Monitoring Potentially Toxic Element Pollution in Three Wheat-Grown Areas with a Long History of Industrial Activity and Assessment of Their Effect on Human Health in Central Greece

Agricultural lands, especially those where wheat is cultivated, in the vicinity of intense anthropogenic activities may be laden with potentially toxic elements (PTEs), resulting in increased risk for human health. In this study we monitored three regions located in central Greece, currently cultivated with wheat: Domokos and Eretria, two areas with abandoned chromium mines, but never studied before, and the industrial area of Volos, near a major steel factory. All soils were alkaline with medium CaCO3 content. As expected, Cr was extremely high in the first two areas (705.2 in Eretria and 777.5 mg kg−1 in Domokos); Ni was also found elevated (1227 in Eretria, 1315 in Domokos and 257.6 mg kg−1 in the steel factory), while other harmful metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) were rather low. As a result, pollution load index, a cumulative index showing the contamination level of an area, was higher than 1.0 in all three areas (Eretria = 2.20, Domokos = 2.28, and steel factory = 1.61), indicating high contamination and anthropogenic inputs. As for the wheat parts (shoots and grains), they were found to have no elevated concentrations of any of the measured metals in all three study areas, probably due to the alkaline soil pH that decelerates metal mobility. This was also confirmed by the very low soil-to-plant transfer coefficient values for all metals. In assessing the possible risk concerning human health, we found that the soil-to-human pathway would induce no significant risk (exhibited by hazard index of less than 1.0), while the risk from grain-to-human resulted in considerable risk for human health in the steel factory of Volos (where HI > 1.0). Our findings suggest that rural areas never studied before with a history in some offensive anthropogenic activity can prove to be a contamination hotspot; we regard this study as a pivotal for similarly never-visited-before areas casually cultivated with wheat (or other important crops for human nutrition). We further recognize the need for a more in-depth study that would acknowledge the geochemical speciation of the studied metals and also monitor other important crops and their possible uptake of PTEs.

Screening and Risk Factor Associated with Deep Vein Thrombosis among Factory Workers

Background: Venous thrombo embolism (VTE) its a form of vascular disorder becomes important disease condition now a days. Basically VTE is term used for both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). DVT is defined as a blood clot (thrombus) in a deep vein usually in the legs, also in the calf and thigh veins. It is 3rd largest cause for mortality and morbidity. Deep vein thrombosis occur mostly there are no symptoms but in some cases lower extremity will be painful, warm redden, and also superficial veins may engorged. In such cases when there is massive embolism thrombolytic therapy agent as streptokinase or urokinase or tissue plasminogen activation used for dissolve the thrombus or resolve the obstruction. For relieving chances of venous thrombosis like range of motion, physiotherapy, graduated stocking can be categorized as important mechanical methods for the prevention of DVT. Objective: In this study 1. To Screen the deep vein thrombosis among factory workers To assess the risk factor of deep vein thrombosis among factory workers To associate the screening and risk factor of deep vein thrombosis among factory workers with their selected demographic variables Methodology: Descriptive research design will use for this research study. Sample will be factory workers. Non probability purposive sampling technique will use for the study. This research study will include 120 Factory workers from Mahalakshmi Steel factory Pvt. Ltd, Deoli, Dist.Wardha, Maharashtra. Factory workers must select according to requirements for inclusion and exclusion criteria. 1.Factory workers who were completed 5 years in steel factory & Factory workers who are willing participate in study are inclusion criteria. Exclusion Criteria: 1.Factory workers who already taking treatment for deep vein thrombosis. 2. Factory workers those were participated in similar kind of study. 3. Office workers are excluded in this study. Expected Results: Outcome includes Screening and risk factors associated with deep vein thrombosis among factory workers for the study are low probability, moderate probability, high probability with the clinical validated tool Wells criteria for screening of deep vein thrombosis. Risk factor associated with deep vein thrombosis assess with structure questionnaire. Ethical approval was obtained from (DMIMS(DU)/IEC/DEC-2019/8684). Conclusion: It will be drawn from the results.

Pengaruh Rendaman Air Laut Pasang Surut terhadap Campuran Lapis Aspal Beton AC-WC dengan Modifikasi Steel slag Ramah Lingkungan

Road pavement near coastal area has greater chance for seawater immersion. Along the road of Pantai Utara especially on Jalan Kaligawe Raya, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, tidal seawater flood often occurs. Road pavement that is immersed by water is potentially damaged since water is one of the causing factors of damage in road pavement. Recurring weight also will decrease the design life and the road degrades faster. The buildup of unused waste from steel factory can be an alternative material for modified asphalt mix. The test result of 6, 12, and 24 hours seawater immersion indicated poor marshall characteristic value marked by the decrease of density value, VFA (Void Filled Asphalt), stability, and MQ (Marshall Quotient), and indicated the increase in VIM (Void In the Mix), VMA (Void in Mineral Aggregate), and flow.

Investigation of mercury pollution in hornbeam trees of green space in industrial park area

The heavy metal mercury among other toxic metals can accumulate in plant organs in large quantities toxic to humans. Carpinus betulus is a most species from Caspian hyrcanian Mixed Forests, in this research it was studied that how much mercury absorbed from the environment . Twenty five trees were randomly selected, and the distances between trees(Hornbeam) were 10 to 15 meters in industrial park in North of Iran . From each tree selected, 15 grams leaves and 15 grams root were harvested with horticultural scissors and 15 g of soil from 30 cm depth. Four stations were selected near steel factory. A control station, located 2 km from the steel factory was selected and three stations were located near the steel factory. Samples of leaves, soil and roots are prepared after encoding, placed in paper envelopes and transferred to the lab. The amount of mercury in plant samples was prepared by dry digestion with atomic absorption spectroscopy. To compare the effect of mercury concentration on leaf and stem and root, Tukey's test was used. The average concentration of mercury in soil is 0.96 mg / kg, root 0.551 mg / kg, leaf 0.28 mg / kg. With increasing mercury, observed in the amount of leaf chlorophyll content is decreased. According to conducted investigations in study the Carpinus betulus tree can be concluded that the accumulation amount of heavy metal, mercury, and hornbeam is suitable for absorbing the contamination of mercury of soil pollution