Differentiated Uses of Social Networking Platforms among Young People in the Autonomous Region of Madrid

Young people make intensive and varied use of social networks, which depends on individual differences and use motives. This study analyses the different ways in which young people use the main social media platforms and the role that gender, age and social class play in users’ behaviour with a representative sample of young people aged 17–24 in the Community of Madrid (Spain) (N = 533). Women and the youngest people (17–19 years of age) used social networks more consistently. Instagram and Facebook were the most widely used social networks with greater diversity of use in the areas of sociability and entertainment. While women and the younger age group spent more time using Instagram, young people from the upper class and upper-middle class used Facebook more often in a variety of ways. YouTube was used less frequently, and it was used mainly for entertainment purposes. Snapchat played a small role in this segment of the population. We conclude that age and social class play an important role in defining the different ways in which young people in the Region of Madrid use social media, and such influences vary depending on the platform under study and the types of activities being carried out.

About the class of approximation by generalized characters

Given a certain class K1 of algebraic structures. We study a problem of finding a class K2 of algebraic structures such that the class K1 is approximable into K2 with respect to various predicates by generalized characters from K1 to K2. The problem of minimization of approximation is also considered. Some theorems related to the problem of constructing an approximation class are obtained. The problem in question is much more complicated and actual than the approximation problem we have been studying before (see [2]-[6]). The results of the description of the approximation class play an important role in studying the solvability problem of the predicate P in the class of semigroups K. In particular, if the approximation class consists of finite semigroups, then this problem is solved positively. Even more difficult is the problem of determining the necessary conditions that class is an approximation class for a given class K.

Biotechnological Production of Statins: Metabolic Aspects and Genetic Approaches

Statins are drugs used for people with abnormal lipid levels (hyperlipidemia) and are among the best-selling medications in the United States. Thus, the aspects related to the production of these drugs are of extreme importance for the pharmaceutical industry. Herein, we provide a non-exhaustive review of fungal species used to produce statin and highlighted the major factors affecting the efficacy of this process. The current biotechnological approaches and the advances of a metabolic engineer to improve statins production are also emphasized. The biotechnological production of the main statins (lovastatin, pravastatin and simvastatin) uses different species of filamentous fungi, for example Aspergillus terreus. The statins production is influenced by different types of nutrients available in the medium such as the carbon and nitrogen sources, and several researches have focused their efforts to find the optimal cultivation conditions. Enzymes belonging to Lov class, play essential roles in statin production and have been targeted to genetic manipulations in order to improve the efficiency for Lovastatin and Simvastatin production. For instance, Escherichia coli strains expressing the LovD have been successfully used for lovastatin production. Other examples include the use of iRNA targeting LovF of A. terreus. Therefore, fungi are important allies in the fight against hyperlipidemias. Although many studies have been conducted, investigations on bioprocess optimization (using both native or genetic- modified strains) still necessary.

A Revised Short Form of the Extended Class Play Among Italian Early Adolescents

Among the measures assessing peer reputation, the Extended Class Play (ECP) is now used extensively in North American settings. Little information is available in other cultural contexts. Furthermore, practical considerations suggest developing a shorter form of the ECP to be used in socio-educational environments. This study examined the ECP dimensions of peer assessment in Italy as well as developed a shorter form of the measure. We revised the ECP using factor analyses according to an explorative-confirmatory approach. The original 37-item ECP was shortened to a 22-item version and, subsequently, the properties of the revised measure were evaluated. We performed two studies comprising, respectively, 643 (55% male; 97% Italian; Mage = 12.20, SD = 0.60) and 652 (58% male; 94% Italian; Mage = 12.26, SD = 0.66) seventh-grade young adolescents living in southern and central Italy. Results revealed a clear and consistent seven-factor structure and acceptable levels of reliability and validity. Factors included constructs such as Shyness-Withdrawal, Prosociality-Leadership, Aggression, Popularity-Sociability, Victimization, Rejection-Exclusion, and Boastfulness. Correlations between the dimensions of the 22-item ECP and teacher ratings of young adolescents’ behaviors further confirmed the validity of the solution. Findings suggest the importance of culturally revised measures of social reputation and indicate that the short form of the ECP has considerable promise to be considered a valuable measure to assess the multidimensional aspects of peer relationships.

Gaming as pedagogy in the linguistics classroom

We explore how content-driven games may be utilized to enhance linguistics pedagogy in the classroom. We explore three games created by the authors for in-class play. The games involve semantics: Eventuality (about aspect/Aktionsart), f(x) (lambda-calculus); and syntax: Parameters. We discuss the major skills developed by the games and the best practices for designing games for in-class use. We focus on four elements in the talk: player interaction, randomization, process training, and entertainment.

PROFESIONALITAS GURU MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA DI TINGKAT MI/SD (TUNTUTAN, FAKTA DAN SOLUSI)

The main tasks of teachers include bridging students to be able to adapt to various challenges such as the urges experienced and developed within the individual itself. The challenges faced by the world of education include producing quality human resources so as to overcome the demands of a competitive nature. Teacher professional competencies include pedagogical, personality, social, and professional competence. A teacher is a figure of a leader who deserves to be imitated in building and shaping the character of his students so that later useful for religion, nation and country. Three cultures that are considered important in an effort to improve the professionalism of teachers is the culture of reading, writing and researching. Reality, until now Indonesian people including teachers has not made reading, writing and researching as a culture in everyday life. Teacher homeroom teacher at MI/SD level must master enough subjects and can use the model and the right method of learning, one of them on the lessons of Indonesia language. Professional skills of teachers at MI/SD level can be achieved by holding PTK (Research Action Class), play an active interactive in the development of science in accordance with the cluster of teaching through seminars and workshops, but also must master the competence of ICT (information and communication technology) as a means of self-development with the use of tools in the form of media.

A materialist analysis of contemporary feminist movements

Social movements on the left, such as the International Women’s Strike on 8 March 2017, see in the present moment a reorganization of capital accumulation in which gender, sexuality, race and class play significant roles. The 8 March strike, in particular, has been characterized by the willingness to emphasize and render visible the link between masculinist violence, sexism, homophobia and transphobia, and the dynamics of dispossession, privatization of common resources, and environmental destruction caused by neoliberal capitalism—dynamics that are rendering ever-wider strata of the population vulnerable to poverty, marginality and insecurity. This study draws on an analysis of the contributions that approaches such as social reproduction theory and the feminist reinterpretation of Rosa Luxemburg’s thought on primitive accumulation may make to understanding the present historical moment, in order to interrogate the nature of the contemporary struggles of feminist social movements.

The Reliability and Validity of a Modified Revised Class Play Examined in Dutch Elementary-School Children

Social withdrawal in children is a risk factor for maladjustment. The Revised Class Play (RCP; Masten, Morison, & Pelligrini, 1985 ) has often been used to identify children’s behavioral difficulties with peers. However, in previous studies the sensitive-isolated scale of the RCP appeared to measure a mixture of different types of withdrawal, including withdrawal from peers and exclusion by peers. In the present study the original RCP was modified to more clearly distinguish withdrawal from the peer group from behavior associated with exclusion by peers. Two studies in Dutch samples of 8–13-year-old children were conducted to examine the reliability and validity of this modified Revised Class Play. Both studies revealed three scales: Sociability-Leadership, Aggressive-Disruptive, and a third factor labeled Anxious-Withdrawn. Anxious-Withdrawn primarily reflected social reticence. Stability of the scales after two years was high. High scores on the Anxious-Withdrawn scale were best predicted by teacher ratings of timid and anxious behavior and by negative self-perceptions of social competence. The results support the reliability and validity of the modified RCP in a Dutch sample.