Breastfeeding Intention, Knowledge, and Attitude of Pregnant Women in Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder

Objective The objective of this study was to describe breastfeeding intention, knowledge, and attitude, and sources of infant feeding information during the prenatal period among a cohort of pregnant women in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Study Design Pregnant women who were receiving treatment for OUD and in the third trimester completed a questionnaire that measured demographic characteristics, infant feeding intentions, breastfeeding beliefs and attitudes, and sources of breastfeeding information. Frequency counts and percentages and means and standard deviations were used to describe data. Results Sixty-five women completed the survey. Three-fourths reported some intention to breastfeeding. While attitudes around breastfeeding were generally positive, less than half of respondents knew the recommendations and infant health benefits of breastfeeding. Conclusion Prenatal programs for women in treatment for OUD should consider addressing patient-reported concerns and gaps in knowledge regarding the benefits of and recommendation for breastfeeding. Key Points

An Assessment of Inventory Management Practices at the Hospitality Management Department of Takoradi Technical University

Inventory management encompasses a wide variety of tasks. These tasks differ depending on the organization. The study's main goal is to evaluate inventory management activities at Takoradi Technical University's hospitality management department. Non–experimental analysis was used to design the sample. The study's target population was hospitality students with sample sizes of 60 students. Purposive sampling was used to collect data for the analysis. The analysis relied on primary data. To collect data for the analysis, a structured questionnaire was created with both opened-ended and closed-ended questions. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Microsoft Excel were used to analyze and process the information. Frequency distribution tables, pie charts, and bar charts were used to display the findings. According to the results, the department did a commendable job of resource management in order to provide supplies for the students' practical training. The department's inventory management process was purely commercial and the proper inventory management process was implemented. Regardless, it was recommended that the hospitality department strive to keep inventory under control. Evidence for inventory management and record documentation should also be handy at all times.

GIS PROJECT AS AN UNIFIED SPACE FOR WORKING WITH GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL DATA

The article described the role of GIS projects when working with geological and geophysical data in the production process of oil and gas enterprises. The sequence of the formation of GIS project content in the process of geological exploration is highlighted. Practical examples of using of accumulated geodata are given. They used for assessing the quality of initial geophysical data, for studying the geological structure of the area of interest, for preparing cartographic materials of various degrees of significance. The approbation was carried out within the cartographic support for geological exploration works at sites in various regions of the Russian Federation and other world countries. The universality of GIS projects using has been determined: as a tool for working with geodata, an instrument for creating cartographic products, a single point of access to the accumulated information, a data warehouse. The general patterns of consumers' requests for digital cartographic information frequency changes during the main stages of geophysical work have been identified.

Early weak fault diagnosis of rolling element bearing based on resonance sparse decomposition and multi-objective information frequency band selection method

Vibration signals of rolling element bearing’s early weak fault are often submerged by some interference components. To extract early weak fault features accurately, a weak fault feature enhancement method of rolling element bearing based on resonance sparse decompositionand multi-objective information frequency band selection is proposed. This method makes full use of resonance sparse decomposition in filtering the interferences and multi-objective information frequency band selection in enhancing impulsive and cyclostationary features of rolling element bearing’s early weak fault simultaneously. First, resonance sparse decomposition is used as the preprocessing program of multi-objective information frequency band selection to filter the interferences (such as rotating frequency with its harmonics) of rolling element bearing’s early weak fault characteristic components. Then, the filtered components containing main fault information are analyzed by MIFBS to establish the best band-pass filter. Finally, the envelope spectrum analysis is applied on the filtered vibration signal, and the fault characteristic frequency with its harmonics is extracted. To achieve the optimal output parameters of multi-objective information frequency band selection, fusion indexes based on time- and frequency-domain estimators are proposed and used to balance the enhancement of impulsive and cyclostationary characteristics of rolling element bearing’s early weak fault signals. Compared with most of the existing methods mainly based on single time-domain estimators or frequency-domain estimators to improve performance spectral kurtosis, the proposed fusion indexes overcome their defects and could enhance the impulsive and cyclostationary features of rolling element bearing’s early weak fault simultaneously. Effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through simulation and experiment. Besides, its advantage over the other related methods is also presented.

Dissociated neural representations of content and ordinal structure in auditory sequence memory

When retaining a sequence of auditory tones in working memory (WM), two forms of information – frequency (content) and ordinal position (structure) – have to be maintained in the brain. Here, we employed a time-resolved multivariate decoding analysis on content and structure information separately to examine their neural representations in human auditory WM. We demonstrate that content and structure are stored in a dissociated manner and show distinct characteristics. First, each tone is associated with two separate codes in parallel, characterizing its frequency and ordinal position, respectively. Second, during retention, a structural retrocue reactivates structure but not content, whereas a following white noise triggers content but not structure. Third, structure representation remains unchanged whereas content undergoes a transformation throughout memory progress. Finally, content reactivations during retention correlate with WM behavior. Overall, our results support a factorized content-structure representation in auditory WM, which might help efficient memory formation and storage by generalizing stable structure to new auditory inputs.

The determination of the information frequencies in the frame of the acoustic emission signals from the friction zone of tribosystems

Based on the analysis of the works devoted to the selection of informative AE parameters for the diagnosis of tribosystems, in a theoretical way the information frequency ranges in the AE signal frame, where the maximum amplitudes values are observed, have been established. It has been theoretically and experimentally established that the information frequencies depend on the following groups of factors: the constructive; technological and operational ones. The degree of influence of the factors on the change in the frequency range is established. The operational factors (slip speed and load) change the frequency range from 106 to 584 kHz, the technological factors (roughness of the friction surfaces) change the frequency range from 118 to 618 kHz, the constructive factors (the size of the friction area of the stationary triboelement) change the frequency range from 140 to 530 kHz. It has been concluded that for the effective diagnosis of tribosystems, it is necessary to previously determine the information frequency range taking into account the factors listed above. The obtained results were confirmed experimentally with the calculation of the Fisher and Cochrane criteria, which allows one to state about the presence of a correlation between the theoretical values of the information frequencies generated by the tribosystem and the experimental values of the frequencies, where the maximum amplitudes were recorded, the correlation coefficient r = 0,88. The present analysis can be the basis for the development of a diagnostic method for tribosystems during their operation, which will increase the robustness and information content of the AE method.

Infrequent patient-physician conversations about sexual health at an Austrian university hospital

Background Many physical diseases are associated with sexual health problems. Studies concerning physicians’ barriers to patient-physician conversations concerning sexual health often fail to go beyond descriptive analyses of such barriers. The current study focused on finding those barriers that best predict the frequency of patient-physician conversations concerning sexual health. Methods An online-questionnaire assessed physicians’ sociodemographic information, frequency of holding a discussion on sexual health issues with their patients, and self-perceived barriers to asking patients about sexual health issues. The study was conducted at an Austrian university hospital. 102 physicians (53.9% women/46.1% men) participated. Logistic regression models were calculated to analyze associations between physicians’ barriers and the frequency of patient-physician conversations concerning sexual health in everyday practice. Results Of the physicians, 61.8% reported having a discussion on sexual health with their patients at least rarely in their everyday clinical practice. Physicians’ barriers that predicted low frequency of patient-physician conversations concerning sexual health were: expecting the patient to initiate such a conversation, not feeling responsible for this health issue, fear of offending the patient, and one’s own shame and discomfort. Conclusions In contrast to other studies about physicians’ barriers to patient-physician conversations concerning sexual health, in the current study time constrains were not a prominent barrier to such conversations. Future training should help physicians recognize the relevance of sexual health in one’s medical discipline and they should be taught how to overcome their feelings of shame or how to cope with patients’ negative reactions during patient-physician conversations concerning sexual health. Key messages University hospital physicians rarely address sexual health issues in patient-physician conversations. Physicians most often handed the responsibility to initiate such conversations to the patient.

Request for information frequency and their turnaround time in construction projects

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the nature of request for information (RFIs) on construction projects by using data analytics to understand the frequency of RFIs, when they occur on projects, and the relationship between project characteristics and frequency of RFIs and between project characteristics and RFI turnaround time. Design/methodology/approach A data-analytic approach using RStudio and Minitab software on 168 construction project cases in Australia and New Zealand involving 1,032,949 correspondences and 53,042 RFI event records made available by Aconex, one of the world largest cloud-based project management platform. Findings Large and complex projects tend to have significantly larger number of RFI events per day and longer RFI turnaround when compared with smaller and less complex projects. Projects with fewer users per organisation recorded a higher RFI turnaround time when compared with projects with more users per organisation – users mean persons involved in managing the project using the online platform (an index of project complexity). RFIs occur early on less complex projects and occur later on more complex projects. Research limitations/implications Benchmarks of RFI incidences and turnaround time have been developed for various project characteristics and, practitioners can use them to monitor the RFI performance of projects. Organisations need to pay greater attention to staffing levels needed to handle RFIs to reduce RFI turnaround time. Originality/value A data-analytic study of RFI yielded insights for managing RFIs. The findings of previous studies on RFIs are difficult to generalise because they are based on single project case study. The influence of project characteristics on RFI frequency and RFI turnaround time is not yet known.