The formation of strip-like vortex motion by surface gravity waves

We studied experimentally the generation of vortex flow by non-collinear gravity waves with a frequency of 2.34 Hz. The vortices formed on the water surface have the form of stripes, the width L=π/(2k sin θ) of which is determined by the wave vector k and the angle between them, and the length is determined by the size of the system. We demonstrate that the measured dependence Ω(t) can be described within the recently developed model that considers the Eulerian contribution to the generated vortex flow and the effect of surface contamination.

Time Pressure and Teams: Contextual Factors Influencing Task Experience when Using a Cognitive Aid

Guidelines are needed to help designers create cutting-edge cognitive aids for complex procedures, particularly when those aids support non-expert operators. To create guidelines, the factors that might interact with the aid design need be explored with non-experts, such as time pressure and the number of operators. We manipulated time pressure and number of team members in setting up a medical ventilator while using a cognitive aid. We measured dependence on the aid, performance, subjective workload, and team dynamics to better understand their influence on the use of a cognitive aid to accomplish a complex task by non-expert operators. Individuals reported a significantly higher mental workload level than teams and those under time pressure reported higher temporal workload. These data can contribute to design guidelines.

Forward Yields of the Secondary Light Nuclei in CC-collisions at Beam Energy 20.5 GeV/n on the Accelerator U-70 in Comparison with Models UrQMD, FTFP-BERT-EMV and QGSP-FTFP-BERT-EMV in the Framework of Geant4

The zero angle production of light nuclei has been studied in CC-interactions at beam energy 20.5 GeV/n on accelerator U-70. The measurements were performed with employing of the beamline no. 22 as spectrometer of secondary particles with verying its rigidity from 10 to 70 GeV/c. We observed secondary protons and deuterons with momenta above kinematic limit of NN-interactions. The measured dependence of forward yields on momentum are compared with the model predictions in the framework of Geant4. The models more or less correctly give positions of maxima of the distributions and their general qualitative dependence on the momentum. But in the quantitative predictions of the yields there are significant differences with the experiment which grow with increase of atomic mass number A.

Analysis of Trench-Filling Epitaxial Growth of 4H-SiC Based on Continuous Fluid Approximation Including Gibbs-Thomson Effect

Trench-filling epitaxial growth of 4H-SiC was analyzed based on a simulation model for continuous fluid approximation including the Gibbs-Thomson effect. With the use of the radii of curvature at the top and bottom of the trenches, the proposed model well reproduced the measured dependence of the growth rate on the trench pitch (L) in the case of narrow (L ≤ 6.0 μm) trenches.

Satellites are the main drivers of environmental effects at least to z = 0.7

We study the role of environment in the evolution of galaxies up to z = 0.7 using the final zCOSMOS-bright data set. We use the colour as a proxy for the quenched population, and measure the dependence of the red fraction of galaxies on stellar mass and two environmental indicators: the local overdensity of galaxies δ and a demarcation of galaxies to centrals and satellites. The analysis is carried out by quantifying the role of different quenching processes. We find that the measured dependence of the red fraction of galaxies on stellar mass and environment can be well described by two quenching processes: one related only to stellar mass (mass quenching) and the other related to the local environment (environment quenching). Within the errors, these processes are independent of each other, and consistent with the z ~ 0 measurement. Moreover, the red fraction of centrals fr,cen (both singleton centrals and centrals in the groups) does not show any trend with δ and more than 95% of fr,cen is consistent with being produced through the mass quenching alone. The satellite galaxies are redder than the centrals at the same stellar mass and δ, requiring additional environment quenching. Given the observed fractional distribution of satellites at different overdensities, the normalized excess in the red fraction of satellites with respect to the red fraction of centrals is consistent with a scenario in which the satellites account for most of the δ-dependences observed in the overall population of galaxies covering 0.1 < z < 0.7.

Threshold Characteristics of Short Pulse Loads Causing Fracture in Concrete and Rocks

Results of experimental investigation of concrete and rocks under high rate loads of microsecond duration (2.5 µs) are presented. Tested samples are rectangular plates (150/150/15 mm) with a notch (70 mm long and 3 mm thick) containing a pre-crack (about 1 mm long). Dynamic loading was created utilizing electric wire explosion technique. An electric wire was placed between the faces of the notch at a distance of 20 mm from the tip of the pre-crack. After the wire explosion the trajectory of the extended crack and the fracture surface were studied. Measured dependence of the crack extension on the loading pulse energy gives the possibility of determining the threshold (minimal) amplitude of the load required to initiate fracture in the studied samples.

Scattering of the Low Frequency Pulsar Radiation

We report the results of the measurements and analysis of the pulse broadening due to interstellar scattering on 43 pulsars at 102 MHz. This is the largest uniform sample of direct measurements of pulsar scattering τsc, which make it feasible to analyze the dependence of this value on other pulsar parameters. The measured dependence of τsc on dispersion measure τsc(DM) = 40(DM /100)2.1 is close to theoretically expected relation τsc(DM) α DM2. A frequency dependence of the scattering pulse broadening is weaker than commonly accepted τsc α v−4.4.