Analysis of Traffic Operation Characteristics and Calculation Model of the Length of the Connecting Section between Ramp and Intersection

Many cities have built expressways to alleviate traffic congestion, among which elevated expressways are the most common form. However, traffic congestion still occurs frequently in the connecting section between the ramp of expressway and the ground intersection. Based on the field traffic survey data, the traffic operation characteristics of vehicles in the connecting section and the main factors affecting the length of the connecting section are analyzed. A combined model for calculating the length of the connecting section between ramp of urban expressway and intersection is proposed. VISSIM is used to simulate the traffic flow under the current and calculated length of the connecting section. The comparison results show that under the calculation length, the travel time, average delay, parking time and queue length are reduced to varying degrees, which verifies the rationality of the calculation model.

Determination of the main elements and characteristics of a tuna vessel in the early stages of its design

В статье приведены результаты статистического анализа средних тунцеловных судов, позволившие определить диапазон изменения их основных элементов, выбрать судно «прототип» и провести ряд вариационных исследований по определению влияния основных элементов тунцеловного судна (изменении расчетной длины и ширины) на его качества. Ошибочно выбранные главные размерения на ранних стадиях проектирования приводят к финансовым и временным затратам в процессе проектирования и постройки судна. В связи с этим, важно на ранних стадиях проектирования для выбора оптимальных размерений, иметь показатели качеств, для каждого из выбранных габаритов судна. Для рассматриваемых вариантов судна построены теоретические чертежи, кривые элементов теоретического чертежа и проведено их цифрование. По результатам исследований мореходных качеств (проверка остойчивостии и оценка буксировочного сопротивления), а также анализа частот собственных колебаний корпуса по первому тону, при изменении расчетных длины и ширины судна, сделаны соответствующие выводы. The article presents the results of a statistical analysis of medium-sized tuna vessels, which made it possible to determine the range of changes in their main elements, choose a prototype vessel and conduct a series of variational studies to determine the influence of the main elements of a tuna vessel (change in the calculated length and width) on its quality. Incorrectly chosen main dimensions in the early stages of design lead to financial and time costs during the design and construction of the vessel. In this regard, it is important at the early stages of design to select the optimal dimensions, to have quality indicators for each of the selected dimensions of the vessel. For the variants of the vessel under consideration, theoretical drawings, curves of the elements of a theoretical drawing were constructed and digitized. Based on the results of studies of seaworthiness (stability check and assessment of towing resistance), as well as analysis of the frequencies of natural vibrations of the hull by the first tone, when changing the calculated length and width of the vessel, the corresponding conclusions were drawn.

Suspender Replacement Method for Long-Span Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Arch Bridges and Cable Force Measurement Based on Frequency Method

The suspenders on the sides of an arch bridge are highly vulnerable to damage caused by traffic load and environmental corrosion. To accurately estimate the cable force of suspenders, herein, we analyse the influencing factors through a suspender tension test based on the principle of suspender vibration. The frequency of each suspender of the bridge is evaluated using the frequency method. By combining the cable force data measured directly and the measured suspender frequency, the formulas for calculating the cable forces of long and short suspenders are fitted, and a reasonable estimation method for the calculated length of short suspenders is provided. The formulas are verified through application to a CFST arch bridge. Results indicate that the proposed formula effectively considers the influence of the sleeve on the overall calculated length of the suspender. The formula calculates the suspender cable force with higher accuracy, proving its suitability for engineering use.

Age, growth, and population assessment of grass pickerel (Esox americanus vermiculatus) in two northern populations

Age assessment was conducted on the at-risk grass pickerel (Esox americanus vermiculatus Lesueur, 1846) in southern Ontario, Canada (the northern edge of the species’ range), to better understand population dynamics. Cleithral age assessment revealed different age distributions between two sample years; the first year characterized by old, large individuals and the second year characterized by mostly young of the year. Back-calculated lengths at age were used to develop the von Bertalanffy growth relationships and estimates of ultimate length. Growth rates were substantially faster in the second year, when fewer and smaller individuals were present, suggesting density-dependent effects on growth. A pseudoannulus in the cleithrum, common to this species, was shown by sequential sampling to form in early July at 70% to 80% of the first growth zone and to occur more frequently in slow-growing fish and strong year classes than in faster-growing individuals and weaker year classes. Mortality rates of females were high (26%–46%) relative to other studies and probably resulted from greater abundance of individuals. Compared with cleithra, scale ages after age 1 were consistently underestimated. Calculated length at cleithral age intervals overlapped minimally, suggesting length could be used as a proxy for assessing age of this species in Ontario to avoid lethal sampling.

Analysisof Effective Length Factors of Hinged Pitched-Roof Framed Column with Sway under Arch Effect

Aiming at the limitation of the calculated length coefficient of the gable portal rigid frame columns in the standards and regulations, which ignores the influence of the arch effect caused by the axial force of the inclined beams lope, this paper uses the elastic buckling equation of the solid-webbed articulated pitched-roof frame, considered 𝑃−𝛥 second-order effect and the arch effect of the inclined beam under uniform load together. And the length coefficient calculated is analyzed. It is concluded that the larger the slope of the inclined beam and the ratio of the rigid frame span are, the more obvious the arching effect is, and the larger the calculated length coefficient of the rigid frame column is.

Particular neurophysiological aspects of etiopathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic scoliosis

Aim. To study the data of mathematical model of mismatch between the vertebral length and the spinal cord calculated length in adolescents with juvenile idiopathic scoliosis. Materials and methods. The paper presents the data on the calculated value of spinal cord and vertebral growth mismatch coefficient according to computed optic tomography and transcranial magnetic stimulation data in 46 adolescents, suffering from multiplane vertebral deformity of different degree of severity. Results. The obtained data confirm the theory of mismatch between the spinal cord and vertebral growth. It was shown that spinal cord growth is the process, which does not depend on patients age and length of vertebral column. Conclusions. There was constructed a mathematical 3D-model of link between the multiplane deformity severity, age and spinal cord and vertebral growth mismatch coefficient value, which can serve as a perceptive prognostic instrument in diagnosis of idiopathic scoliosis.

Analysis on Calculated Length for Buckling Stability of Steel Pipe Pile Based on Energy Method

According to the Winkler assumption, the form of the pile constraint could be simplified as bottom fixing and top free. Considering the influence from resistance of soil around pile, the equations on calculated length for buckling stability of steel pipe pile when the portions along the pile length were constrained in the uniform foundation and the layered foundation were respectively derived based on energy method and variational principles. And the application of the formulas was explained through examples. The equations are successfully applied in similar projects.

Parallel Robot for Lower Limb Rehabilitation Exercises

The aim of this study is to investigate the capability of a 6-DoF parallel robot to perform various rehabilitation exercises. The foot trajectories of twenty healthy participants have been measured by a Vicon system during the performing of four different exercises. Based on the kinematics and dynamics of a parallel robot, a MATLAB program was developed in order to calculate the length of the actuators, the actuators’ forces, workspace, and singularity locus of the robot during the performing of the exercises. The calculated length of the actuators and the actuators’ forces were used by motion analysis in SolidWorks in order to simulate different foot trajectories by the CAD model of the robot. A physical parallel robot prototype was built in order to simulate and execute the foot trajectories of the participants. Kinect camera was used to track the motion of the leg’s model placed on the robot. The results demonstrate the robot’s capability to perform a full range of various rehabilitation exercises.