Competency Needs of Industry 4.0 Companies

Purpose: The main aim of the study is the analysis of the awareness of competency needs in businesses in relation to the development of Industry 4.0 and the possibility of meeting those needs within business cooperation networks. Methodology: We formed a model of competency needs for companies operating as part of Industry 4.0 in Poland, considering the needs of managers and other staff members. The model was then employed in empirical studies. The pilot empirical study was conducted using two methods: a quantitative CAWI method, which covered 81 companies from the metal processing and machine industry in Podlaskie Voivodship, and a qualitative IDI on a sample of 25 organizations. Findings: Manufacturing companies are not fully aware of the competency needs related to Industry 4.0, covered by the established model. Moreover, we found that the most strongly felt competency needs – both by managers and other employees – may not be met within the business cooperation network. In order to satisfy these needs, partners must be found outside the studied network. The business cooperation network that we studied may only satisfy the less noticeable competency needs. Implications: The developed competency model should be studied and further verified, including testing with a larger sample of companies, specifying the behavioral competency gaps related to Industry 4.0, their filling in using formal education systems, lifelong education, internships, and apprenticeships. The need for further research is dictated by the intensity of processes occurring within the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Value: The pilot nature of the study and its limited sample do not undermine its contribution to the body of knowledge as it confirms that the competencies of managers and other staff members are one of the key determinants of successful implementation of the Industry 4.0 concept in Poland.

Dynamic behaviour of a planetary reducer with double planet gears

Planetary reducers have a wide and significant application in modern machine industry. They are extremely compact and reliable, and they can achieve a wide range of gear ratios as well as high efficiency. Since they often operate in extremely changeable working conditions, such as often starting and stoping, it is both interesting and desirable to study their dynamic behaviour. This paper presents a dynamic model of a planetary reducer with double planet gears created by applying Lagrange's equations of the second kind. After a planetary gear reducer has been designed and a CAD model created, the dynamic model was made. Most of characteristic values needed for solution of the equations are taken from the CAD model. Due to their complexity, the equations are solved in math simulation software. A lot of interesting results concerning the dynamic behaviour of the model are obtained, which can be helpful in understanding the dynamic occurrences in the inside of a planetary gearbox. At the end of the paper, conclusions are drawn, and further research directions in this area are given.

CARTECH 303

CarTech 303 is a free-machining austenitic stainless steel. The addition of sulfur to this 18-8 chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel, which is ordinarily tough and difficult to machine, enhances the alloy’s machinability to the degree that it can be readily utilized for producing parts on automatic screw machines at about 70% of the speed of SAE 1212. This sulfur modification has led to widespread acceptance and use of this grade in the screw machine industry. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-1337. Producer or source: Carpenter Technology Corporation.

Economic Integration of the Visegrad Four and Ukraine in the Context of Historical Narratives and Global Challenges

The article reveals the historical preconditions for the development of economic integration of Ukraine and the Visegrad Four from the standpoint of challenges relevant to the region of Central and Eastern Europe. The co-existence of the Rus’ people (ancient Ukrainians) with the Czech, Polish, Hungarian and Slovak ethnic groups is outlined, highlighting the significant events. They are presented in the context of building good neighbourly relations through overcoming contradictions. V4 is considered as an association of new political and economic order within the framework of European integration processes. The routes of economic integration of Ukraine and V4 have been assessed, revealing that this process is mainly limited to import operations and excludes real sector of the economy. A concept is developed for the V4+UA economic space, specifying the creation of a regionally integrated machine industry with fragmented production within a global-scale network and high added value.

MATERIAL SCHEDULING TO PROVIDE MANUFACTURING IN MACHINE INDUSTRY

The article describes an approach to the material scheduling to provide manufacturing by machinery designers. The approach is based on the statistics of material consumption over the last periods and on manufacturing sequence. The article considers information technology alternatives of production reserve planning. The authors propose the model of material support based on a time series analysis. They describe a study scheme and a database structure for calculating by the model developed. The algorithm steps of data analysis, modeling of time series and resulted VS test values comparison are described in details. The article defines an experimental calculation to test the model validity and diagrams to compare the time series of the main and auxiliary material sample pieces. The programmed calculations are given as an additional module for interactive web resource and are implemented through T-SQL.

Influence of the microstructure of tool coatings based on Ti and Al on the blunting process during chipboard processing

Influence of the microstructure of tool coatings based on Ti and Al on the blunting process during chipboard processing.This work concerns three different tool coatings containing Ti and Al. i.e. TiN, AlTiN, TiAlSiN applied to cutting tools used in the machining of wood materials. In the case of the AlTiN coating, a multilayer structure with alternately arranged AlTiN and TiN nano-layers was used. The above coatings were applied to standard replaceable knives used for CNC milling heads made of WC-Co cemented carbide. The deposition process was carried out using the RF Magnetron Sputtering method. During the measurement on a workshop microscope, the VBmax index measured on the clearance face was adopted as the wear criterion. The research proved a very good behaviour of the TiN/AlTiN multilayer coating, for which the longest average service life which was recorded exceeded the results obtained for the reference tool by about 30%. The addition of silicon, which was supposed to increase the abrasion resistance, only did not improve the durability of the blade, it actually worsened it by 6%. In addition, the coating, which has been widely used in the machine industry for a very long time, i.e. TiN, did not extend the tool life significantly (+ 7%).

Tooth contact analysis of the effect of the addendum modification coefficient of helical gears having modified teeth

The helical gear pair is widely used in different mechanical constructions such as vehicle industry and working machine industry. The main property of them is the skew tooth direction with which better tooth connections could be available than in case of straight tooth direction. The analysis of the effect of the addendum modification coefficient for the normal stress and the normal deformation is the aim of the research which could be determined by finite element analysis. Five helical gear types are designed and modelled. The difference among them is only the different addendum modification coefficients. All of the other initial parameters are constant. After the result we determine the conclusions based on the diagram's results which are received by the mechanical parameters and the addendum modification coefficients.

Aspects of Utilizing Burnishing for Reconditioning Machine Components

The paper presents exemplary application of burnishing treatment as a technological process of reconditioning machine components. Empirical research of burnishing treatment was conducted on the most common cylindrical surfaces which are widely used in machine construction, for example in drive shafts of centrifugal pumps. Experimental tests were carried out and determined the influence of burnishing technology on strengthening the surface layer of cylindrical samples made of unalloyed C45stainless steel. Burnishing was conducted by means of NK-01 roller burnisher, made in the Department of Marine Maintenance at Gdynia Maritime University. The burnishing is normally applied in manufacturing as well as reconditioning machine elements used in machine industry, metallurgic industry, power engineering industry or shipping and aviation industry where the safety and reliability of machine work is decisive.

MONITORING OF FLANK WEAR AND DAMAGE ON TURNING CUTTING TOOLS BY IMAGE PROCESSING

The development of the tool wear monitoring system by machining processes has been well recognized in the machine industry mainly due to the growing demand for product quality and improved productivity. For this, artificial vision systems have been used as a measurement tool in various application areas. Thus, the objective was to develop a system automatic based in the image processing to identify and measure flank wear in machining tool. Image processing techniques, discriminant function, to identify insert breakage, and Hough Transform, to find the flank wear profile, achieved over accuracy. Consequently, 94.3% to identify between worn and broken insert and 0.04 mm mistake in measurement of flank wear width compared with microscope.