aimed at preventing the development of health disorders and restoring damaged functions in workers exposed to physical factors of the production environment.

scholarly journals Research of influence of working conditions on workers in foundries

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
A. M. Lasarenkov
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Machine Building ◽  
Occupational Illness ◽  
Vibration Disease ◽  
Auditory Organ ◽  
Building Enterprises

The working conditions of workers in foundries and their impact on occupational illness are considered. The results of the distribution of occupational diseases in the casting departments and according to professions working in foundries are given. It was found that the working conditions of foundrymen lead to such occupational diseases as silicosis and dust bronchitis, vibration disease and neuritis of the auditory organ. It is noted that about 60% of vibration disease, about 40% of neuritis of the auditory organ, about 80% of silicosis and dust bronchitis from the total number of similar occupational diseases in machine-building enterprises account for workers in foundries.

Influence of negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety on motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
I. P. Danilov ◽  
N. I. Vlakh ◽  
V. I. Gugushvili ◽  
N. Ya. Paneva ◽  
T. D. Logunova
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Type D ◽  
Situational Anxiety ◽  
Personal Anxiety ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
Social Suppression

Introduction. A healthy lifestyle is one of the most eff ective methods of preserving health and preventing non-infectious diseases. The mechanisms and factors that infl uence the formation of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in employees engaged in harmful working conditions have not been suffi ciently studied. The study of these mechanisms will allow us to more eff ectively shape health-saving behavior.The aim of the study is to study negative aff ectivity, social suppression and anxiety in the formation of motivation to maintain health and a healthy lifestyle in coal industry workers.Materials and methods. A survey was conducted of 75 employees of mines and sections in the South of Kuzbass with an established diagnosis of occupational diseases, as well as 54 people who do not work in harmful working conditions (engineering and technical workers). Surveys were conducted using the method “Index of motivation to health and a healthy lifestyle”, the presence of personality type D was conducted using the DS14 questionnaire, the level of personal and situational anxiety was assessed using the Spielberger — Hanin questionnaire.Results. Th e level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle among patients with occupational diseases is signifi cantly lower than the level of motivation for the health of engineering and technical workers. Th e infl uence of negative reaction and social suppression on the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle was not found. Th e level of situational anxiety also has no eff ect on health motivation. A higher level of personal anxiety among people with a high level of motivation for a healthy lifestyle was determined.Conclusions. Personal anxiety aff ects the level of motivation for health and a healthy lifestyle in people with occupational diseases. 

Professional pathology in the production of aluminum in the Kola Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 767-767
Author(s):  
S. A. Syurin ◽  
S. A. Gorbanev
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Scientific Explanation ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Aluminium Production ◽  
First Time

In 2007-2017, 22 occupational diseases were diagnosed for the first time in 18 workers engaged in aluminium production in the Arctic. A marked decrease in occupational morbidity in 2010-2017 was found, which was not associated with changes in working conditions and therefore requires an appropriate scientific explanation.

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