Introduction:
p22
phox
forms a complex with NADPH oxidases, major sources of O
2
-
and H
2
O
2
. However, the role of
p22
phox
during stress remains to be elucidated.
Purpose:
To investigate the role of endogenous
p22
phox
during pressure overload (PO).
Methods and Results:
The level of
p22
phox
protein in isolated cardiomyocytes after 4 weeks of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was significantly higher than after sham operation (1.7-fold, p<0.05). The cardiac phenotype of cardiac-specific
p22
phox
knockout (
p22
phox
cKO) mice was normal at baseline. However, four weeks after TAC,
p22
phox
cKO mice exhibited a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (32.0±10.0 vs 53.2±8.4%, p<0.05), a higher lung weight to tibial length ratio (23.0±6.0 vs 13.1±6.6, p<0.05), and more interstitial fibrosis (6.1±1.0 vs 4.4±1.1%, p<0.05) than control mice, indicating that the loss of
p22
phox
exacerbates TAC-induced cardiac dysfunction. The level of oxidative stress in the heart, evaluated by dityrosine immunoblot, was significantly lower in
p22
phox
cKO mice than in control mice (0.71±0.04 vs 1.00±0.04, p<0.01). The peak Ca
2+
amplitude in isolated cardiomyocytes was lower in
p22
phox
cKO mice than in control mice at baseline (2.4±0.1 vs 3.0±0.2, p<0.01). Although mRNA expression of SERCA2a did not differ, there was significantly less SERCA2a protein in
p22
phox
cKO mice than in control mice (0.62±0.10 vs 1.00±0.23, p<0.01) at baseline. The amount of biotinylated iodoacetamide labeled SERCA2a was significantly smaller in
p22
phox
cKO hearts than in control mouse hearts (0.4-fold, p<0.01), indicating that cysteine residues in SERCA2a are oxidized to a greater extent in
p22
phox
cKO hearts than in control mouse hearts. Since cysteine oxidation decreases the stability of SERCA2a, our results suggest that
p22
phox
stabilizes SERCA2a by preventing cysteine oxidation.
Conclusions:
Endogenous
p22
phox
is protective against PO, possibly by maintaining SERCA2a stability.