TURGENEV AND SIBERIAN JOURNALISM BEGINNING 1880S YEARS

Введение. Проведен анализ сибирских газет начала 1880-х гг., в которых имеются сведения о И. С. Тургеневе: иркутские газеты «Сибирь» (1873–1887), «Восточное обозрение» (1882–1906) и томские «Сибирская газета» (1881–1888), «Сибирский вестник» (1885–1905). Цель – выявление рецепции личности и творчества великого русского писателя сибирским образованным обществом и понимание его роли в духовной жизни Сибири и России. Материал и методы. Использовались биографический, историко-литературный, историко-функциональный, культурно-исторический и сравнительно-типологический методы. Материалом послужили сибирские и центральные периодические издания 1880-х гг. Результаты и обсуждение. Тургенев оказался знаковой фигурой для культурной жизни Сибири. Его произведения продавались в книжных магазинах Томска, Омска, Барнаула, Иркутска, находились во многих библиотеках Сибири. С появлением первых сибирских газет на их страницах печатались рецензии и материалы о творчестве и событиях жизни русского писателя. Наиболее часто его имя встречалось на страницах «Сибирской газеты». История любви члена редколлегии «Сибирской газеты» С. С. Синегуба была известна в среде революционеров-народников. Она нашла, по мнению автора статьи, свое отражение в разработке любовной интриги Нежданова, Марианны и Соломина (роман «Новь»). Негласным редактором газеты являлся Ф. В. Волховский, политический ссыльный, судимый по «процессу 193-х». В 1877 г. Тургенев не был лично знаком с Волховским, но активно общался с Г. А. Лопатиным, его приятелем и соратником по политической деятельности, и вместе с ним основал Русскую общественную библиотеку в Париже. Особое внимание уделено анализу материалов о И. С. Тургеневе на страницах иркутских и томских периодических изданий: это перепечатки и комментарии статей центральных газет о произведениях Тургенева, собственные рецензии и отзывы о писателе сибирских литераторов. Некоторые из них – Н. И. Наумов, И. В. Омулевский (и, возможно, Н. М. Ядринцев) – были лично знакомы с ним и присутствовали на встречах И. С. Тургенева с редакцией журнала «Слово» и «Русское богатство». Именно в мартовском номере радикального журнала «Слово» в 1881 г. впервые в России опубликовано знаменитое стихотворение Тургенева «Крокет в Виндзоре» (1876). Заключение. Сибирская общественность внимательно следила за творчеством Тургенева, в сибирских газетах печатались сведения о его болезни. После смерти писателя сообщалось о панихидах, которые проходили в ряде сибирских городов. Рассмотрены некрологи и посмертные статьи о Тургеневе, талантливо написанные редакторами «Восточного обозрения» и «Сибирской газеты». В них отмечалось большое значение творчества выдающегося русского писателя и его общественной деятельности для формирования гражданского самосознания сибиряков. Introduction. The analysis of Siberian newspapers of the early 1880s, which contains information about I. S. Turgenev: Irkutsk newspapers «Siberia» (1873–1887), «Eastern Review» (1882–1906) and Tomsk; Sibirskaya Gazeta (1881–1888), Sibirskiy Vestnik (1885–1905). The purpose of the study was to identify the reception of the personality and work of the great Russian writer by the Siberian educated society and an understanding of his role in the spiritual life of Siberia and Russia. Material and methods. In the course of its implementation, a system of methods was used: biographical, historicalliterary, historical-functional, cultural-historical and comparative-typological. Results and discussion. Turgenev turned out to be a significant figure for the cultural life of Siberia. His works were sold in bookstores in Tomsk, Omsk, Barnaul, Irkutsk, and were in many libraries in Siberia. With the appearance of the first Siberian newspapers, reviews and materials about the work and events of the life of the Russian writer were printed on their pages. Most often his name was found on the pages of the «Siberian newspaper». The love story of S. S. Sinegub was known among the populist revolutionaries. She found, in the opinion of the author of the article, its reflection in the development of the love affair of Nezhdanov, Marianna and Solomin (novel «Nov»). The secret editor of the newspaper was F. V. Volkhovsky, a political exile, tried in the socalled «trial of the 193s» in 1877 y. Turgenev was not personally acquainted with Volkhovsky, but actively communicated with G. A. Lopatin, his friend and associate in political activities, and together with him founded the Russian Public Library in Paris. Particular attention in the article is paid to the analysis of materials about Turgenev on the pages of Irkutsk and Tomsk periodicals: these are reprints and comments and articles of central newspapers about the works of Turgenev, their own reviews and reviews of the writer of Siberian writers. Some of them – N. I. Naumov, I. V. Omulevsky (and, possibly, N. M. Yadrintsev) – were personally acquainted with him and were present at Turgenev’s meetings with the editors of the magazine «Slovo» and «Russkoe Bogatstvo». It was in the March issue of the radical magazine «Slovo» in 1881 that Turgenev’s famous poem «Croquet in Windsor» (1876) was first published in Russia. Conclusion. The Siberian public closely followed the work of Turgenev, information about his illness was published in Siberian newspapers. After his death, it was reported about memorial services, which took place in a number of Siberian cities. The author of the article reviewed obituaries and posthumous articles about Turgenev, talentedly written by the editors of «Vostochny Obozreniye» and «Sibirskaya Gazeta». They noted the great importance of the work of the outstanding Russian writer and his social activities for the formation of civic consciousness of Siberians.

"Eradicating Religious Differences”: Religious Turmoil During the French Wars of Religion

This essay looks at the French Wars of Religion, specifically the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and the relationship that it has to religious conflict. Looking at the religious elements of violence within this massacre attempts to show that both Protestant and Catholic leaders, followers, and significant figure of the time, like the King and Catharine de Medici, used religious upheaval as a way to condone the violence that ensued during the late 1560s and early 1570s. Using both primary and secondary sources, this essay looks at ‘Religious nationalism’ and its role in the blood shed of the Massacre. The tensions between the two sects of religion were growing, St. Bartholomew’s Day is an example of when this tension became too much. Looking closely at the people involved and the events that took place, violence and religion are clearly intertwined.

COVID-19 hospitalization and ICU admission trends in younger patients and the pediatric population

Media reports this week are suggesting a potential spike up in COVID-19 genetic variants-associated intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for younger patients from the continents of North America, South America, and Europe. Here, we conducted an observational study on the health records of 60,539 patients (March 1-28, 2021) and 60,256 patients (February 1-28, 2021) from the multi-state Mayo Clinic health system for whom the SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results were also available. Interestingly, we note a significant drop in the ICU admission rates during March (1.45%; 87 of 6017 COVID-positive patients) compared to February (1.99%; 121 of 6078 COVID-positive patients) with a Rate Ratio of 0.78 (p-value = 0.0002; Figure 1). In this study population, there is a slight shift in the peak of ICU admissions towards the younger population in March relative to February (Figure 2). While this trend is not statistically significant at this time, this requires close monitoring over the coming weeks. Restricting the study population to younger COVID-positive patients (age < 55), we observe a drop in the number of ICU admissions in March compared to February (not statistically significant; Figure 3). Consistent with the drop in the ICU admission rate, we also see a statistically significant drop in the hospitalization rate in March 2021 (10.97%; 660 of 6017 COVID-positive patients) compared to February 2021 (13.64%; 829 of 6078 COVID-positive patients) with a rate ratio of 0.8 (p-value: 2.34e-12; Figure 4). Focusing the study population to the younger COVID-positive patients (age < 55), we observe a drop in the number of hospitalizations in March compared to February (not statistically significant; Figure 5). Independently, the national data from the US government (https://healthdata.gov/) also shows a steady drop over recent months in hospitalized pediatric patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 (Figure 6a). We observe similar trends in the top-10 states by population as well (Figure 6b). This preliminary analysis shows that there is a decreasing trend in ICU admissions and hospitalization of COVID-19 patients across a large multi-state health system as of March 2021. Furthermore, there is no apparent nation-wide spike in pediatric hospitalizations in March compared to February 2021. Decreased hospitalizations and ICU admission rates may be reflective of advances in early diagnosis and intervention. As the proportion of circulating viruses shift towards more variants, these results may change. Overall, amidst recent concerns about emergent SARS-CoV-2 strains, there is an imminent need to develop a real-time system that integrates various national surveillance efforts in order to guide public health policies.

The Effects on Cognitive, Emotional, and Physical Functions of the Elderly at Local Senior Center from Dementia Prevention Program for the Dementia Safety Village

This non-synchronized design research tested the effects of dementia prevention program on cognitive and emotional functions, and activities of daily living of subjects in The Dementia Safety Village by National Responsibility System for Dementia. The subjects were 11 elders at local elderly center of The Dementia Safety Village. Outcome variables include cognition (MMSE-DS: Mini-Mental State Examination-Dementia Scale), emotion (SGDS-K: Short form Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean version), and physical function (IADL: Instrumental Activity of Daily Living). The program provided two hours per a session per week for eight weeks. After completing the program, the score of MMSE-DS, a tool for cognitive function evaluation, increased with a statistically significant figure (t = –3.35, p = 0.007). The score of SGDS-K, which evaluated emotional function, increased, though it did not reach in a statistically significant level (t = –0.482, p = 0.640). The score of IADL showed no a statistically significant figure (t = 0.680, p = 0.512), but the mean showed a slight decreased figure (pre 12.00 ± 4.49, post 11.00 ± 2.19). Based on these results, the dementia program may be used for dementia prevention to the patients of The Dementia Safety Village. This research suggests that an appropriate program for the prevention of dementia needed to be developed further in the future.

Modernism and Cultural Politics in Inter-war Austria: The Case of Clemens Holzmeister

ABSTRACTThis article examines the work of the Austrian architect Clemens Holzmeister. A leading representative of Austrian architecture between the wars, and a significant figure in the i95os and i96os as teacher of the new generation of Austrian architects including Hans Hollein and Gustav Peichl, Holzmeister presents a perplexing image. In the i920s, he played an important role in the early architectural projects of Red Vienna, but in the following decade he endorsed the Austrofascist regime of Engelbert Dollfuß and Kurt Schuschnigg of i934-38. This article argues that his work presents other interpretative challenges too, for he was a prolific designer of churches, which have seldom been integrated into wider narratives of modern architecture. However his work is viewed, it was an important barometer of wider cultural and political currents in inter-war Austria, in particular the country's attempt to construct a meaningful identity after the collapse of the Habsburg empire. The aim of the article is not to rehabilitate or recover Holzmeister, but to consider the light his work casts on inter-war cultural politics in Austria, as well as the broader questions over the implicit value judgements that inform histories of modern architecture.

‘A talented young German’: exploration of the early career of Jacob Braché

Jacob Braché (1827–1905) arrived in Melbourne in 1853, two years into the Victorian gold rush, and soon became a significant figure in local mining circles. For almost fifty years, he contributed actively to mining endeavours – during periods as a civil servant, in numerous mining enterprises, and as a consulting mining engineer. Following a summary of Braché’s contributions in Victoria, this paper focuses on his education and experience prior to emigrating to the Colony, looking at the expertise that he brought to his colonial roles. It concludes with insights into why this ‘talented young German’ was a controversial figure over his half century of professional life in Australia.

A City Full of Life or a City Buried Alive? Vittorio Alfieri’s Venice and Venice in the Travel Journals by Polish Artists at the Turn of the 19th Century

The article raises the topic of the evolving image of Venice from the perspectives of three travel accounts: by Vittorio Alfieri, Fryderyk August Moszyński, and Stanisław Dunin-Borkowski. They were all bound by the figure of the Italian playwright Alfieri. In the article, I propose a new look into the accounts from the travels of Polish intellectual elite: an enlightened journey described in the recollections by Moszyński, and a 19th-century journey depicted in the journals by Borkowski, following Alfieri as the guide. Considering his tragedies in support of national liberation, he perfectly matched the ideas in the minds of Polish artists at the turn of the 19th century. Even though the author may be forgotten today, the reception of his works, depending on the historical period, political situation, and literary streams, evolved interchangeably placing him in the spotlight and ignoring him. In the first half of the 19th century, he was a significant figure, a fact which triggers interesting observations, particularly in the context of the journeys of artists to Venice.

Some spelling and language features of publicistic works by Povilas Višinskis

Povilas Višinskis was a significant figure of the Lithuanian culture, society, and politics at the end of the 19th c. and the beginning of the 20th c., an active advocate of the Lithuanian national movement, a member of the national revival organisation Varpas, and a supporter of the movement to regain the banned Latin characters for the Lithuanian language. His creative legacy includes various publicistic works, found in the press or published as separate booklets; that has yet received little attention. The paper analyses some characteristic spelling and language features of publicistic works by Višinskis.Concerning the spelling, a special focus should be on its promiscuity and randomness. The principles of spelling are mixed up, different word forms are used side by side in the same text, and often it is difficult to explain the reasons and consistency of a particular spelling. With this in mind, it is rather difficult to tell which language and spelling is authentic, and which is edited, proofread or corrected by editors. At the same time, it should be pointed out that such variation in spelling is common to Lithuanian writings of that time, reflecting a phase of the developmental process of the standard language at that time.What concerns the language of Višinskis’ publicistic works, it is characterised by the use of some Samogitian features, rather frequent retention of archaic morphological forms (dual number of nouns and verbs, supinum, athematic verbs, archaic pronominal forms) and cases of stem mixing of nouns. His vocabulary is full of dialecticisms, barbarisms, and semantic archaisms. His syntax contains a lot of non-Lithuanian, foreign constructions, especially those with prepositions.In conclusion, one could say that gradually Višinskis’ language and spelling became more homogeneous. In his latest publicistic works, this language and spelling uniformity becomes clear, while particular forms and constructions are used more consistently.

Pierre Clément – prekursor tematyki wolnomularskiej w dramacie

The paper is concerned with the life and work of Pierre Clément, a Geneva-born journalist, dramatist and poet, who was one of the first to make a freemason a protagonist in a play. Issues re- lating to that author have not been discussed in Polish so far, even though Clément was a significant figure in French playwriting as the precursor of Masonic themes

Old Kinord, Aberdeenshire

The paper reports on research at two well-preserved Iron Age settlement sites in north-east Scotland, occupied between the 2nd century BC and 2nd century AD. At Old Kinord, trenches first excavated in 1903 were reopened, shedding new light on the chronology and structural history of a pair of stone roundhouses and two souterrains. The project extended to new surveys of this site and its neighbour at New Kinord. It investigated the character of the unusually large stone structures found there and the ways in which they were built and used. This report also considers the character of the original excavation, which was conducted by the future Lord Abercromby, a significant figure in the history of Scottish archaeology. Canmore ID 17072 Canmore ID 17065 Canmore ID 33981 Canmore ID 16972 Canmore ID 17057 Canmore ID 33980