RETRACTING 1-SIMPLICIAL CHAOTIC GRAPHS WITH DENSITY VARIATION

In this paper we will discuss retraction transformation on chaotic graphs for different cases of density variation, Two types of retraction will be discussed, geometric retraction and chaotic edges retraction, We shall study and discuss the effects of retraction on the shape and density degree of chaotic graphs shown on figures, the adjacent and incidence matrices with be presented. The density character may present many applications in life such as degree of green color in plants, net perturbation resonance, signals in the nerve system and so many, we focus our study on plants, how retraction effects of the degree of green color of plants leaves and shape of the leave its self. The variation of the density character shows the variation of the degree of green color of plant (i.e. Chlorophyll), so we divided in three cases, the first case when the leave of plant is unit and constant everywhere, or varied from level to level or varied even in the same level line of a plant leave, each case will be discussed for two types of retraction and deduce results for both types.

EFFECT OF SORBITOL AND BORON SPRAYING ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND FLOWERING OF STRAWBERRY FRAGARIA ANANASSA DUCH. CV. RUBY GEM: تأثير الرش بالسوربيتول والبورون في النمو الخضري والإزهار لنبات الشليك Fragaria ananassa Duch صنف Rubygem

A field experiment was conducted at one of greenhouse belonged to College of agriculture – Diyala University. IRAQ, at fall season 2017 – 2018 in order to study the effect of foliar spray three concentrations of Sorbitol(0, 25, 50 gL-1) and Boric acid (B17%) at concentrations(0, 20, 40 mgL-1) on some growth vegetative and flowering of strawberry plant (Fragaria ananassa Duch) cv. Rubygum. using (R.CB.B.D) design with four replicate The result showed, the Sorbitol ,Boron and their interaction had significant effect on studied characters, The application of sorbitol at at 25 gL-1 spraying caused a significant increase in leave number, leaf area, plant leave area ,the vegetative dry weight. 57.880 leaf plant-1, 37.122 cm2.plant-1, 0.21482 m2.plant-1, 278.50 g.plant-1, respectively compared with control, also spraying of boric acid at 40mgL-1 recorded a significant increase in leave number, leaf area, plant leave area, the root dry weight reached 57.58 leaf plant-1, 36.975 cm2.plant-1, 0,21518 m2.plant-1, 11.669 g.plant-1 respectively, Whereas control treatment gave the lowest means of the above characters. The interaction between Sorbitol at 25gL-1 and Boron at 40mgL-1 spraying caused a significant increase in leave number, leaf area, plant leave area ,the, the vegetative dry weight, the root dry weight, reached to 65.890 leave.plant-1, 39.772 cm2.leave, 0.26228m2.plant-1, 84.670g.plant-1, 15.39 g.plant-1, respectively compared with control which gave the lowest means of the above characters. as well as spraying of the interaction between sorbitol at 0 and Boron at 20 mgL-1 gave a significantly increasing in number of flower reached 104.155 flower.plant-1 ,while the control recorded a lowest number of flower (82.274 flower.plant-1).

RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea Mays L. Saccharata Sturt) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN KOTORAN AYAM DAN GUANO WALET PADA TANAH GAMBUT PEDALAMAN

The experiment aimed at investigating the effect of chicken manure and swallow guano and the interaction of both on sweet corn (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) plated onraised-bog peatlend. The experiment used a group-randomized design (GRD) 2 factors: chicken dung and swallow guano having the same three levels (A1=5 t ha-1; A2=10 t ha-1; A3=15 t ha-1). Parameter to observe was the plant height and the plant leave area. The result showed that the single use of swallow guano and chicken manure had significant effect on the plant height and the plant leave area. The best use of swallow guano was at a dose of 15 t ha-1and the best use of chicken manure was at a dose of 10 t ha-1. The best combination was at a dose of 15 t ha-1of swallow guano and 10 t ha-1of chicken manure. Percobaan ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberianpupuk kandang kotoran ayam dan guano walet serta interaksinya terhadapJagung Manis (Zea mays L. saccharata Sturt.) yang ditanam pada Tanah Gambut Pedalaman. Percobaan dilakukan denganrancangan acak kelompok (RAK) 2 faktor yaitu pupuk kandang kotoran ayam dan pupuk guano walet masing-masing dengan 3 taraf yang sama (A1/W1= 5 t ha-1; A2/W2=10 t ha-1; A3/W3=15 t ha-1). Peubahyang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman dan luas daun tanaman jagung manis. Hasilenunjukkan bahwa pemberian tunggal pupuk guano walet dan pupuk kotoran ayam berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan luas daun. Dosis terbaik pupuk guano walet tunggal adalah 15 t ha-1dan dosis pupuk kotoran ayam tunggal adalah 10 t ha-1. Kombinasi perlakuan terbaik didapat pada perlakuan 15 t ha-1pupuk guano walet dan 10 t ha-1 pupuk kotoran ayam.

Isolation, Chemical Composition, Characterization and Anti-Bacterial Activity of Acridine Diglycoside from Moringa olifera

Moringaolifera(drumstick tree) is a medicinal plant commonly used in phytomedicine to cure and prevent diseases in Nigeria. The ethanolic extract of the leave sample showed alkaloid {(9.66 ± 0.20) %}, phenols {(0.75 ± 0.22) %}, flavonoids {(6.86 ± 0.20) %}, saponines {(8.46 ± 0.10) %}, and tannins {(1.10 ± 0.20) %}. The plant also contains nutritional nutrients such as ash {(6.08 ± 0.02) %}, protein {(23.65 ± 0.12)%}, carbohydrates {(57.01 ± 0.01)%}, fats {(2.43 ± 0.01) %}, crude fibre {(6.02 ± 0.13)%}, moisture {(9.50 ± 0.10)%} and energy {(3276 ± 0.14)%}. Antibacterial studies showed that the plant leave successfully inhibited staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Klebisiella pneumonia. Acridine diglycoside was elucidated using Bruker NMR spectroscopy in combination with FT-IR NATRIC and HREIMS (m/z) mass spectral data. This result authenticates the use of the plant leave in the treatment of infections, tumors and as an anti-inflammatory agent

Protective effect of Cupressus sempervirens extract against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats

Cupressus sempervirens(C. sempervirens) belongs to the family Cupressaceae. It is widspread in Northern Africa, Greece, Turkey, North America, Cyprus and Syria. Cupressuflavone is the major ingredient of the plant leave extract. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiulcerogenic activity of the extract ofC. sempervirensleaves in gastric ulcer tissues induced by indomethacin. The results of the present study revealed that indomethacin significantly decreased glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, while it increased significantly lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels in gastric tissue. Furthermore, indomethacin decreasedp53expression, while it increased bcl-2 expression in gastric tissue. Pretreatment with 5%, 10% & 20% of the LD50ofC. sempervirensand cupressuflavone of indomethacin-treated rats restored all the above parameters to approach normal values.C. sempervirensat the highest dose was more effective than the two lower doses.C. sempervirensproved more potent than cupressuflavone. In conclusion,C. sempervirensexerted antiulcerogenic activity and the effect was dose-dependent and related to the cupressuflavone ingredient of the plant leave extract.

Discomycetes from plant, leave and sphagnum litter in ombrotrophic bog (West Siberia)

Collection of Discomycetes from two ombrotrophic bogs near Khanty-Mansiysk (boreal zone of West Siberia) was made by direct observation method. 80 specimens were identified and 51 taxa from four orders (Helotiales, Rhytismatales, Pezizales and Ostropales) revealed. Checklist with annotations presents data about occupied substrates, types of plant communities, macro and micro morphological descriptions and comparisons of ecology of species with reports from literature. This group was poorly known in ombrotrophic bogs and supplements our knowledge about the structure of fungal community of peatlands.