Parallel signal detection for generalized spatial modulation MIMO systems

Generalized Spatial Modulation is a recently developed technique that is designed to enhance the efficiency of transmissions in MIMO Systems. However, the procedure for correctly retrieving the sent signal at the receiving end is quite demanding. Specifically, the computation of the maximum likelihood solution is computationally very expensive. In this paper, we propose a parallel method for the computation of the maximum likelihood solution using the parallel computing library OpenMP. The proposed parallel algorithm computes the maximum likelihood solution faster than the sequential version, and substantially reduces the worst-case computing times.

A Parallel Method for Open Hole Filling in Large-Scale 3D Automatic Modeling Based on Oblique Photography

Common methods of filling open holes first reaggregate them into closed holes and then use a closed hole filling method to repair them. These methods have problems such as long calculation times, high memory consumption, and difficulties in filling large-area open holes. Hence, this paper proposes a parallel method for open hole filling in large-scale 3D automatic modeling. First, open holes are automatically identified and divided into two categories (internal and external). Second, the hierarchical relationships between the open holes are calculated in accordance with the adjacency relationships between partitioning cells, and the open holes are filled through propagation from the outer level to the inner level with topological closure and height projection transformation. Finally, the common boundaries between adjacent open holes are smoothed based on the Laplacian algorithm to achieve natural transitions between partitioning cells. Oblique photography data from an area of 28 km2 in Dongying, Shandong, were used for validation. The experimental results reveal the following: (i) Compared to the Han method, the proposed approach has a 12.4% higher filling success rate for internal open holes and increases the filling success rate for external open holes from 0% to 100%. (ii) Concerning filling efficiency, the Han method can achieve hole filling only in a small area, whereas with the proposed method, the size of the reconstruction area is not restricted. The time and memory consumption are improved by factors of approximately 4–5 and 7–21, respectively. (iii) In terms of filling accuracy, the two methods are basically the same.

Local and parallel stabilized finite element methods based on full domain decomposition for the stationary Stokes equations

Based upon full domain decomposition, local and parallel stabilized finite element methods for the stationary Stokes equations are proposed and analysed, where the quadratic equal-order finite elements are employed for the velocity and pressure approximations, and a stabilized term based on two local Gauss integrations is used to offset the discrete pressure space to circumvent the discrete inf-sup condition. In the proposed parallel method, all of the computations are performed on the locally refined global grids that are fine around the interested subdomain and coarse elsewhere, making the method easy to implement based on a sequential solver with low communication cost. Stability and optimal error estimates of the present methods are deduced. Numerical results on examples including a problem with known analytic solution, lid-driven cavity flow, backward-facing step flow and flow around a cylinder are given to verify the theoretical predictions and demonstrate the high efficiency of the method. Results show that our parallel method can provide an approximate solution with the convergence rate of the same order as the solution computed by the standard stabilized finite element method, with a substantial reduction in computational time.

Improvement of teacher’s professional competency in strengthening learning methods to maximize curriculum implementation

<span lang="EN-US">The 2013 curriculum which has been implemented for more than six years in Indonesia has many problems in its application. Therefore, we need to conduct empirical research to determine the causes of the ineffective implementation of the 2013 curriculum in schools. This study involved 13 high schools and vocational high schools in the provinces of DKI Jakarta and West Java with a total of 420 students, 26 teachers, and principals as respondents. The research employed mixed parallel method and data analysis using combined analysis of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research found that there are still schools that use two different curricula, 2013 curriculum and school-based curriculum. In implementing the 2013 curriculum, teachers are required to use various learning with a scientific approach that refers to student-centered concepts. There is a need for the training program to improve teachers’ professional competence, especially in the terms of various learning methods mastery.</span>

Solving Ordinary Differential Equation Using Parallel Fourth Order Runge-Kutta Method With Three Processors

This paper presents a derivation of the Runge-Kutta or fourth method with six stages suitable for parallel implementation. Development of a parallel model based on the sparsity structure of the fourth type Runge-Kutta which is divided into three processors. The calculation of the parallel computation model and the sequential model from the accurate side shows that the sequential model is better. However, generally, the parallel method will end the analytic solution by increasing the number of iterations. In terms of execution time, parallel method has advantages over sequential method.

Project Delivery of Goods With Limited Resources and Minimum Time Using Fuzzy Logic Method

In solving the problem of fuzzy application for scheduling delivery of goods with a limited power source and minimal time, the problems that are still not considered in the RCPS problem modeling are the uncertainty characteristics of the parameters of the timing of activities in the delivery project. Even though this can be solved by using the PERT (Project Evaluation and Review Technoloque) method with a probabilistic approach, this technique still ignores the limitations of the supply of resources. Actually, a probabilistic approach can be used, if previously provided data about the experience in completing similar projects. But if the project is a new project or the techniques and methodologies used to complete a new project, such as new techniques and methodologies in software engineering, among others: object-oriented design and programming, computer-aided software design, user interface management systems, fourth generation languages, etc., then the probabilistic approach is not suitable. In this situation, the decision maker must be able to estimate the cost and time duration, of all activities in the project based on existing experience, related to the level of knowledge they have, about new techniques and methodologies to be applied, and the level of human resource expertise. which are available. This method of estimating project costs and time, which is more precise, uses representations in the form of fuzzy numbers, namely fuzzy sets in the set of real numbers that are normal, convex, and closed intervals. The delivery time is modeled as a fuzzy number of LR types IKiri, IKanan, α, β, with three values ​​of α-cuts E = 0.3, L = 0.7, and I = 1.0. The fuzzy transformation model is based on three pairs of inferior and superior values ​​from α-cuts. The priority for scheduling delivery of goods is based on the smallest early start time EST value. Resources are solved by serial and parallel models. The smallest makespan value is used to determine the best solution. Goods delivery settlement uses fuzzy operations, namely arithmetic operations and relation operations. Analysis of the output oftware based on testing with test scenarios (table ^ .50) for some input data shows that the parallel method is better than the serial method. This is indicated by the large difference in makespan value generated from the two methods. Based on input data from a software development project, the serial method gives makespan values ​​in the range between 675.0 and 867.0, while the parallel method gives makespan values ​​in the range between 116.0 and 259.0. The analysis of the output software in a fuzzy Gantt Chart representation shows that an activity can be scheduled with varying degrees of optimism. The degree of optimistic activity scheduling can be graded in linguistic terminology between two extreme pessimistic and optimistic values, namely very pessimistic, pessimistic, slightly pessimistic, slightly optimistic, optimistic, very optomistic.

An efficient and accurate method for obtaining regional scale rice growth conditions based on WOFOST model and satellite images

&lt;p&gt;It is very important to obtain regional crop growth conditions efficiently and accurately in the agricultural field. The data assimilation between crop growth model and remote sensing data is a widely used method for obtaining vegetation growth information. This study aims to present a parallel method based on graphic processing unit (GPU) to improve the efficiency of the assimilation between RS data and crop growth model to estimate rice growth parameters. Remote sensing data, Landsat and HJ-1 images were collected and the World Food Studies (WOFOST) crop growth model which has a strong flexibility was employed. To acquire continuous regional crop parameters in temporal-spatial scale, particle swarm optimization (PSO) data assimilation method was used to combine remote sensing images and WOFOST and this process is accompanied by a parallel method based on the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) platform of NVIDIA GPU. With these methods, we obtained daily rice growth parameters of Zhuzhou City, Hunan, China and compared the efficiency and precision of parallel method and non-parallel method. Results showed that the parallel program has a remarkable speedup (reaching 240 times) compared with the non-parallel program with a similar accuracy. This study indicated that the parallel implementation based on GPU was successful in improving the efficiency of the assimilation between RS data and the WOFOST model and was conducive to obtaining regional crop growth conditions efficiently and accurately.&lt;/p&gt;