Pricing and Coordination Strategies of Dual Channels Considering Consumers’ Channel Preferences

With the rapid development of electronic commerce, consumers can freely buy the same product from a manufacturers’ Internet channel or a resellers’ physical channel. Based on the consumers’ channel preferences, this article classifies consumers into three types and investigates the price decision in a dual-channel supply chain using a Stackelberg game, which assumes that the manufacturer, as the game leader, first sets the wholesale price, then the reseller decides the retail price, according to the wholesale price. Furthermore, some numerical experiments are developed to investigate the impact of consumer acceptance, the degree of customer loyalty, and the proportion of identical shoppers on prices and profits. The results show that whether both the retail price and the wholesale price rise or fall depends on a combination of the cost of the physical channel and the Internet shopper’s acceptance of the Internet channel. The reseller’s profit is always lower than the manufacturer’s profit. The reseller’s profit is lower and the manufacturer’s profit is higher, compared with that of a traditional single channel supply chain. The numerical experiments showed that when an Internet shopper’s acceptance of an Internet channel is lower, the wholesale price and retail price in the dual channels will increase with an increase of the degree of customer loyalty (the proportion of identical shoppers). The reseller’s profit (the manufacturer’s profit) will reduce (rise) with the augmentation of the Internet shopper’s acceptance of an Internet channel. Finally, we design a revenue-sharing contract that can coordinate the supply chain and implement a win–win strategy for all partners. This work makes some contributions to the research area of coordination in dual-channel supply chains.

Development of a protocol for a closed mobile internet channel based on post-quantum algorithms

The development of computing technologies has made it possible not only to expand the range of mobile communication services, but also to significantly increase computing capabilities. The emergence of mobile Internet, 4G, 5G technologies makes it possible to talk about a fundamentally different approach to ensuring the quality of service to network customers, creating fundamentally new approaches to ensuring the efficiency and reliability of transmitted information flows. However, such a rapid growth of GSM technologies without the introduction of security services leads to active actions of attackers and cyber terrorists, the emergence of new and modification of known threats. Mobile communication channels are used by cybercriminals for selfish purposes of access to database resources not only of the mobile Internet, but also to the databases of information and communication systems and networks. The article proposes a fundamentally new approach to ensuring the closure of the voice channel of the mobile Internet based on post-quantum cryptography algorithms – McEliece and Niederreiter crypto-code constructions on elliptic codes. This approach provides not only the offline mode of closing the voice channel and creating a VPN channel in tunnel mode, but also the required level of cryptographic strength in the face of the emergence of full-scale quantum computers.

Use of Video Method in Teaching Computer-oriented Disciplines

The purpose of the article is to find new methods and means of teaching computer science The research methodology consists of system analysis and classification of demonstration teaching methods. The novelty of the study is the use of screencasting when creating an educational video channel for teaching computer disciplines (Davletkaliev, 2008). Conclusions. In this work, on the example of creating an educational Internet channel, the possibility of increasing the effectiveness of using the video method in the process of teaching computer-oriented disciplines is shown.

Online Political Communication of Youth from Russian Megapolises

Youth remains one of the most active groups of Internet users. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the use of various social networks, Internet channels and messengers in online political communication of young people from Russian megacities. The research paper presents the results of an online survey of this socio-demographic group conducted in January 2021 among roughly 1700 respondents from 17 Russian megacities as well as the results of an expert survey dated January 2021, namely, non-standardized expert interviews with 21 experts, including scholars, political technologists, government officials, members of political organizations and civil activists. Every fourth young respondent spends over 8 hours in the Internet space daily with about 43% of all young people spending from 4 to 8 hours. Social networks such as VKontakte (91.4%), Instagram (70.6%), YouTube Internet channel (74.9%), WhatsApp (66.4%) and Telegram (59.2%) are most in demand. The interest in Tik Tok is gradually growing (38.8%). Experts believe that the promising channel of online political communication with the aim of online political mobilization is the social network Clubhouse, which allows group voice chats and a strict selection of group members, but does not allow direct recording. Only every fourth representative of young people shows a high interest in the political situation. About 45% use Emoji to assess posts on a political topic, but only every fourth respondent gives comments and discusses political problems. Every fourth representative of young people does not take any political actions in the online space.

Product Quality Control Strategy of Dual Distribution Channel Structure in Three-Echelon Supply Chain

Based on the three-stage Stackelberg dynamic game model, this paper considers how to make product quality control strategy in the three-echelon supply chain consisting of the manufacturer, retailer and customer in the case of retailer dual channel structure (traditional retail channel, internet channel) and manufacturer dual channel structure (traditional retail channel, a third-party platform internet channel). When there are two types of decision model (decentralized decision, centralized decision), we analyze the demand price elasticity, market share ratio, revenue sharing ratio and quality cost coefficient how to influence the product demand, product quality level, retail price and direct price in different channels, expected revenue functions of manufacturer and retailer, consumer surplus and product quality control strategy. We find that: First of all, the retail price and direct price are positively related to product quality level, and the product quality level is negatively related with the demand price elasticity in traditional retail channel and the demand price elasticity in internet channel. What's more, the retailers’ retail price in traditional retail channel will be higher than direct price in internet channel. Thirdly, in the case of centralized decision, the manufacturers' product quality level, retail price, joint expected revenue and consumer surplus will all rise, but the direct price will fall. Fourthly, when the manufacturer establishes the dual channel structure, i.e., entrusting the third-party platform to build the internet channel, the manufacturer's product quality level, retail price, direct price, expected revenue, and consumer surplus will all decline. Finally, we conduct the numerical example by Matlab 2018, which verifies the validity and credibility of our conclusions, and points out the direction for the specific application of the model in practice.

Channel choice and coordination of fresh agricultural products supply chain

By constructing a dual-channel fresh agricultural product (FAP) supply chain consisting of a retailer and a supplier, this paper considers the effect of fresh-keeping level on the freshness of perishable products and constructs a time-varying demand function based on freshness. The operating cost of the internet channel to the supplier has also been considered in the model. Optimal pricing strategy and profits of supply chain members under dual channels are investigated respectively in this paper. Comparing the optimal profit under traditional single-channel and dual-channel supply chain, we obtain the condition that the internet operating cost should satisfy. Given the situation where the supplier obtains profit while the retailer loses after the supplier introduced the internet channel, this paper proposes a revenue-sharing contract to make up for the loss of the retailer and achieves a win-win situation. Research shows that in the numerical analysis the supplier’s and the retailer’s profit can only be improved when the operating cost of the internet channel c 0 and revenue-sharing ratio ψ are within a certain range. When ψ ≥ 0.4 and 0 ≤ c 0 ≤ [[EQUATION]] , Pareto improvement will be attained on both sides in the supply chain.

Quantum Cryptography

The Internet can be thought of as a channel of information being sent from you to everyone else connected to the Internet. If you wanted to transmit your sensitive information (such as bank account numbers or military secrets) over the Internet, then you have to ensure that only the persons you intend to read your information have access to your sensitive data. Otherwise, everyone would be able to read your information, e.g., access to your bank account details and transfer money out of your account. Therefore, one needs to encrypt any data sent over the Internet. Encryption, in this context, ensures that only the intended sender and receiver can understand any message being sent over an Internet channel.

CREATION OF AUTOMATED LOW-INTENSITY IRRIGATION SYSTEMS CONTROLLED THROUGH AN INTERNET CHANNEL IN AZERBAIJAN (ASMO)

With the correct process management, low-intensity irrigation allows not only to drastically reduce water consumption for irrigation of agricultural crops, but also to provide the necessary microclimate for plants and the supply of water and fertilizers in the required amount directly to the root zone of plants, which contributes to the earlier entry of plants into the season fruiting and increased productivity while reducing water per unit of crop and reducing production costs. For this, we have developed a perfect safe technological system of automated irrigation based on IDAD with automated control of the controlled potential moisture supply of the plant, an optimized irriga-tion regime taking into account the controlled soil and agroclimatic parameters that affect the growth and develop-ment of the plant phase, while maintaining the ecological environment that contributes to obtaining a guaranteed and high-quality yield per unit area meeting the requirement of mi ovyh standards. The system of low-intensity irri-gation created by the results of the study compared to traditional surface irrigation methods is more technologically demanding and in the remote areas from settlements it is difficult to provide qualified service; to ensure their possi-ble efficiency, they require complex automation of the irrigation technological process.

APPLICATION OF ROBOTIC SYSTEM FOR OBTAINING INFORMATION ABOUT THE AREA

The Photogrammetry Department of MIIGAIK is developing the "Automated Information Generation System" (AIGS), which is designed to carry out automatic aerial survey of the object using a drone and obtain documents about the terrain (orthophotos, DMR, etc.). The system is based on a robotic mobile platform with a navigation system installed on it, a manipulator and a lifting portal. The manipulator has three degrees of freedom and is designed to manipulate the necessary when replacing automatically the battery in the UAV. The lifting portal is designed to load and fix UAVs on the platform. The robotic station is able to work both individually and as part of a network of stations. Complexes are evenly distributed on the territory where aerial photography or monitoring will be carried out. The operator is in the office, forms the job and sends it over the Internet channel, at the station. The job is run automatically on schedule.