VIEWS ON THE CREATION AND USE OF FIELD DEPOTS DURING OPERATIONS (COMBAT ACTIONS)

Logistical support of troops (forces) during operations (combat actions) involves the creation of a significant number of field storage units and depots for material and technical means, which should store substantial number of supplies. But in modern conditions, these field depots become an attractive target for the enemy since tthey occupy a large area of several square kilometers (i.e., with a low probability of misses during fire attacks), have clear features that do not confuse them with another spatial object. Field depot is also characterized by extremely low mobility – for example the deployment time of field fuels and lubrscants depot with a capacity of 600 cubic meters is about a day (approximately 20 hours). The importance of this problem is known, but in many cases experts build a model of creation and deployment of field depots not taking into account not only progress in the development of weapons, but also changes in the enemy's views on combat operations. The experience of Anti–Terrorist Operation and Joint Forces Operation clearly confirms the abovementioned problem. A representative example of this thesis – The main provisions of the logistics of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. This document states that it is necessary to provide for the establishment of separate material and technical means storage departments in order to create and disperse material and technical means stocks, bring them closer to the troops (forces), reduce the distance of delivery and increase the efficiency of material and technical means use. But in this formulation, without providing specific recommendations, the norms of the Basic Provisions remain to be only vain wishes. In view of the above, it is concluded that the field depots and storage units for material and technical means reserves should be highly mobile, with a short deployment–folding and loading–unloading time, maximally protected from the enemy, including its subversive-reconnaissance groups, and have high camouflage properties. One of the most appropriate options for solving this problem may be the creation of rolling stock on the basis of a special military train, i.e. equipped in conventional railway carrieage (passenger and freight), tanks and railway platforms.

MODELING OF CONVECTIVE DRYING PROCESS DISPERSE MATERIAL IN GRAVITY-MOVING MONOLAYER AT MICROKINETIC LEVEL

Нелинейность дифференциальных уравнений тепломассопереноса А.В. Лыкова и сложность в экспериментальном определении неизвестных коэффициентов, входящих в них, не позволяют получить аналитического решения, что обусловлено зависимостью коэффициентов переноса от температуры и влагосодержания материала. Известные аналитические решения получены лишь для тел канонической формы (пластина, цилиндр, шар). Однако эти решения громоздки и сложны по структуре, что сдерживает их практическое применение. Для построения математической модели процесса конвективной сушки в работе сформулированы упрощающие допущения: форма частицы рассматривалась в виде неограниченного цилиндра; пренебрегалось аксиальной влагопроводностью, термодиффузией, теплопроводностью отдельной частицы. Применение теоретических методов микрокинетики непрерывной сушки дисперсных материалов, основанных на описании кинетики сушки единичных частиц, сформулированных упрощений, начальных и граничных условий позволили получить систему дифференциальных уравнений в безразмерном виде, описывающую процесс сушки единичной частицы при прямоточно-противоточном продувании агента сушки через гравитационно-движущийся монослой высушиваемого материала. Данная система уравнений является упрощенной (не учитываются температурные градиенты, термодиффузия, распределенность источника теплоты в самой частице) и решена методом Рунге-Кутта четвертого порядка точности. Приводится графическая интерпретация результатов моделирования на примере сушки семян льна, получившего широкое применение в производстве технического масла. Погрешность моделирования не превышает 12,5 %. The nonlinearity of the differential equations of thermal mass transfer of A.V. Lykov and the difficulty in experimentally determining the unknown coefficients included in them do not allow us to obtain an analytical solution, which is due to the dependence of transfer coefficients on the temperature and moisture content of material. Known analytical solutions are obtained only for canonical bodies (plate, cylinder, ball). However, these solutions are cumbersome and complex in structure, which hinders their practical application. To build a mathematical model of the convective drying process, simplifying assumptions are formulated in the work: the shape of the particle was considered in the form of an unlimited cylinder; neglected axial WLA, thermodiffusion, thermal conductivity of an individual particle. The use of theoretical methods of microkinetics of continuous drying of dispersed materials, based on the description of the kinetics of drying of single particles, formulated simplifications, initial and boundary conditions, made it possible to obtain a sys-theme of differential equations in dimensionless form, describing the process of drying of a single particle during direct-flow countercurrent blowing of a drying agent through a gravitational-moving monolayer of a high-sutured material. This system of equations is simplified (temperature gradients, thermodiffusion, distribution of the heat source in the particle itself are not taken into account) and solved by the Runge-Kutt method of the fourth order of accuracy. A graphical interpretation of the simulation results is given on the example of drying of flax seeds, which has been widely used in the production of technical oil. The mode error does not exceed 12.5 %.

DISPERSE MATERIAL COMPRESSION BY ATTACHMENT WITH POLYHARMONIC SOURCE OF OCSILLATIOINS

Problems connected with constructing of machinery for disperse material compression be vibrational method are considered. Technical solution allowing forming compressed solid of disperse material for one impact cycle of compressed equipment is represented. Constructive scheme of vibrational attachment, in which source of polyharmonic oscillations is used, is justified. Results of investigation of process of running disperse material compression by proposed device are represented. The estimation of its influence on density of formed compact with comparison with attachment, in which source of harmonic oscillations is used, is carried out. The investigations show the perspective of this method. Using the attachment with source of polyharmonic oscillation mode will allow to extend application area in many industries.

Spling of slots in chaff as an effect of using mixtures with a regulated composite related basis in the bathroom in gas structures

The purpose of the work is to select a rational mode of slag formation in oxygen converters and chipboard. It should be based on the study of the influence of the chemical and component composition on the physical and chemical properties of slag, which determine its refining capacity. The physicochemical substantiation of the rational component and chemical composition of fluxes for the formation of a slag phase with given physical and chemical properties during the smelting of electric steel is given. It has been shown that when reducing the oxidation intensity of carbon in a metal melt and in the conditions of the extraction process for the formation of a stable gas-slag foam, the use of complex slag-forming mixtures containing natural minerals and man-made wastes on the basis of carbon and iron oxides is used. Increasing the efficiency of applying slag-forming mixtures with an adjustable CaO: CaCO3: C: FexOy ratio is achieved by implementing a method for introducing a disperse material into a carrier gas stream with an oxidizing potential, depending on the carbon content in the metal. It is established that the most rational for conditions of oxygen-converter melting is the use of materials intended for use, which contain lime with cigarette butter 15 - 20%. The material is fed to the bath at the end of the oxidation period with a decrease in carbon content to 0.15-0.2% with a significant increase in the temperature of the liquid steel. For conditions of steel smelting in the chipboard, the cigarette can be 40 60%.

ENHANCEMENT OF THE EFFICIENCY OF USE OF RETAIL AND METALLURGICAL SALES

Рurpose. Expansion of the raw material base of ferrous metallurgy, a significant reduction of the environmental burden on the environment, and the reduction of areas under the sludge septic tanks. Problem and its connection with practical tasks. The main waste of metallurgical production is sludge - disperse material, which includes a significant amount of iron oxides, manganese, calcium, which are currently either not utilized at all, or are utilized in very small quantities; sludges for their storage are formed in a dump; while their liquid part drains into the soil, while contaminating the groundwater, and the solid part after the natural drying is prone to wind erosion and pollutes the atmosphere. The article considers the possibility of full use of sludge, which excludes their storage.

The modeling of the dust deposits on the surfaces of cyclone scrubber

The phenomena at interaction of agglomerate of disperse material with the surface of the inertial device are considered. It is revealed that tension in the interactions between the agglomerate surface can reach values comparable to atmospheric pressure, which is the reason for the formation of solid deposits, what is the reason of formation of strong deposits which, in turn, are defined by the autohesion communications of particles forming agglomerate.