Possibilities of clinical application of nano-crystal hydroxyapatyte in treatment of purulent-inflammatory diseases

Objective. To investigate the impact of the sorbtion-aspiration drainage system on background of hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide on experimental peritonitis. Materials and methods. The experiment was performed on 55 white laboratory rat males, ageing 2 - 3 mo, with the body mass 225 - 250 g, which were kept in the typical vivarium conditions. Suspension of E. coli in physiological solution, 1.0 - 1.5 ml in concentration 1010 , was used for the peritoneum contamination. The suspension was introduced into abdominal cavity in the dose, dependent on the animal body mass, using the syringe for insulin injection. Peritonitis in the rats was developed in 48 h and characterized by intoxication, which exaggerated rapidly, as well as by intestinal motor disorders and pronounced microcirculatory disturbances. The experimental animals were distributed into 5 Groups. In patients of Group I the interventions were not performed (control); in laboratory animals of Group II peritonitis was not simulated, but the abdominal cavity was drained, using the sorption-aspiration drainage system; in laboratory animals of Group III peritonitis was simulated; in the Group IV of laboratory animals on background of peritonitis the abdominal cavity was drained, using the sorption-aspiration drainage system; in the Group V animals the abdominal cavity was drained by a standard silicon drain on background of peritonitis. Results. Reduction of abdominal contamination by 43.12% and of histological features were produced in abdominal organs under the influence of the composite system, witnessing its bactericidal and sorption-antiinflammatory action. Conclusion. Experimentally there was confirmed the possibility of application of sorption-aspiration drainage system on background of hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide in treatment of an acute peritonitis.

Use of medical ozone in fail back surgery syndrome: a systematic review.

The safety and efficacy of ozone injections in the spine for lumbar disc herniation has been proved in two systematic reviews with one metaanalysis. Many other papers with lower evidence level were published before encouraging its use for this pathology and other degenerative spinal diseases. Fail back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a terrible situation with no clear treatment option presently. Some authors have dared to use ozone injections in these patients, based on its antiinflammatory action and its highly save portfolio. Due to the great disability and dramatic situation of FBSS patients, a systematic review is mandatory in order to clarify the potential role of ozone in this pathology.

Clinical Efficacy of Medicinal Leech Therapy in Treating Third- and Fourth-Degree Hemorrhoids

Objectives Hemorrhoids are characterized by bleeding, mucous discharge, itching, pain, and prolapse. This condition is known as bawaseer in Unani medicine, and Hirudinaria granulosa has been used for its treatment in Irsal-e Alaq, or medicinal leech therapy (MLT), for centuries. Hirudinaria granulosa with antithrombotic and antiinflammatory action is used in the treatment of chronic venous disease and hemorrhoids. The present study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of MLT in third and fourth-degree hemorrhoids. Methods A single-centre prospective, clinical trial with a pre and postanalysis design was conducted at the hospital of the National Institute of Unani Medicine. Twenty male and female patients, with a mean age of 38 years, presenting moderate symptoms assessed with the colorectal evaluation of clinical therapeutics scale (CORECTS) questionnaire were included in the study. Hirudinaria granulosa were applied around the pile mass for 15 minutes weekly, for 4 weeks. The efficacy of the treatment was measured by an objective and subjective assessment using the CORECTS. Results When analyzed by the clinician, MLT reduced the symptoms' severity score in the following domains: pain (55% improvement; p < 0.001); anorectal itching (30% improvement; p < 0.10); and bleeding (10% improvement; p < 0.7963). Significant improvement (p < 0.001) was reported in the CORECTS score in relation to pain (44.09% improvement; p < 0.001), itching (38.55% improvement; p < 0.001), swelling (44% improvement; p < 0.001), bleeding (17.28% improvement; p < 0.007), discomfort (34.01% improvement; p < 0.001), and wellbeing (32.35 %improvement; p < 0.001), giving an average overall opinion on the therapy of 4/10. Conclusion The results of the study albeit smaller in sample size show that MLT is an effective and safe therapeutic option in reducing the symptoms of 3rd and 4th degree haemorrhoids.

Antinociceptive and Anti-inflammatory like effects of Berberis baluchistanica

Background: Numerous therapeutic agents are in clinical practice for the treatment of inflammatory and painful conditions, but their applications has been challenged by various side /toxic effects. Therefore, new effective and safe therapies are most warrant, for which medicinal plant could be a significant alternative. Berberis baluchistanica has traditionally been used as analgesic and antiinflammatory without any scientific background. Objective: The current study was designed to evaluate the analgesic and antiinflammatory like effects of extract B. baluchistanica in animal models. Methods: For the study of antinociceptive effect, an of extract of B. baluchistanica (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg i.p.), were tested in acetic acid induced writhing and formalin tests. while for the antiinflammatory action, carrageenan induced paw edema, cotton pellet induced granuloma and xylene induced ear edema tests were used. Results: The results showed significant dose dependent antinociceptive effect of extract of B. baluchistanica in acetic acid induced writhing and formalin induced flinching behavior tests. However, the effect was strongly antagonized by the injection of naloxone, suggesting the expression via opioidergic receptors. Similarly, strong antiinflammatory action was illustrated in carrageenan induced paw edema, cotton pellet induced granuloma and xylene induced ear edema tests and thus provided evidence for the versatile phytochemical nature of its phytochemical. Background: Numerous therapeutic agents are in clinical practice for the treatment of inflammatory and painful conditions, but their applications has been challenged by various side /toxic effects. Therefore, new effective and safe therapies are most warrant, for which medicinal plant could be a significant alternative. Berberis baluchistanica has traditionally been used as analgesic and antiinflammatory without any scientific background.

Platelet rich plasma enhancement of skin regeneration in an ex vivo human experimental model

An original ex vivo wounded skin culture protocol using autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and enriched Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium demonstrated a favourable modulation of the epithelial cells and fibroblasts proliferation, a relevant antiinflammatory action and a favourable modulation of the re-organization of collagen and elastic fibres. The step by step regenerative effects of PRP on human skin wound repair and regeneration process was observed over a period of 10 days.

Studies on Anticancer and Anti Inflammation Activity of Allium sativum L.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Allium sativum in Swiss albino mice against DLA induced. Experimental animals were fed with A. sativum extract, orally for 7 alternative day's. Results shown that A. sativum treated to inhibit the Tumor Necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) expression due to the presence of sulfur compounds. Concurrently A. sativum extract significantly increases the hemoglobin level and decrease the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma glutamyltransferase levels (γ-GT). The Studies implied that natural compounds have antiinflammatory action.

Connectivity mapping (ssCMap) to predict A20-inducing drugs and their antiinflammatory action in cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is characterized by chronic and exaggerated inflammation in the airways. Despite recent developments to therapeutically overcome the underlying functional defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, there is still an unmet need to also normalize the inflammatory response. The prolonged and heightened inflammatory response in CF is, in part, mediated by a lack of intrinsic down-regulation of the proinflammatory NF-κB pathway. We have previously identified reduced expression of the NF-κB down-regulator A20 in CF as a key target to normalize the inflammatory response. Here, we have used publicly available gene array expression data together with a statistically significant connections’ map (sscMap) to successfully predict drugs already licensed for the use in humans to induce A20 mRNA and protein expression and thereby reduce inflammation. The effect of the predicted drugs on A20 and NF-κB(p65) expression (mRNA) as well as proinflammatory cytokine release (IL-8) in the presence and absence of bacterial LPS was shown in bronchial epithelial cells lines (16HBE14o−, CFBE41o−) and in primary nasal epithelial cells from patients with CF (Phe508del homozygous) and non-CF controls. Additionally, the specificity of the drug action on A20 was confirmed using cell lines with tnfαip3 (A20) knockdown (siRNA). We also show that the A20-inducing effect of ikarugamycin and quercetin is lower in CF-derived airway epithelial cells than in non-CF cells.

Acebrophylline: an airway mucoregulator and anti-inflammatory agent

Acebrophylline is an airway mucus regulator with antiinflammatory action. The drug’s approach involves several points of attack in obstructive airway disease. The molecule contains ambroxol, which facilitates various steps in the biosynthesis of pulmonary surfactant, theophylline-7 acetic acid whose carrier function raises blood levels of ambroxol, thus rapidly and intensely stimulating surfactant production. The resulting reduction in the viscosity and adhesivity of the mucus greatly improves ciliary clearance. By deviating phosphatidylcholine towards surfactant synthesis, making it no longer available for the synthesis of inflammatory mediators such as the leukotrienes, acebrophylline also exerts an inflammatory effect. This is confirmed in vivo by the reduction in aspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with stable bronchial asthma. On a clinical level, acebrophylline is therapeutically effective in patients with acute or chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive or asthma-like bronchitis and recurrence of chronic bronchitis; it reduces the frequency of episodes of bronchial obstruction and reduces the need for β2-agonists, and improves indexes of ventilatory function.

The Antiinflammatory Action and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Glucosamine-based Di-Peptide Aminosugar

Purpose. We have previously shown favorable in vitro gut permeability for three novel di-peptide esters of glucosamine (GlcN) likely facilitated by the peptide transporter 1 (PepT1). Herein, we report the development of a novel assay for the determination of bioavailability of the peptide ester of interest, the anti-inflammatory properties of a glycine-valine ester derivative of GlcN (GVG) as well as its pharmacokinetics under healthy and inflammatory conditions. Methods. A pre-column derivatization (with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) HPLC assay was developed to study bioavailability of GVG, GlcN or cleaved GlcN in the rats that were cannulated in their right jugular vein for blood collection. The compounds of interest were orally administered to both healthy and arthritic rats. Serial blood samples and urine were collected and assayed for the compounds. The stability of the GVG was also tested after incubation with the rat feces. Efficacy of GVG was tested in inflamed rats (injection of 0.2 mL of Mycobacterium butyricum in squalene) following GVG (20 and 30 mg/kg/day GlcN equivalent) or GlcN (20 and 90 mg/kg/day) administration. Arthritis index was calculated at the end of the experiment. Results. The assay was linear (ranged between 0.05-20 μg/mL) and reproducible (intra- and inter-day<10%). Among the tested compounds, only GVG showed a significantly higher plasma concentrations and urinary excretion than GlcN (≈3-fold increase). GVG showed a favorable stability in the rat feces. Adjuvant arthritis was completely prevented with doses greater than 20 mg/kg/day with GVG being 3-fold more potent than GlcN. Conclusion. The examined glycine-valine-GlcN di-peptide aminosugar is a potent anti-inflammatory compound due to its favorable properties to deliver GlcN into the systemic circulation. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.