The Crack Growth in the Imitation Model of a GTE Turbine Disk under Operating Loading Conditions

The paper presents the experimental results of growing surface cracks in the turbine disk of a gas turbine engine (GTE) under cyclic tension at room and elevated temperatures. The geometry of the imitation model of the GTE turbine disk with a stress concentration zone in the form of a bolt hole was justified. In order to ensure the similarity of the initial damage of the imitation model and the GTE turbine disc in the plane of symmetry of the stress concentration zone, a semi-elliptical notch was made. The loading conditions of the imitation model were developed based on results of a comparative stress-strain state (SSS) analysis of the stress concentration zone of the imitation model and the GTE turbine disc. As a result of the fatigue test of the imitation model at room and elevated temperatures, the experimental positions and sizes of the crack fronts with respect to the drop potential signal on the crack edges were obtained. The fixed positions and sizes of the crack fronts were used as the basis for the numerical calculation of the fracture resistance parameters. For the numerical studies, ten three-dimensional finite element models with different positions and sizes of the crack fronts were considered. The numerical calculation results based on the finite element method were used to determine the distributions of the elastic stress intensity factors along each crack front. The crack growth rate characteristics both on the free surface and at the deepest point of the crack front were obtained at room and elevated temperature conditions. A technique for the automation tests that simulate the block-type loading of the disk material at elevated temperatures was proposed.

ANALYSIS OF DISTRIBUTIONS TYPES FOR MODELING FLOW OF SHIPS IN THE PASSENGER PORT

This article presents a comparison of various types of mathematical distributions for arriving flow of ships using imitation model of the marine passenger port of St. Petersburg. In the course of analyzing the arrivals of cruise ships at the port in the past years, a confidence interval was determined in which the predicted number of ships entering the passenger port may fluctuate. Determination of possible fluctuations of incoming flow significantly simplifies the process of making management decisions in the port under conditions of uncertainty.

DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS FOR ELIMINATION OF EMERGENCIES ON VEHICLES WITH ALTERNATIVE FUELS

Introduction. The growing demand and use of vehicles on alternative fuels pose several challenges to humanity. Starting from the development and implementation of technological processes and algorithms for safe production, transportation, storage in the large capacity of lithiumion elements (batteries) and energy sources under high pressure (hydrogen cylinders) and ending with the process of final processing and reuse of the above-mentioned components of vehicles on alternative sources energy.The purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the work is to research the readiness and activities of fire and rescue units for acting as intended, namely - the elimination of possible (potential) threats in the event of emergencies on vehicles with alternative fuels. To achieve this goal it is necessary to determine the current group of vehicles on alternative fuels; describe the main danger of such vehicles; to develop an appropriate conceptual (imitation) model of actions of fire and rescue units in case of actions on purpose on similar vehicles.Methods. To achieve the goal and objectives of the study used theoretical research methods, which included analysis of the main dangers of vehicles on alternative fuels, generalization of the results of the study with their following systematization to achieve the goal of the study.Results. According to the literature review results, the probable hazards associated with the elimination of emergencies at EV and HFCEV were identified. To protect the personal fire and rescue units involved in the elimination of such emergencies, an algorithm of rescuers' actions was developed in case of the threat of fire of the EV battery, the threat of ignition of hydrogen tanks in the HFCEV, the threat of ignition of the battery.Conclusions. The presented conceptual (imitation) model of actions of fire and rescue units in case of possible dangers associated with EV and HFCV provide a scientific basis. For further development and development of a decision support system that can be expressed in the form of application software. For further development of a life cycle model of emergency response projects on vehicles with alternative fuels.

Imitation model of heat flows distribution in building heating control system

Implementation of automatic heating control systems allows us to reduce heat consumption by 10% in residential areas and 40% in office and educational buildings. Currently, there are heating control systems, however, they are applied only to a single-level two-pipe heating system. Development of an imitation model of heat flows redistribution is necessary to synthesize the system of interconnected dynamic heating control of a building. Unlike existing solutions, this research work considers the problem of unbalanced heat flow in a multi-level hierarchical heating system. Calculation of convective heat transfer in the room assumes that the air temperature at any given time is the same throughout the entire room. When we determine heat transfer through walling, it is assumed that the walling or its part has the same temperature of the planes perpendicular to the direction of air flow. In this case, the heat transfer process is described by a one-dimensional heat transfer equation. The developed model of heating control systems allows us to connect the automatic control modules, change control algorithms at the compilation stage and in the system state during the simulation process. In comparison with possible analogue models based on AnyLogic or ANSYS modeling systems, the presented model is the model of controlled object. It is easily combined with models of automatic control units and considers the problem of imbalance of heat flows. An example of the functional scheme of the local temperature control system around one battery is considered. Implementation of developed imitation model makes it possible to ensure a new level of quality control of technological processes of production and consumption of power energy resources by using modern information technologies and synthesizing a system of interconnected dynamic heating control. Possibilities of such modeling are focused on development of the uninterrupted and high-quality heat supply system, maintaining energy-efficient operating modes, as well as actual economic effect. The model under consideration allows us to simulate redistribution of heat flows in different operating modes of the heating system.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMITATION MODEL OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION BY RAILWAY AREA OF DOSTYK-ZHEZKAZGHAN-ILETSK

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью дальнейшего увеличения грузопотока и пропускной способности контейнерных перевозок на участке Достык-Актогай-Мойнты-Жарык-Жезказган-Саксаульская-Кандыагаш-Актобе-Илек национальной компании “Қазақстан Темір Жолы”. Целью данной статьи является оценка эффективности предлагаемой модернизации, связанной с дальнейшим развитием вышеуказанного железнодорожного транспортного коридора для контейнерных перевозок. Метод исследования предполагает решение этой задачи путем применения компьютерного моделирования контейнерных перевозок по данному коридору, в частности разработку имитационной модели на базе программного обеспечения Anylogic и обработку полученных результатов. Результаты исследования представляют собой данные, полученные на основе имитационного моделирования и сравнения его с текущими данными о контейнерных потоках по коридору Достык-Жезказган-Илек. Значимость исследования заключается в обосновании эффективности мероприятий по модернизации инфраструктуры участка и развитию данного железнодорожного транспортного коридора для контейнерных поездов. Материалы статьи могут быть полезны логистическим компаниям в Казахстане и за рубежом.

A block model development for intelligent control of the switches operating apparatus position in the electrical interlocking system

In this scientific article, we developed a model of block C that controls the position of the switches. A mathematical model of the block was calculated using a two-layer neural network along with the blocks of the block. An imitation model of the switch control block using the SoDeSys program is presented. In the modeling process, it was studied that a multilayer neural network consists of one or more hidden layers of neurons-the entrance, exit, and the neurons located between them. And block C was determined that it was possible to model with the help of a 2-layer neural network and was expressed in the form of the following layers: 1-in the hidden layer: in the C block, the PK and MK relays are listed. This process indicated that the data coming from the PS or PST block would receive the PK and MK releases. At this layer, it is determined in which position the switches are located, and the data is transferred to the next layers. 2-in the hidden layer: the VZ relay in the C Block is indicated. Information coming from PK and MK relays shows the VZ relays acceptance process. In this layer, it is determined whether the switch is cut or not, and information is transferred to the next layers. In this layer, a certain position of the pushed conductor is determined