Hydrogen emission in enclosed volume (tunnel for mobility)

Fuel cell vehicles and trains (FCVs) are seen as a viable alternative to fossil fuel-powered vehicles, with the potential to help the automotive and transport industry grow sustainably. Because of their zero emissions, great efficiency, and diverse hydrogen sources, they are an ideal solution to climate change and the global energy issue. In this study, the simulation of releasing hydrogen from a moving vehicle inside a tunnel has been done. For this purpose, two scenarios have been considered. In the first one, it assumed that hydrogen propagates inside a tunnel without ignition and in the second approach, hydrogen released considered to be combusted. The effect of this combustion on the tunnel and train wall has been investigated. For this goal, two different mass flow rates of hydrogen were considered and results were compared together. Moreover, pressure contours have been shown to represent the overpressure phenomenon and it is resulted that in the area of hydrogen dispersion, there will be high pressure.

THE NEW APPLIANCE IS USED FOR CIRCUMCISION

Нами получен патент на полезную модель Республики Казахстан №5782 от 22.01.2021, который с большой эффективностью используется для обрезания крайней плоти. Для отсечения листков крайней плоти применяется устройство для пирографии Stayer, снабженный трансформатором, генерирующий напряжение от 0 до 5 В., с частотой тока 50Гц, мощностью 40Вт., с твердым рабочим наконечником, регулируемым температурой от 450ºС до 750ºС. Применение устройства для пирографии Stayer для обрезания крайней плоти позволяет сократить время оперативного вмешательства, уменьшить травматичность воздействия и улучшить косметический эффект. За 2018-2020 годы было выполнено 500 операций с применением устройства для пирографии Stayer. При этом, среднее время операции составляло 10 минут. У всех детей достигнут хороший непосредственный и отдаленный клинический результат. We have obtained a patent for a utility model of the Republic of Kazakhstan №5782, 22.01.2021., which is used with great efficiency in circumcision of the foreskin. To cut off the foreskin sheets, a Stayer pyrography device is used, equipped with a transformer that generates a voltage from 0 to 5 V., with a current frequency of 50 Hz, a power of 40 W., with a solid working tip, adjustable temperature from 450 ° C to 750 ° C. The use of the Stayer pyrography device for circumcision of the foreskin allows you to reduce the time of surgical intervention, reduce the traumatic impact and improve the cosmetic effect. In 2018-2020, 500 operations were performed using the Stayer pyrography device. The average operation time was 10 minutes. All children achieved a good immediate and long-term clinical outcome.

Characterization of small Brushless motors for unmanned aerial vehicles/ Caracterização de motores Brushless de pequeno porte para veículos aéreos não tripulados

Brushless motors are increasingly present in our lives and to get the best out of them it is important to know their performance. The objective of this work is to create a methodology of experimental characterization of this type of motor. As a methodology, research was done on similar works, it was built a test bench and an acquisition system to obtain the data. The variables measured were: rotation, torque, temperature, current and voltage. In addition to possessing a servo motor that acts like brake prony type to vary the load applied to the system. The results obtained allowed the analysis of the motor performance. It was also possible to design a mathematical model that represents the system, using the information obtained and the equations present in the literature. It was possible to conclude that the bench and the methodology used were valid, and that the ESC (electronic speed controller) is a great efficiency limiter of the motors.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-activating nanoparticles can be employed as a tool for controlled immune activation

Advances in materials and chemistry have helped stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonists deliver nanomedicine, and drug delivery scientists have generated a spate of STING-activating nanocarriers capable of bypassing biological barriers for targeted innate and adaptive immune activation. Using STING-activating nanoparticles in antiviral vaccination has yielded several promising results in preclinical studies, and the strong antiviral humoral and cellular immunity elicited by these particulate adjuvants against HIV, influenza, and coronaviruses justifies the continued development of the platforms against the global infectious threat. STING-activating nanoparticles can be employed in virology and immunology research as a tool for controlled immune activation, as many processes underpinning STING-mediated immunological potency in viral infections are yet unclear. Because many of the nanoparticle platforms used to deliver STING agonists may also be utilized with various molecular adjuvants, these systems may be utilized to examine how diverse innate immune signals impact adaptive immunity production. Combinatorial nanoparticles mixing STING agonists with other molecular adjuvants may further increase antiviral protectivity by synergistically increasing immunological potential. Despite the promise of nanoparticulate vaccines, these synthetic nanoparticles are strikingly absent from COVID-19 vaccine research worldwide talks. Many elements, such as formulation safety, manufacturing scalability, storage, and deployment logistics, must be considered to achieve the enormous potential of the nanoparticulate STING agonists. Reduced synthetic methods and formulation lyophilization are important factors in platform designs to make antiviral vaccines accessible and affordable to poor nations. Nevertheless, the platform's great efficiency and wide use provide promise advances in both fundamental and translational research, opening the way to a deeper knowledge of viral containment and superior approaches.

Acceleration of Hessenberg reduction for nonsymmetric matrix.

The worth of finding a general solution for nonsymmetric eigenvalue problems is specified in many areas of engineering and science computations, such as reducing noise to have a quiet ride in automotive industrial engineering or calculating the natural frequency of a bridge in civil engineering. The main objective of this thesis is to design a hybrid algorithm (based on CPU-GPU) in order to reduce general non-symmetric matrices to Hessenberg form. A new blocks method is used to achieve great efficiency in solving eigenvalue problems and to reduce the execution time compared with the most recent related works. The GPU part of proposed algorithm is thread based with asynchrony structure (based on FFT techniques) that is able to maximize the memory usage in GPU. On a system with an Intel Core i5 CPU and NVIDA GeForce GT 635M GPU, this approach achieved 239.74 times speed up over the CPU-only case when computing the Hessenberg form of a 256 * 256 real matrix. Minimum matrix order (n), which the proposed algorithm supports, is sixteen. Therefore, supporting this matrix size is led to have the large matrix order range.

Acceleration of Hessenberg reduction for nonsymmetric matrix.

The worth of finding a general solution for nonsymmetric eigenvalue problems is specified in many areas of engineering and science computations, such as reducing noise to have a quiet ride in automotive industrial engineering or calculating the natural frequency of a bridge in civil engineering. The main objective of this thesis is to design a hybrid algorithm (based on CPU-GPU) in order to reduce general non-symmetric matrices to Hessenberg form. A new blocks method is used to achieve great efficiency in solving eigenvalue problems and to reduce the execution time compared with the most recent related works. The GPU part of proposed algorithm is thread based with asynchrony structure (based on FFT techniques) that is able to maximize the memory usage in GPU. On a system with an Intel Core i5 CPU and NVIDA GeForce GT 635M GPU, this approach achieved 239.74 times speed up over the CPU-only case when computing the Hessenberg form of a 256 * 256 real matrix. Minimum matrix order (n), which the proposed algorithm supports, is sixteen. Therefore, supporting this matrix size is led to have the large matrix order range.

Direct Electrochemical Reduction of Bicarbonate to Formate Using Tin Catalyst

Nowadays, the self-accelerating increase in global temperatures strengthens the idea that the cutting of CO2 emissions will not be enough to avoid climate change, thus CO2 from the atmosphere must be removed. This gas can be easily trapped by converting it to bicarbonate using hydroxide solutions. However, bicarbonate must be converted into a more valuable product to make this technology profitable. Several studies show great efficiency when reducing bicarbonate solutions saturated with pure CO2 gas to formate. However, those approaches don’t have a real application and our objective was to obtain similar results without pure CO2 saturation. The method consists of electroreduction of the bicarbonate solution using bulk tin (Sn) as catalysts. Tin is a relatively cheap material that, according to previous studies performed in saturated bicarbonate solutions, shows a great selectivity towards formate. The 1H NMR analysis of bicarbonate solutions after electroreduction show that, without pure CO2 gas, the faradic efficiency is around 18% but almost 50% for saturated ones. The formate obtained could be used to power formate/formic acid fuel cells obtaining a battery-like system, with greater energy density than common lithium batteries, but electroreduction efficiency needs to be improved to make them competitive.

Ультразвуковой контроль сварного шва тонкостенной титановой оболочки с индикатором непровара

The work considers the methodology of weld ultrasonic inspection of thin-wall (0.6 mm) titanium alloy shells. The paper also presents a review of publications on Lamb wave excitation and propagation, and on applications of ultrasonic inspection of thin-wall weldments. The problem of adhesion detection was successfully solved (weld zones with incomplete fusion conduct ultrasonic waves well, but do not provide mechanical strength). Angular groove is proposed as an indication of incomplete fusion in the weld. We analyzed different propagation modes of Lamb wave in the material and selected optimum inspection parameters. Wavelet analysis and precise digital filters with small increment provided great efficiency. Inspection results of corrupted weld and defect-free regions were analyzed. The results of ultrasonic scanning were compared to metallographic study data.

High pressure as a novel tool for the cationic ROP of γ-butyrolactone

Well-defined poly(γ-butyrolactone) was synthesized with great efficiency via high pressure assisted cationic ROP of hardly polimerizable γ-butyrolactone.