Amassing the Security: An Enhanced Authentication Protocol for Drone Communications over 5G Networks

At present, the great progress made by the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the emergence of the Internet of Drones (IoD). IoD is an extension of the IoT, which is used to control and manipulate drones entering the flight area. Now, the fifth-generation mobile communication technology (5G) has been introduced into the IoD; it can transmit ultra-high-definition data, make the drones respond to ground commands faster and provide more secure data transmission in the IoD. However, because the drones communicate on the public channel, they are vulnerable to security attacks; furthermore, drones can be easily captured by attackers. Therefore, to solve the security problem of the IoD, Hussain et al. recently proposed a three-party authentication protocol in an IoD environment. The protocol is applied to the supervision of smart cities and collects real-time data about the smart city through drones. However, we find that the protocol is vulnerable to drone capture attacks, privileged insider attacks and session key disclosure attacks. Based on the security of the above protocol, we designed an improved protocol. Through informal analysis, we proved that the protocol could resist known security attacks. In addition, we used the real-oracle random model and ProVerif tool to prove the security and effectiveness of the protocol. Finally, through comparison, we conclude that the protocol is secure compared with recent protocols.

Context-aware POI Recommendation using Neutrosophic Set for Mobile Edge Computing

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, there is a growing demand for high-quality point of interest(POI) recommendation. The POIs visited by users only account for a very small proportion. Thus traditional POI recommendation method is vulnerable to data sparsity and lacks a clear and effective explanation for POI ranking result. The POI selection made by the user is influenced by various contextual attributes. The challenge lies in representing accurately and aggregating multiple contextual information efficiently. We transform the POI recommendation into a contextual multi-attribute decision problem based on the neutrosophic set (NS) which is suitable for representing fuzzy decision information. We establish a unified framework of contextual information. Firstly, we propose a contextual multi-attribute NS transformation model of POI, including the NS model for single-dimensional attributes and the NS model for multi-dimensional attributes. And then through the aggregation of multi attribute NS, the POI that best conforms to user's preferences is recommended. Finally, the experimental results based on the Yelp dataset show that the proposed strategy performs better than the typical POI recommendation method in NDCG, accuracy, and recall rate.

Study and Investigation on 5G Technology: A Systematic Review

In wireless communication, Fifth Generation (5G) Technology is a recent generation of mobile networks. In this paper, evaluations in the field of mobile communication technology are presented. In each evolution, multiple challenges were faced that were captured with the help of next-generation mobile networks. Among all the previously existing mobile networks, 5G provides a high-speed internet facility, anytime, anywhere, for everyone. 5G is slightly different due to its novel features such as interconnecting people, controlling devices, objects, and machines. 5G mobile system will bring diverse levels of performance and capability, which will serve as new user experiences and connect new enterprises. Therefore, it is essential to know where the enterprise can utilize the benefits of 5G. In this research article, it was observed that extensive research and analysis unfolds different aspects, namely, millimeter wave (mmWave), massive multiple-input and multiple-output (Massive-MIMO), small cell, mobile edge computing (MEC), beamforming, different antenna technology, etc. This article’s main aim is to highlight some of the most recent enhancements made towards the 5G mobile system and discuss its future research objectives.

New Generation of Smart Highway: Framework and Insights

The new generation of smart highway (NGSH) has become an irresistible global trend to improve transport efficiency and safety. The exploration of the features and framework for NGSH can guide us to upgrade the current highway system. This paper summarizes the fundamental features of the NGSH from the perspective of the interactive evolution of automobile industry and road transport. In line with the popularity of automated and connected vehicles, the primary technical features of the NGSH are proposed as (I) complete elements sensing, (II) cyber-physical systems, (III) cooperative vehicle-infrastructure applications, and (IV) 5th generation mobile communication technology. The corresponding physical framework and data flow are introduced, in which three data attributes (data accuracy, dimensionality, and freshness) are highlighted to describe the data requirements for various scenarios. The development path of the NGSH is further discussed in terms of the different vehicle automation levels. The characteristics of five levels of NGSH are identified from R1 to R5. Different combinations of NGSH level and vehicle automation level lead to distinct system functions. Several urgent problems in the current stage are pointed out in terms of system compatibility, standard specification, and information security. This paper provides new insights for sustainable and reproducible highway reformation, drawing some implications for NGSH design.

Efficient Processing of Top-k Frequent Spatial Keyword Queries

The rapid popularization of high-speed mobile communication technology and the continuous development of mobile network devices have given spatial textual big data (STBD) new dimensions due to their ability to record geographical objects from multiple sources and with complex attributes. Data mining from spatial textual datasets has become a meaningful study. As a popular topic for STBD, the top-k spatial keyword query has been developed in various forms to deal with different retrievals requirements. However, previous research focused mainly on indexing locational attributes and retrievals of few target attributes, and these correlations between large numbers of the textual attributes have not been fully studied and demonstrated. To further explore interrelated-knowledge in the textual attributes, this paper defines the top-k frequent spatial keyword query (tfSKQ) and proposes a novel hybrid index structure, named RCL-tree, based on the concept lattice theory. We also develop the tfSKQ algorithms to retrieve the most frequent and nearest spatial objects in STBD. One existing method and two baseline algorithms are implemented, and a series of experiments are carried out using real datasets to evaluate its performance. Results demonstrated the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed RCL-tree in tfSKQ with the complex spatial multi keyword query conditions.

Turbo-coded Ultra Long Haul System with Probabilistic Shaped 16QAM Modulation

With the rapid growth and development of 5G (5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) and the incoming of 6G (6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology), the demand for high-speed and flexible communication solutions is becoming far more urgent. Within this paper, a novel code modulation scheme based on PS (probabilistic shaping) and Turbo code is proposed with its effectiveness is confirmed by the results of simulation. The results inform that in an optical fiber communication system with 56 Gb/s rate and 3000 km transmission distance, when the SNR (signal-noise ratio) is greater than 3.5 dB, the Turbo-coded PS-16QAM modulation format can achieve reliable transmission. The proposed scheme performs the best in BER (bit error ratio) and average launch power in the four cases of uniform 16QAM, PS-16QAM, Turbo-coded 16QAM with and itself. The proposed scheme is a potential solution in the future 5G communication.

Research on the Application of Uninterrupted 5G Private Network in Smart Grid

Based on the demand for smart grid 5G network, this paper studies 5G mobile communication technology and the industry's 5G private network construction mode. Combined with power grid requirements, this paper focuses on analyzing the uninterrupted 5G private network solution, the principal of the solution is also explained. Taking a 5G test network deployed at a converter station as an example, the construction, isolation, operation, and maintenance plans of the uninterrupted 5G private network solution in the power communication network is proposed, the actual tests verify the feasibility of the continuous 5G private network. This paper will provide reference for the promotion and application of 5G private network technology in the power grid.

Application of Wireless Communication Technology in Construction Project Information Management

With the replacement of the times, the electronic information technology of all countries in the world has developed rapidly, and 4G mobile communication technology has also obtained the opportunity of development, which has improved the transmission speed of 5G mobile communication technology, which has been widely used in intelligent information management of construction engineering. Under this background, this paper selects the research methods of theory guiding practice and practice updating theory to guide the application of information technology. Based on the actual engineering cases, this paper discusses the scientific process of information management construction of construction projects from the perspective of BIM Technology by taking the specific construction details as the starting point. Firstly, this paper systematically introduces the key technologies of BIM and the related concepts and basic contents of construction project management informatization, expounds and analyzes the three construction modes that should be followed by construction project collaborative management informatization, and puts forward the key and main contents of standardization construction. Then, taking New York freedom building as an engineering case, this paper analyzes the application of building information modeling (BIM) in the architectural design of New York freedom building. Relevant research can provide theoretical and practical references for realizing and ensuring the combination of project management and information technology.