Travelling Salesman Problem Analysis with Complete Enumeration Method, Branch & Bound and Greedy Heuristic

PT XYZ as the best and largest Bed Sheet Set company in Indonesia with products such as Bed Covers, Bed Sheets, Pillowcases, Bolsters and Blankets. The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a problem faced in finding the best route to visit shops that sell products from PT BIG. A visit to the shop is carried out on the condition that each city can only be visited once except the city of origin. The algorithms applied in this TSP problem include the Complete Enumeration, Branch & Bound and Greedy Heuristic methods.

Effects of AGXT2 variants on blood pressure and blood sugar among 750 older Japanese subjects recruited by the complete enumeration survey method

Background Alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase 2 (AGXT2; EC 2.6.1.44) is the only enzyme that degrades the R-form of 3-aminoisobutyrate, an intermediate metabolite of thymine. AGXT2, as well as diaminoarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1; EC 3.5.3.18), works as an enzyme that degrades asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), which competitively inhibits the nitric oxide synthase family. Thus, these two enzyme activities may change vascular vulnerability for a lifetime via the nitric oxide (NO) system. We investigated the association between vascular conditions and diseases such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus and polymorphisms of these two genes in 750 older Japanese subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, 77.0 ± 7.6 years) recruited using the complete enumeration survey method in the Nakayama study. Demographic and biochemical data, such as blood pressure (BP) and casual blood sugar (CBS), were obtained. Four functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs37370, rs37369, rs180749, and rs16899974) of AGXT2 and one functional insertion/deletion polymorphism in the promotor region with four SNPs (rs307894, rs669173, rs997251, and rs13373844) of DDAH1 were investigated. Plasma ADMA was also analyzed in 163 subjects. Results The results of multiple regression analysis showed that a loss of the functional haplotype of AGXT2, CAAA, was significantly positively correlated with BP (systolic BP, p = 0.034; diastolic BP, p = 0.025) and CBS (p = 0.021). No correlation was observed between DDAH1 and either BP or CBS. ADMA concentrations were significantly elevated in subjects with two CAAA haplotypes compared with subjects without the CAAA haplotype (p = 0.033). Conclusions Missense variants of AGXT2, but not DDAH1, may be related to vulnerability to vascular diseases such as hypertension and DM via the NO system.

Hubungan Panjang Berat Teripang Holothuria atra di Pulau Panjang, Jepara

Holothuria atra merupakan salah satu teripang dan sering dijumpai berasosiasi dengan padang lamun dan substrat pasir. Walaupun bernilai ekonomi rendah, secara ekologi mempunyai manfaat sebagai bioturbator dan mempunyai potensi dalam bidang farmaseutical. Teripang ini ditenukan hidup di Pulau Panjang, dengan karakteristik perairan tertutup dan dangkal dengan akses yang mudah untuk wisatawan maupun perikanan tangkap yang dapat menjadi tekanan bagi populasi teripang tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui hubungan panjang dan berat populasi teripang H. atra di Pulau Panjang, Jepara pada lokasi padang lamun dan pecahan karang dimana H. atra banyak ditemukan. Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah metode deskriptif eksploratif dengan melakukan pengambilan sampel H. atra dengan teknik sampling complete enumeration pada luas lokasi penelitian yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kepadatan teripang di stasiun padang lamun (Stasiun A) lebih rendah dengan distribusi ukuran yang lebih kecil daripada di stasiun pecahan karang (Stasiun B). Pada semua stasiun dan waktu pengambilan sampel, pola pertumbuhan relatif yang ditunjukkan oleh hubungan panjang dan berat teripang H. atra bersifat allometrik negatif dengan keeratan hubungan yag sangat kecil. Hal ini disebabkan oleh kesulitan pengukuran pada teripang yang bertubuh lunak dengan elastisitas dinding tubuh (integument), isi pada sistem pencernaan makanannya dan kandungan cairan coelomic (rongga tubuh) yang dapat membuat bias analisa.Holothuria atra is one of species sea cucumbers often found in association with seagrass beds and sand substrates. Although it has low economic value, ecologically it has benefits as a bioturbator and has potential in the pharmaceutical. It is found in Panjang Island, which has characteristic of closed and shallow waters with easy access for tourists and capture fisheries which can put pressure on the sea cucumber population. This study aimed to determine the relationship between length and weight of H. atra population in the seagrass bed and rubble area in Panjang Island, Jepara. The research method used is descriptive exploratory and H. atra were sampled using a complete enumeration sampling technique at a predetermined area of the research location. The results showed that the density of sea cucumbers at the seagrass beds station (Station A) was lower with a smaller size distribution than at the rubble station (Station B). At all stations and sampling times, the relative growth pattern shown by the correlation between length and weight of H. atra is negative allometric with very small relationship value. This was due to the difficulty of measuring soft-bodied sea cucumbers with the elasticity of the body wall (integument), the contents of the digestive system and coelomic fluid in the body cavity which can bias the analysis.

Analysis of landscape areas on the territory of secondary school #19 of the city of Yoshkar-Ola

The research object is the territory of the secondary school #19 of the city of Yoshkar-Ola. The topicality of the research is determined by the necessity to reconstruct the existing landscape areas on this territory. For the project “The reconstruction of landscaped areas and improvements on the territory of the secondary school #19”, the authors have reviewed the landscaped areas. The analysis uses complete enumeration based on mensurational description. During the analysis, the authors defined species, taxonomic characteristics, sanitary and hygienic and esthetic values of each taxon. 290 woody plants were examined. Based on the acquired data, the authors analyzed the current landscaped areas on the territory and formulated the following conclusions: the density of plantations is much lower than the recommended values; the authors noticed only the traces of a green fence. However, the average values of the sanitary condition are 2 and 1, which means that the landscaped areas are in a good condition, and the species composition is in line with recommendations. Due to the fact that the school territory radius is 2 km, the condition of landscaped areas requires special attention. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that the landscaped areas on territory in question need to be reconstructed.   

Rotation Based MSS/MCS Enumeration

Given an unsatisfiable Boolean Formula F in CNF, i.e., a set of clauses, one is often interested in identifying Maximal Satisfiable Subsets (MSSes) of F or, equivalently, the complements of MSSes called Minimal Correction Subsets (MCSes). Since MSSes (MC- Ses) find applications in many domains, e.g. diagnosis, ontologies debugging, or axiom pinpointing, several MSS enumeration algorithms have been proposed. Unfortunately, finding even a single MSS is often very hard since it naturally subsumes repeatedly solving the satisfiability problem. Moreover, there can be up to exponentially many MSSes, thus their complete enumeration is often practically intractable. Therefore, the algorithms tend to identify as many MSSes as possible within a given time limit. In this work, we present a novel MSS enumeration algorithm called RIME. Compared to existing algorithms, RIME is much more frugal in the number of performed satisfiability checks which we witness via an experimental comparison. Moreover, RIME is several times faster than existing tools.

Financial Status, Parents Influence, Peer Influence and Self-Choice of Students in Selection of Strand in The Senior High School, Cebu, Philippines

Selecting a strand is a crucial act to every student in such way that they have to considered their financial status, parents and peer suggestion, and also their self-choice in acting on it. This study investigates whether financial status with self-choice; parents influence with self-choice; and peer influence with self-choice are having an association with each other in selecting a strand. 214 of students by complete enumeration answered the questionnaire on financial status and likert-scale for parental influence, peer influence, and self-choice and the data gathered been analyzed via weighted mean, frequency, chi-square and lambda in determining their association. The result shows that the financial status of students in school alone is inclined to self-choice in the selection of a strand but not with parental and peers influence in selecting a strand. In other words, parents and peers show no significant association with self-choice of students, though the influences of parents and peers are noticeable.

The Effect of Job Enabling English Proficiency Administration on Philippine Students’ English Language Skills

This study aimed to examine the effect of administrating Job Enabling English Proficiency (JEEP) on the students’ English language skills in selected colleges and universities of Region XII, Philippines. The study sought to find out the relationship between the JEEP Program administration for the sustainable operation and the students’ English language skills based on their JEEP Start grades. This study utilized the descriptive-correlation design. There were 286 JEEP Accelerate student-respondents from two schools offering the JEEP Program in Region XII. Total/complete enumeration sampling was utilized. The results revealed on the JEEP administration actions for sustainable operation were rated “Highly Evident”. The correlations between administration actions for sustainable operation of JEEP and students’ English language skills based on their grades were all found significant.